Responses of Root Endophytes to Phosphorus Availability in Peach Rootstocks With Contrasting Phosphorus-Use Efficiencies

Phosphorus (P) is an important macronutrient for all lives, but it is also a finite resource. Therefore, it is important to understand how to increase the P availability and plant uptake. The endophytes can help host plants to improve P uptake and will be apparently affected by plant genotypes. To investigate the mechanism of root endophytes in promoting P uptake of peach rootstocks, we analyzed the variations of the root endophytic fungal and bacterial communities of peach rootstocks with different P efficiencies under high or low level of P addition. Results showed that Proteobacteria was the dominant bacterial phylum in the roots of all rootstocks under the two levels of P addition. At low P level, the abundance of Actinoplanes in phosphorus-inefficiency root system was apparently higher than that at high P level. Actinoplanes produced important secondary metabolites, improving the stress resistance of plants. Under high P condition, the abundance of Ferrovibrio was higher in Qing Zhou Mi Tao than in Du Shi. Fe oxides considerably reduced the availability of applied P, which partially explained why the P utilization in Qing Zhou Mi Tao is inefficient. Further, Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum in the roots of all rootstocks under different levels of P addition. The fungi community of roots varied in different rootstocks at each P level, but was similar for the same rootstock at different P levels, which indicated that genotype had a greater effect than P addition on the fungal community of peach rootstocks.

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Corrigendum to: Phosphorus efficiencies and their effects on Zn, Cu, and Mn nutrition of different barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars grown in sand culture

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar01085_co ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 503

Author(s):

Y.-G Zhu ◽

F. A. Smith ◽

S. E. Smith

Keyword(s):

Plant Uptake ◽

Rock Phosphate ◽

Dilution Effect ◽

P Uptake ◽

Sand Culture ◽

P Availability ◽

Barley Cultivars ◽

Practical Implications ◽

P Influx ◽

Mapping Populations

A sand-culture experiment was carried out in a growth chamber to investigate the phosphorus (P) efficiencies of 8 barley cultivars that are parents of 4 mapping populations, and the effects of P nutrition on plant uptake of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn). Two sources of phosphate were used, rock phosphate (sparingly soluble) and CaHPO4 (readily available). There were significant differences in P uptake and utilisation efficiencies between the 8 cultivars. Among the cultivars, the Sahara–Clipper pair is of the most interest, because these 2 cultivars had large differences in root/shoot ratios, P allocation between root and shoot, and P uptake/utilisation efficiencies. Higher P availability significantly reduced plant Zn uptake and tissue concentrations in all cultivars. Shoot Zn concentrations were found to decrease significantly with P influx to the xylem (P < 0.01), indicating that genotypic variations in P translocation from roots to shoots may interact with Zn accumulation in shoots. Higher P availability reduced Cu concentrations in shoots, probably due to a dilution effect. P availability (rock phosphate v. CaHPO4) seemed to affect plant uptake of Mn in some cultivars, but further study is needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved and the practical implications of this interaction in Mn-deficient soils.

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Phosphorus Source and Availability Modulate the Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Assembly in Common Bean

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51077/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Josiane Barros Chiaramonte ◽

Harold Alexander Vargas-Hoyos ◽

Lilian Simara Abreu Soares Costa ◽

Maike Rossmann ◽

Daiana Alves Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Common Bean ◽

Community Assembly ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

P Uptake ◽

Soil Microbiome ◽

P Availability ◽

P Mobilization ◽

Rhizosphere Bacterial Community ◽

P Sources

Abstract Background Phosphorus (P) availability is the main nutritional factor that limits crops yields in tropical soils due to edaphic processes that lead to P immobilization after mineral fertilization. Considering the potential of the rhizosphere microbiome to transform insoluble P into forms readily available for plant uptake, in this study is proposed that plants with contrasting P uptake efficiency, growing under depleted amounts of P are able to shape distinct bacterial communities in the rhizosphere enriching taxa specialized in P mobilization. Methods We selected two common bean genotypes contrasting in P efficiency uptake and grew them in a soil with a gradient of two different sources of P, triple superphosphate (TSP) or rock phosphate Bayovar (RPB). The rhizosphere bacterial community was assessed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Data analyses focused in describing the structure of the bacterial communities, identification of OTUs differentially enriched in different treatments, functional metagenomic prediction and cooccurrence network. Results P sources and levels resulted in different rhizosphere bacterial community structure. A high number of differentially enriched OTUs were observed under P depleted conditions in the P-inefficient genotype, mainly belonging to Actinobacteria phylum. The P-inefficient genotype did not show significant differences in the rhizosphere bacterial community assembly growing in different P sources. Predicted metagenome profiles showed the enrichment of bacterial functions involved in P mobilization, in the rhizosphere of the P inefficient genotype cultivated in P depleted conditions. The network analysis revealed that in the rhizosphere of the P-inefficient genotype under P depleted conditions the bacterial community has a higher number of nodes and edges, higher average degree and clustering coeficient when compared to the treatment with optimal P level. Conclusion Our data showed that the uptake of exogenous input resulted in the assembly of a P-competent microbiome in the P-inefficient genotype compared to the efficient one, supporting the hypothesis that the selective pressure for the P uptake engages P-inefficient genotypes in symbiotic relationships with the soil microbiome. These results will pave the way for future experimentation aiming at explore the contribution of this P-competent microbiome to plant growth and development in a range of soil type.

