scholarly journals The Influence of Health Literacy and Social Support on Loneliness Among Patients With Severe Mental Illness in Rural Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Hongdao Meng ◽  
Kyaien O Conner ◽  
Mutian Qiao ◽  
Danping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Loneliness is an important risk factor for poor health outcomes among adults, especially among those with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). Existing research has shown that adults with SMIs often lack health literacy, which contributes to more restricted social networks and low levels of social support. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the influence of health literacy and social support on the loneliness of patients with SMI in rural Southwest China. We recruited 300 patients with SMI in rural Southwest China between December, 2017 to May, 2018 via a multi-stage stratified random sampling approach. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) test the hypothesized relationships among the variables of the 270 patients who completed the survey. Results of the SEM showed that health literacy was both directly and indirectly associated with loneliness, with social support playing a mediating role. These findings suggest psychoeducation for SMI patients, and their informal caregivers, may offer beneficial effects toward reducing loneliness in this vulnerable population. Further, social support is another potential target for intervention development for improving patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Social and Psychological Factors Associated With Adolescent Physical Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 957-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette M. Garcia ◽  
John R. Sirard ◽  
Ross Larsen ◽  
Meg Bruening ◽  
Melanie Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective:The purpose of this study was to examine, using structural equation modeling, the associations between nominated friend physical activity (PA), friend social support with individual PA-related psychological factors, and adolescent PA.Methods:Data were obtained from EAT 2010 (Eating and Activity Among Teens), a large cross-sectional study conducted in 20 middle and high schools. The sample consisted of 1951 adolescents (mean age: 14.25 ± 1.96, 54% female, 68% ethnic minorities). PA, parent and friend social support (perceived social support for PA from parents and friends), and psychological measures (PA enjoyment, PA self-efficacy, and PA barriers) were assessed by self-report questionnaires. The SEM analysis consisted of 1 observed variable: friend PA, and 2 latent constructs: psychological factors, perceived social support.Results:The model was a good fit, indicating that there were significant direct effects of both friend PA (P < .01) and psychological factors (P < .0001) on adolescent PA. In addition, psychological factors mediated the association between friend PA and adolescent PA.Conclusion:The results of this model suggest that psychological factors and friend PA are associated with adolescent PA, and that psychological factors may play an important role. Future studies should further examine the association of both friend PA and psychological variables with adolescent PA.

scholarly journals Association of health and nutritional literacy with sun exposure in adults using structural equation modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim SaeidiFard ◽  
Ali Asghar Haery mehrizi ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Nasim Janbozorgi ◽  
Ali Montazeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behavioral Skills ◽  
Complex Relationships

Abstract Background: Inadequate health and nutritional literacy is a common problem among adults which is associated with poor health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between health and nutritional literacy to sun exposure behavior. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 261 adults (18-65 years) in Iran. Knowledge, motivation, health literacy, nutritional literacy and sun exposure behavior using an interview-assisted questionnaire was evaluated. Using the information–motivation–behavioral skills model and structural equation modeling, we tested whether health and nutritional literacy was associated with the complex relationships among knowledge of vitamin D, attitudes toward sun exposure and sun exposure behavior. Beta and p values were calculated.Results: Health literacy (β= 0.29, p<0.001) and nutritional literacy (β= 0.14, p=0.02) was directly associated with sunlight exposure. Indirect relationships also existed between knowledge and sunlight exposure through health literacy (β = 0.33, p<0.001) and nutritional literacy (β = 0.22, p=0.01). The model had good fit (x2/df = 1.422; RMSEA = 0.040; CFI = 0.851; NFI = 0.657). There were no significant relationship between health literacy and motivation (β = 0.11, p=0.16), nutritional literacy and motivation (β = 0.06, p=0.42) and motivation and sun exposure (β = 0.01, p=0.91). Conclusions: Our findings showed that individuals with sufficient health and nutritional literacy more likely to have exposure to sunlight. Health and nutritional literacy should be considered when educating adults about vitamin D supplements and sunlight exposure.

scholarly journals Fortitude in the Face of a Pandemic Mediation Modeling to Characterize Resilience During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Emily Schwartz ◽  
Roland B. Stark ◽  
Katrina Borowiec ◽  
Bruce D. Rapkin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Coping

