scholarly journals Parent and Child’s Negative Emotions During COVID-19: The Moderating Role of Parental Attachment Style

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqin Liang ◽  
Elisa Delvecchio ◽  
Yucong Cheng ◽  
Claudia Mazzeschi
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Italian Children

In February 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appeared and spread rapidly in Italy. With the health emergency and social isolation, parents started spending more time with their children, and they might have experienced greater distress. Attachment style is considered as an effective emotion regulation strategy in the parent–child relationship. However, few empirical studies have addressed this issue. Based on attachment theory, this study aimed to find parental attachment style as a candidate to moderate the relation between parents’ negative emotions and their perceptions of their children’s negative emotions related to COVID-19. Parents (Mage = 42.55 ± 6.56, 88.2% female) of 838 Italian children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 years participated in an online survey. Results showed that parents with a fearful attachment style had significantly higher negative emotions when facing COVID-19 than those with other attachment styles. Moreover, parents with a dismissing attachment style perceived fewer negative emotions in their children than parents with fearful and preoccupied styles. At last, higher parents’ negative emotions were associated with greater perception of children’s negative emotions only in parents classified as secure and fearful. These findings suggest that parents with dismissing and fearful attachment styles and their children may be at higher risk during the COVID-19 pandemic and they should be given long-term attention.

A Model for Rehabilitation Adherence in Athletes Demonstrating Different Attachment Styles

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Natalie L. Myers ◽  
Gilson J. Capilouto
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Collegiate Athletics ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Rehabilitation Adherence ◽  
The Relationship

Adherence is a documented problem in collegiate athletics. The patient–clinician relationship is an important component of how one will receive the idea of rehabilitation and adhere to the prescribed treatment protocol. Attachment theory states that an emotional bond between two individuals usually flourishes when one individual looks for support and assurance during a time of need. Attachment theory was initially proposed to describe the parent–child relationship and has implications into adulthood. If clinicians understand and recognize the different attachment styles a given patient might portray, then the relationship between the two may flourish, and consequently lead to greater adherence. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to propose a model for improving treatment adherence by adjusting the patient–clinician relationship based on a patient’s attachment style.

The effect of combat experience on adult attachment: A stepfamily perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan D Turner ◽  
David S Wood ◽  
D Aaron Parks ◽  
Kevin Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Combat Experience ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parent Child

Summary Social science researchers have long examined the impact of combat experience on individual and family outcomes, but doing so within a stepfamily context has yet to be done. Drawn from a sample of young adults living in the USA, this study examines the effect of emerging adults’ combat experience on the relationship between their childhood attachment with a biological parent in a stepfamily setting and their adult attachment style with a romantic partner. Findings Results of multiple regression analysis indicate that a secure parent–child relationship within a stepfamily reduces the likelihood of exhibiting more characteristics of avoidant attachment style in adulthood. However, when interacted with combat experience, a secure parent-child relationship significantly increases the likelihood of exhibiting more characteristics of avoidant attachment in adulthood. Applications Results from this study advance previous research findings on the effect of wartime experience on individual outcomes by examining postcombat deployment attachment styles for individuals who were raised in a stepfamily context. Incorporating these findings into social work research and practice can help clinicians more effectively prevent service members’ maladaptive postdeployment attachment styles and treat individuals and families affected by them.

scholarly journals Associations between parent–child relationship, and children’s externalizing and internalizing symptoms, and lifestyle behaviors in China during the COVID-19 epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanxing Du ◽  
Li He ◽  
Mark R. Francis ◽  
Mark Forshaw ◽  
Kerry Woolfall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Parent Child