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Phosphorus efficiencies and their effects on Zn, Cu, and Mn nutrition of different barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars grown in sand culture

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar01085 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 211 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Y.-G. Zhu ◽

F. A. Smith ◽

S. E. Smith

Keyword(s):

Plant Uptake ◽

Rock Phosphate ◽

Dilution Effect ◽

P Uptake ◽

Sand Culture ◽

P Availability ◽

Barley Cultivars ◽

Practical Implications ◽

P Influx ◽

Mapping Populations

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Could biochar amendment be a tool to improve soil availability and plant uptake of phosphorus? A meta-analysis of published experiments

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-14119-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fitsum Tesfaye ◽

Xiaoyu Liu ◽

Jufeng Zheng ◽

Kun Cheng ◽

Rongjun Bian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Uptake ◽

P Uptake ◽

Available P ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

P Availability ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Soil P ◽

Plant P Uptake ◽

Soil Available P ◽

Biochar Amendment

AbstractAs one of the most important nutrients for plant growth, phosphorus was often poorly available in soil. While biochar addition induced improvement of soil structure, nutrient and water retention as well as microbial activity had been well known, and the effect of biochar soil amendment (BSA) on soil phosphorus availability and plant P uptake had been not yet quantitatively assessed. In a review study, data were retrieved from 354 peer-reviewed research articles on soil available P content and P uptake under BSA published by February 2019. Then a database was established of 516 data pairs from 86 studies with and without BSA in agricultural soils. Subsequently, the effect size of biochar application was quantified relative to no application and assessed in terms of biochar conditions, soil conditions, as well as experiment conditions. In grand mean, there was a significant and great effect of BSA on soil available P and plant P uptake by 65% and 55%, respectively. The effects were generally significant under manure biochar, biochar pyrolyzed under 300 °C, soil pH <5 and fine-textured soil, and soils that are very low in available P. Being significantly correlated to soil P availability (R2=0.29), plant P uptake was mostly enhanced with vegetable crops of high biomass yield. Overall, biochar amendment at a dosage up to 10 t ha−1 could be a tool to enhance soil availability and plant uptake of phosphorus, particularly in acid, heavy textured P-poor soils.

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Sex-specifically responsive strategies to phosphorus availability combined with different soil nitrogen forms in dioecious Populus cathayana

Journal of Plant Ecology ◽

10.1093/jpe/rtab025 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiucheng Liu ◽

Yuting Wang ◽

Shuangri Liu ◽

Miao Liu

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Root Length Density ◽

Specific Root Length ◽

P Uptake ◽

Root Tip ◽

P Availability ◽

P Deficiency ◽

Populus Cathayana ◽

Leaf P ◽

P Supply

Abstract Aims Phosphorus (P) availability and efficiency are especially important for plant growth and productivity. However, the sex-specific P acquisition and utilization strategies of dioecious plant species under different N forms are not clear. Methods This study investigated the responsive mechanisms of dioecious Populus cathayana females and males based on P uptake and allocation to soil P supply under N deficiency, nitrate (NO3 −) and ammonium (NH4 +) supply. Important Findings Females had a greater biomass, root length density (RLD), specific root length (SRL) and shoot P concentration than males under normal P availability with two N supplies. NH4 + supply led to higher total root length, RLD and SRL but lower root tip number than NO3 − supply under normal P supply. Under P deficiency, males showed a smaller root system but greater photosynthetic P availability and higher leaf P remobilization, exhibiting a better capacity to adaptation to P-deficiency than females. Under P deficiency, NO3 − supply increased leaf photosynthesis and PUE but reduced RLD and SRL in females while males had higher leaf P redistribution and photosynthetic PUE than NH4 + supply. Females had a better potentiality to cope with P deficiency under NO3 − supply than NH4 + supply; the contrary was true for males. These results suggest that females may devote to increase in P uptake and shoot P allocation under normal P availability, especially under NO3 − supply, while males adopt more efficient resource use and P remobilization to maximum their tolerance to P-deficiency.