Abstract PurposeThis study evaluated the differential impact of stressors and psychosocial resources on quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes, and investigated whether attitudes, perspectives, and behaviors relevant to wellness protect one from the negative and positive aspects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID) pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional study done Spring/Summer 2020 recruited patients and caregivers of people with chronic medical conditions, and a nationally representative comparison sample of United States adults. Linear regression investigated the associations between COVID-specific variables and QOL outcomes, after covariate adjustment. Structural Equation Modeling investigated whether the links between Resilience and COVID-specific variables were mediated by attitudes, perspectives, and behaviors relevant to wellness.ResultsThe sample seemed knowledgeable of and adherent to the practices endorsed by public-health experts. COVID-specific Hardship, Interpersonal Conflict, and Worry were associated with worse QOL outcomes, and Growth, Social Support, and Coping were associated with better. Wellness was the most salient predictor of Resilience, functioning both as a main effect and mediator for COVID-specific predictors. People with lower levels of Worry and/or higher levels of Social Support tended to have better-than-expected daily performance in the face of the pandemic. These two predictors acted in large part through the attitudes, perspectives, and behaviors relevant to Wellness.ConclusionOur findings support the idea that cultivating Wellness by dint of one’s perspective, attitudes, and behaviors can be an important buffer to challenging times during a pandemic. Wellness seems to support resilience in its own right in addition to being a mechanism through which other factors can do so.

Social Support, Sense of Coherence, and Self-Management among Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592199664
Author(s):  
Yuan-yuan Song ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Wen-xiu Wang ◽  
Dong-ju Yang ◽  
Xiao-lian Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Self-management is essential for patients who require regular hemodialysis treatment. This study aimed to explore the relationships between social support, sense of coherence (SOC), and self-management in hemodialysis patients and to examine whether SOC plays a mediating role. In a cross-sectional study, 402 hemodialysis patients from four tertiary hospitals were recruited. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Social support, SOC, and self-management were significantly correlated with each other. The proposed model provided a good fit to the data. Social support had a direct effect on self-management and SOC, partially mediated the effect of social support on self-management (β = 0.248, p = 0.001). Social support and SOC explained 69% of the variance in self-management. Our findings indicate that health care providers can enhance social support with an emphasis on strengthening SOC strategies to better improve self-management in hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Radiation effects on atherosclerosis in atomic bomb survivors: a cross‐sectional study using structural equation modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-414
Author(s):  
Tomoki Nakamizo ◽  
John Cologne ◽  
Kismet Cordova ◽  
Michiko Yamada ◽  
Tetsuya Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Atomic Bomb Survivors

AbstractPast reports indicated that total-body irradiation at low to moderate doses could be responsible for cardiovascular disease risks, but the mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between radiation exposure and atherosclerosis, an underlying pathology of cardiovascular diseases, in the Japanese atomic bomb survivors. We performed a cross-sectional study measuring 14 clinical-physiological atherosclerosis indicators during clinical exams from 2010 to 2014 in 3274 participants of the Adult Health Study cohort. Multivariable analyses were performed by using a structural equation model with latent factors representing underlying atherosclerotic pathologies: (1) arterial stiffness, (2) calcification, and (3) plaque　as measured with indicators chosen a priori on the basis of clinical-physiological knowledge. Radiation was linearly associated with calcification (standardized coefficient per Gy 0.15, 95 % confidence interval: CI [0.070, 0.23]) and plaque (0.11, 95 % CI [0.029, 0.20]), small associations that were comparable to about 2 years of aging per Gy of radiation exposure, but not with arterial stiffness (0.036, 95 % CI [− 0.025, 0.095]). The model fitted better and had narrower confidence intervals than separate ordinary regression models explaining individual indicators independently. The associations were less evident when the dose range was restricted to a maximum of 2 or 1 Gy. By combining individual clinical-physiological indicators that are correlated because of common, underlying atherosclerotic pathologies, we found a small, but significant association of radiation with atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Influence of Childhood Family Routines on Adult Depression: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhi Yan ◽  
Junyi Zhang ◽  
Shenghong Dong
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Family Routines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Adult Depression ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Tolerance Of Uncertainty