AbstractTo investigate associations between parent–child relationships, children’s externalizing and internalizing symptoms, and lifestyle responses to the COVID-19 epidemic, we conducted an online survey of a random, representative sample of residents with children aged 3–17 years during mid-March 2020 in Wuhan and Shanghai, China. A total of 1655 parents and children were surveyed with a response rate of 80.1% in the survey. During the epidemic, the frequency of children enquiring about the epidemic (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.06), parents explaining the epidemic to them (AOR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.80, 4.58), parents expressing negative emotions in front of them (AOR = 2.62; 95% CI = 2.08–3.30), and parents with more irritable attitudes (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.33–2.81) were significantly associated with children’s externalizing symptoms. For internalizing symptoms, significant associations were found with worse parent–child closeness (AOR = 2.93; 95% CI = 1.80–4.79), the frequency of parents expressing negative emotions in front of them (AOR = 2.64; 95% CI = 1.68, 4.12), and more irritable attitudes (AOR = 2.24; 95% CI = 1.42–3.55). We also found that each indicator of parent–child relationships had the significantly similar associations with children’s lifestyle behaviors. These findings suggest that improving parents’ attitudes towards their children and parent–child closeness during the epidemic, especially among parents with lower educational levels, are important to ensure the wellbeing of children.

Attached to Technology: Exploring Young Adults’ Attachments to Parents, Partners, and Phones

2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110631
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Mosley ◽  
Tom Su ◽  
M. L. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Cell Phone Use ◽  
The Relationship

Cell phone use has become a mainstay in the lives of young adults, with 93% of Millennials owning a smartphone. With the increased accessibility of technology, individuals’ cell phone use may lead to personal distress in various facets of life. Specifically, problematic cell phone use may be the result of attempts to fulfill emotional needs or avoid connection with others. The present study used a systemic, attachment-based lens to investigate the roles of parental and romantic attachment in problematic cell phone use. A sample of 479 young adults (ages 18–26) completed an online survey gauging their cell phone use and attachment styles. Mediation analyzes were run to determine if adult attachment mediates the relationship from parental attachment to problematic cell phone use. The results found that attachment anxiety mediates the relationship between communication and alienation subscales for mother and alienation only for father to problematic cell phone use. Clinical implications are discussed with results informing assessment, prevention, and intervention efforts for individuals, families, and couples.

PARENTING PRACTICES, SOCIAL SKILLS AND PEER RELATIONSHIPS IN ADOLESCENCE

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutger C. M. E. Engels ◽  
Maja Deković ◽  
Wim Meeus
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Peer Relations ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Relationship

The influence of parents on their offsprings' peer relations is not limited to childhood but continues throughout the adolescent years. Little is, however, known about which mechanisms link adolescent functioning in family and peer systems. This study focuses on social skills as a mediator between characteristics of the parent-child relationship and peer relations. Data from a cross-sectional study among 508 12–18-year olds were used for analyses. Findings showed that adolescents' social skills mediated the effects of some parental practices, such as responsiveness, autonomy, cohesion, as well as parental attachment on the degree of peer activity, the attachment to peers and perceived social support from peers to some extent. Nonetheless, direct parental influence on peer relations remained apparent after controlling for the effects of social skills. No effects of gender and age were found. The overall picture is that social skills of adolescents as well as parenting factors, parental attachment and family climate are associated with the quality and intensity of peer relations.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Outbreak and Psychological Distress in Healthcare Workers: The Role of Personality Traits, Attachment Styles, and Sociodemographic Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4992
Author(s):  
Cristina Mazza ◽  
Marco Colasanti ◽  
Eleonora Ricci ◽  
Serena Di Giandomenico ◽  
Daniela Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Depression Score

The COVID-19 outbreak has exposed healthcare professionals (HPs) to increased workloads and a high risk of contagion. The present study aimed at examining the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health of HPs in Italy, investigating the role of attachment style, personality traits, and sociodemographic variables. An online survey was administered from 18 to 22 March 2020. Respondents were 296 HPs (77% female, 23% male; aged 21–77 years). The measures employed were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-BF (PID-5-BF), the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21). The findings showed that PID-5-BF Negative Affect, female gender, and ASQ Preoccupation with Relationships predicted high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, respectively. Furthermore, PID-5-BF Detachment predicted higher psychological distress, as captured in the DASS-21 total score and DASS-21 Depression score, and having an infected loved one was associated with high psychological distress. Overall, the results suggest that HPs are experiencing high rates of psychological distress during the pandemic, and that specific attachment styles and personality traits might be useful in identifying those at greatest risk for developing mental health symptoms.