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Genetic Dissection of Phosphorous Uptake and Utilization Efficiency Traits Using GWAS in Mungbean

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11071401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1401

Author(s):

Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy ◽

Shouvik Das ◽

Harsh Kumar Dikshit ◽

Gyan Prakash Mishra ◽

Muraleedhar S. Aski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Wide Association Study ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Dry Weight ◽

P Uptake ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Genetic Dissection ◽

P Deficiency ◽

P Utilization ◽

P Utilization Efficiency ◽

Phosphorous Uptake

Mungbean (Vignaradiata L. Wilczek) is an early maturing legume grown predominantly in Asia for its protein-rich seeds. P deficiency can lead to several physiological disorders which ultimately result in a low grain yield in mungbean. The genetic dissection of PUpE (Puptake efficiency) and PUtE (P utilization efficiency) traits are essential for breeding mungbean varieties with a high P uptake and utilization efficiency. The study involves an association mapping panel consisting of 120 mungbean genotypes which were phenotyped for total dry weight, P concentration, total P uptake, and P utilization efficiency under low P (LP) and normal P (NP) conditions in a hydroponic system. A genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) based genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach was employed to dissect the complexity of PUpE and PUtE traits at the genetic level in mungbean. This has identified 116 SNPs in 61 protein-coding genes and of these, 16 have been found to enhance phosphorous uptake and utilization efficiency in mungbeans. We identified six genes with a high expression (VRADI01G04370, VRADI05G20860, VRADI06G12490, VRADI08G20910, VRADI08G00070 and VRADI09G09030) in root, shoot apical meristem and leaf, indicating their role in the regulation of P uptake and utilization efficiency in mungbean. The SNPs present in three genes have also been validated using a Sanger sequencing approach.

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Periphytic microbial response to environmental phosphate bioavailability – relevance to P management in paddy fields

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01201-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jianchao Zhang ◽

Jing Su ◽

Chao Ma ◽

Xiangyu Hu ◽

Henry H Teng

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

Phosphorus Uptake ◽

Paddy Fields ◽

P Availability ◽

Biochemical Processes ◽

Extracellular Metabolite ◽

Microbial Response ◽

P Utilization ◽

Water Ecosystems ◽

And Storage

Periphyton occurs widely in shallow-water ecosystems such as paddy fields and plays critical parts in regulating local phosphorus cycling. As such, understanding the mechanisms of the biofilm’s response to environmental P variability may lead to better perceptions of P utilization and retention in rice farms. Present study aims at exploring the biological and biochemical processes underlying periphyton’s P buffering capability through examining changes in community structure, phosphorus uptake and storage, and molecular makeup of exometabolome at different levels of P availability. Under stressed (both excessive and scarce) phosphorus conditions, we found increased populations of the bacterial genus capable of transforming orthophosphate to polyphosphate, as well as mixotrophic algae who can survive through phagotrophy. These results were corroborated by observed polyphosphate buildup under low and high P treatment. Exometabolomic analyses further revealed that periphytic organisms may substitute S-containing lipids for phospholipids, use siderophores to dissolve iron (hydr)oxides to scavenge adsorbed P, and synthesize auxins to resist phosphorus starvation. These findings not only shed light on the mechanistic insights responsible for driving the periphytic P buffer but attest to the ecological roles of periphyton in aiding plants such as rice to overcome P limitations in natural environment. Importance The ability of periphyton to buffer environmental P in shallow aquatic ecosystems may be a natural lesson on P utilization and retention in paddy fields. This work revealed the routes and tools through which periphytic organisms adapt to and regulate ambient P fluctuation. The mechanistic understanding further implicates that the biofilm may serve rice plants to alleviate P stress. Additional results from extracellular metabolite analyses suggest the dissolved periphytic exometabolome can be a valuable nutrient source for soil microbes and plants to reduce biosynthetic costs. These discoveries have the potential to improve our understanding of biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus in general and to refine P management strategies for rice farm in particular.