In order to explore the influence of childhood family routines on adult depression and the mediating role of tolerance of uncertainty and rumination, the current study tested 818 participants by adopting four questionnaires. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that (1) family routines had a negative effect on depression among Chinese college students; (2) family routines were found to have a positive effect on tolerance of uncertainty, and tolerance of uncertainty was a bridge linking family routines and depression; (3) family routines had a significant effect on depression through rumination; (4) the relationship between family routines and depression was partially mediated by the chain of tolerance of uncertainty and rumination. The result reveals not only the fact that childhood family routines have significant influence on college students' depression but also the mechanism of childhood family routines that affect college students' depression. The limitations and implications of our study were also discussed.

scholarly journals Reporting Skill: The Missing Ingredient in Concussion Reporting Intention Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dee Warmath ◽  
Andrew P. Winterstein
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reporting Intentions

Background: Extant literature suggests that a substantial portion of athletes may not report a possible concussion and that concussion knowledge is insufficient to predict concussion reporting behavior. One area that has not been explored is reporting skill; that is, mastery of the actions required to report a concussion. This study evaluated the relationship between reporting skill and reporting intention, introducing a measure of the reporting skill construct. Hypotheses: Reporting intentions will be more closely associated with reporting skill than with concussion/symptom knowledge. The relationship between concussion (or symptom) knowledge and reporting intentions will differ by level of reporting skill. Study Design: Repeated cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: A set of items was administered to young adults aged 18 to 24 years from the Survey Sampling International panel. Exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on 2 waves of data to develop the scale (n = 899). Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling on the responses from the third wave of participants (n = 406). Results: Knowing the actions to take in reporting was more important than having knowledge of concussions or concussion symptoms. Reporting skill, not concussion or concussion symptom knowledge, was associated with higher intentions to report symptoms. Among those with higher levels of reporting skill, concussion symptom knowledge (but not general concussion knowledge) was associated with higher intentions to report symptoms. Conclusion: Reporting skill is an important and, until now, missing ingredient in the concussion literature and practice. Clinical Relevance: Incorporating reporting skill development in concussion education and team activities to teach athletes how to report is likely to improve actual reporting intentions. While further study is needed with particular sports and additional age groups, reporting skill holds promise as a new avenue for increased concussion reporting.

scholarly journals Attitudinal and normative responses to advertising stimuli and vaping intentions

2020 ◽  
pp. 147078532092920
Author(s):  
Abraham Brown ◽  
Seamus Allison
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Cigarette Advertising ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling

Empirical data to show whether exposure to e-cigarette advertising stimuli may influence former- and never-smokers to consider vaping is lacking. We examined whether former- and never-smokers’ cognitive, affective, and normative responses to e-cigarette stimuli in retail outlets will predict their vaping intention. A repeat cross-sectional study recruited 876 participants aged 18–24 years at Waves 1 and 2 in the United Kingdom. Bayesian structural equation modeling tested mediation and moderation effects of the variables of interest. Results from Waves 1 and 2 revealed that the association of salience of e-cigarette advertising in stores and gas stations with vaping intention was mediated by affect and subjective norms among former smokers. Cognitive attitudes of never smokers mediated the relationship between salience of e-cigarette advertising in retail outlets and vaping intention at Waves 1 and 2. Former smokers were more likely to hold stronger affect toward vaping than never smokers at Wave 2. Our study supports the need for stronger policies to restrict e-cigarette portrayals in retail outlets, as advertising messages can trigger strong thoughts, feelings, and norms of vaping. Interventions may benefit from including attitudinal and normative components to promote pro-social behavior.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationships between Work-Related Affective Feelings Expressed by Workers in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9470
Author(s):  
Erman Çakıt ◽  
Waldemar Karwowski ◽  
Tadeusz Marek ◽  
Magdalena Jaworek ◽  
Grzegorz Wrobel
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Effectiveness ◽  
Main Components

Understanding employees’ feelings at work plays a significant role in developing practical and effective organizational and human resource management policies and practices. Furthermore, work-related emotions may have a considerable effect on workers’ health and wellbeing and affect work effectiveness and work performance. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the relationships among four work-related (WOR) affective feelings (WORAF) and to validate the WORAF questionnaire in a Turkish sample. A survey was performed including four constructs: (1) WOR feelings of happiness, (2) WOR feelings of anxiety, (3) WOR feelings of anger, and (4) WOR feelings of dejection. A total of 322 workers from various companies in Turkey completed a paper-based survey. A research model was developed, and its main components were estimated with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that dejection and anger at work play a critical role in experienced anxiety in occupational settings. Similarly, dejection, anger, and anxiety at work play a crucial role in perceived happiness at work.

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