scholarly journals Familial Effects on Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Across Adolescence and Young Adulthood

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1933-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. Kaufman-Parks ◽  
Alfred DeMaris ◽  
Peggy C. Giordano ◽  
Wendy D. Manning ◽  
Monica A. Longmore
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Ipv Perpetration ◽  
Parent Child

Research suggests violence in the family-of-origin is a consistent predictor of later intimate partner violence (IPV). However, prior empirical studies have also demonstrated that exposure to violence does not lead deterministically to violent behaviors in young adulthood. Given that family context entails more than simply the presence or absence of abuse, additional aspects of family life warrant examination. One such aspect is the quality of the parent–child relationship. Using five waves of data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study ( N = 950 respondents, 443 males and 507 females), the present study examined both main and interactive effects of parent–child physical aggression (PCPA) and parent–child relationship quality (PCRQ) in predicting adolescents’ and young adults’ IPV perpetration. Results indicated that both PCPA and PCRQ were key independent predictors of individuals’ IPV perpetration, but did not interact to produce cumulatively different risk. Important interactions between PCPA and gender, and PCRQ and age were also found.

Mothers' physical abusiveness in a context of violence: Effects on the mother–child relationship

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan G. Timmer ◽  
Dianne Thompson ◽  
Michelle A. Culver ◽  
Anthony J. Urquiza ◽  
Shannon Altenhofen
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Emotional Availability ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Abused Children ◽  
Physically Abused ◽  
Biological Mothers ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
Physically Abused Children

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mothers' physical abusiveness on the quality of the mother–child relationship, and note how it further varied by their exposure to interparental violence (IPV). The sample consisted of 232 clinic-referred children, aged 2 to 7 years, and their biological mothers. Slightly more than a quarter of the children (N = 63, 27.2%) had been physically abused by their mothers; approximately half of these children also had a history of exposure to IPV (N = 34, 54%). Investigating effects of physical abuse in the context of IPV history on mothers' and children's emotional availability, we found that physically abused children with no IPV exposure appeared less optimally emotionally available than physically abused children with an IPV exposure. However, subsequent analyses showed that although dyads with dual-violence exposure showed emotional availability levels similar those of nonabusive dyads, they were more overresponsive and overinvolving, a kind of caregiving controllingness charasteric of children with disorganized attachment styles. These findings lend some support to the notion that the effects of abuse on the parent–child relationship are influenced by the context of family violence, although the effects appear to be complex.

Dreaming About One’s Own Children: An Online Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 027623662110174
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Naiara Cadiñanos Echevarria ◽  
Louise Saint Macary ◽  
Alexandra Francesca Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Emotional Tone ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Way

Social interactions with close persons are very important and one would expect – according to the continuity hypothesis of dreaming – that the dreamer's own children would show up in dreams quite frequently. So far the extent to which dreams include the dreamer’s own children has not been studied systematically. Overall, 1695 persons (960 women, 735 men; age mean: 53.84 ± 13.99 years) completed an online survey that included questions about dreams and waking-life experiences with their children. The findings indicate parents dream about their children in 17% of the remembered dreams, whereas participants without children only dream about having fictive children in the dream in less than 3% of all their recalled dreams. Results indicate that average emotional tone of the dreams with their own children was positive, but dreams might also focus on conflicts and worries as the mean emotional tone within dreams was less positive that the mean estimates of the emotional tone of the waking-life relationship. This first study on the frequency with which a dreamer’s own children appear in their dreams is a starting point to take a closer look at the way the parent-child relationship is reflected in dreams.

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