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Organic material with balanced C‐nutrient stoichiometry and P addition could improve soil P availability with low C cost

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science ◽

10.1002/jpln.202100108 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Fei ◽

Shirong Zhang ◽

Xionghan Feng ◽

Xiaodong Ding

Keyword(s):

Organic Material ◽

P Availability ◽

Nutrient Stoichiometry ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability ◽

P Addition

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On the potential vegetation feedbacks that enhance phosphorus availability – insights from a process-based model linking geological and ecological timescales

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-11-3661-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 3661-3683 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

C. Buendía ◽

S. Arens ◽

T. Hickler ◽

S. I. Higgins ◽

P. Porada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Primary Productivity ◽

Chemical Weathering ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Root Exudation ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Global Scale ◽

P Uptake ◽

P Availability ◽

P Limitation

Abstract. In old and heavily weathered soils, the availability of P might be so small that the primary production of plants is limited. However, plants have evolved several mechanisms to actively take up P from the soil or mine it to overcome this limitation. These mechanisms involve the active uptake of P mediated by mycorrhiza, biotic de-occlusion through root clusters, and the biotic enhancement of weathering through root exudation. The objective of this paper is to investigate how and where these processes contribute to alleviate P limitation on primary productivity. To do so, we propose a process-based model accounting for the major processes of the carbon, water, and P cycles including chemical weathering at the global scale. Implementing P limitation on biomass synthesis allows the assessment of the efficiencies of biomass production across different ecosystems. We use simulation experiments to assess the relative importance of the different uptake mechanisms to alleviate P limitation on biomass production. We find that active P uptake is an essential mechanism for sustaining P availability on long timescales, whereas biotic de-occlusion might serve as a buffer on timescales shorter than 10 000 yr. Although active P uptake is essential for reducing P losses by leaching, humid lowland soils reach P limitation after around 100 000 yr of soil evolution. Given the generalized modelling framework, our model results compare reasonably with observed or independently estimated patterns and ranges of P concentrations in soils and vegetation. Furthermore, our simulations suggest that P limitation might be an important driver of biomass production efficiency (the fraction of the gross primary productivity used for biomass growth), and that vegetation on old soils has a smaller biomass production rate when P becomes limiting. With this study, we provide a theoretical basis for investigating the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to P availability linking geological and ecological timescales under different environmental settings.

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Cultivar-Dependent Responses in Plant Growth, Leaf Physiology, Phosphorus Use Efficiency, and Tuber Quality of Potatoes Under Limited Phosphorus Availability Conditions

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.723862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Leangsrun Chea ◽

Ana Meijide ◽

Catharina Meinen ◽

Elke Pawelzik ◽

Marcel Naumann

Keyword(s):

Tuber Yield ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

P Uptake ◽

Tuber Quality ◽

P Availability ◽

Plant Tolerance ◽

P Deficiency ◽

Leaf Physiology ◽

Use Efficiency

The limited availability of phosphorus (P) in soils causes a major constraint in the productivity of potatoes, which requires increased knowledge of plant adaptation responses in this condition. In this study, six potato cultivars, namely, Agria, Lady Claire, Milva, Lilly, Sieglinde, and Verdi, were assessed for their responses on plant growth, leaf physiology, P use efficiency (PUE), and tuber quality with three P levels (Plow, Pmed, and Phigh). The results reveal a significant variation in the cultivars in response to different P availabilities. P-efficient cultivars, Agria, Milva, and Lilly, possessed substantial plant biomass, tuber yield, and high P uptake efficiency (PUpE) under low P supply conditions. The P-inefficient cultivars, Lady Claire, Sieglinde, and Verdi, could not produce tubers under P deprivation conditions, as well as the ability to efficiently uptake P under low-level conditions, but they were efficient in P uptake under high soil P conditions. Improved PUpE is important for plant tolerance with limited P availability, which results in the efficient use of the applied P. At the leaf level, increased accumulations of nitrate, sulfate, sucrose, and proline are necessary for a plant to acclimate to P deficiency-induced stress and to mobilize leaf inorganic phosphate to increase internal PUE and photosynthesis. The reduction in plant biomass and tuber yield under P-deficient conditions could be caused by reduced CO2 assimilation. Furthermore, P deficiency significantly reduced tuber yield, dry matter, and starch concentration in Agria, Milva, and Lilly. However, contents of tuber protein, sugars, and minerals, as well as antioxidant capacity, were enhanced under these conditions in these cultivars. These results highlight the important traits contributing to potato plant tolerance under P-deficient conditions and indicate an opportunity to improve the P efficiency and tuber quality of potatoes under deficient conditions using more efficient cultivars. Future research to evaluate molecular mechanisms related to P and sucrose translocation, and minimize tuber yield reduction under limited P availability conditions is necessary.

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