scholarly journals Technostress in Spanish University Teachers During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Penado Abilleira ◽  
María-Luisa Rodicio-García ◽  
María Paula Ríos-de Deus ◽  
Maria José Mosquera-González
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Previous Theory ◽  
Online Teachers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
The Government

One of the measures adopted by the government of Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic has been the elimination of face-to-face classes in all universities, requiring that all teachers had to conduct their classes in an online mode. The objective of this article is to study how this adaptation among university teachers affected their job performance due to the technostress (objective and subjective) that they may have suffered. Based on the person-environment misfit theory (P-E fit theory), the sample consisted of 239 teachers from face-to-face and online universities in Spain who were asked to identify the type of technostress, feelings of technostress, and impact on job performance as a result of online teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that teachers who suffered the most from the negative consequences of technology have been female teachers from face-to-face universities who are older, have more years of experience, and consequently, hold a higher position. Despite previous results none of the above variables have been significant in explaining the decline in job performance during confinement. It was also observed that although the effect on job performance was similar for online teachers as well as face-to-face teachers, the variables that explained this effect were different. For the online teachers, there was a misfit between the demands and resources, which are explained based on the previous theory (P-E fit theory). Teachers from face-to-face universities pointed to the lack of instructions from their organization, along with subjective feelings of techno-inefficacy, as the reasons behind the decline in job performance during the lockdown period. Looking ahead to future research on the incorporation of information and communications technology in teaching work, it is necessary to consider variables associated with technostress, both objective and subjective, in order to increase the effectiveness of integrating emerging technology into teaching work.

scholarly journals Online Teachers: Stepping out of the Comfort Zone Is a Must

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Amina Abdelhadi
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Online Teachers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
High Level ◽  
Technological Constraints

The urgent shift to the online instructional environment has produced unprecedented challenges for teachers and placed new obligations on them. In this context, the study at hand investigated higher education teachers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of online teaching, their readiness to teach online and their willingness to teach outside their comfort zone. To this end, an online survey was conducted with 24 EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers from various Algerian universities using a questionnaire created in Google Forms. The obtained results reveal that the majority of the EFL teachers perceive online teaching as less effective than face-to-face teaching due to three key factors: technological constraints, learners’ unpreparedness, teachers’ technophobia and health issues. Though it was mandatory for them to teach online at the beginning of the lockdown in March, the teachers’ responses imply a low level of personal and contextual readiness, which, in turn, affected their willingness to teach online. This study highlights the correlation between teachers’ readiness and willingness to teach online. It indicates that a high level of readiness can help the teacher adapt to the change, reduce resistance and ensure the constant extension of their comfort zone. This study ends with some practical suggestions and a number of opportunities for future research.

Online Instructors as Distance Education Experts

2015 ◽  
pp. 167-189
Author(s):  
Libi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Educational Technology ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technology Standards ◽  
Online Instructors ◽  
Online Teachers ◽  
National Educational Technology Standards

An expert is a person with content knowledge and professional skills in a field. Are online teachers distance education experts? What are the main behavioral, cognitive, and emotional characteristics of distance education instructors? What competencies should online instructors possess in order to be distance education experts? In this chapter, the researcher examines National Educational Technology Standards for teachers, National Standards for Quality Online Teaching, and empirical research on teachers' roles and competencies to seek a definition for online instructors as distance education experts. Several issues related to online teachers' competencies and technology standards are discussed. Future research studies are recommended.

scholarly journals Motivational Factors and Job Performance: The Mediating Roles of Employee Engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Hussain Almawali ◽  
Nor Intan Adha Hafit ◽  
Narehan Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This research examines the relationship between motivational factors, job performance, employee engagement and the impact of motivational factors on job performance function of employee engagement as a mediator in the government sector in the Sultanate of Oman. A quantitative study methodology was used, and six hypotheses were evaluated using 111 representative government employees from the Ministry of Education. This study is a pilot test. This study uses quota sampling, and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and path analysis techniques were used for the analysis. The study's findings indicate that these factors have a favorable association, that motivational factors have significant positive relationships with employee engagement and job performance, and that employee engagement acts as a partial mediator in the relationship between motivational factors and job performance. This study is critical for leaders and regulators interested in enhancing job performance in Oman's public sector. This is one of the few studies on the mediating function of employee engagement in the link between motivational variables and job performance. This is the first research of its kind in Oman for the public sector. Other motivational variables could be examined and evaluated in the private sector in Future research.

Impact of the COVID-19 on Higher Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Francisco José García-Peñalvo ◽  
Alfredo Corell ◽  
Ricardo Rivero-Ortega ◽  
María J. Rodríguez-Conde ◽  
Nicolás Rodríguez-García
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Academic Year

The COVID-19 outbreak has a considerable impact on all business domains worldwide, almost with negative consequences. The digital transformation was already a requirement for all governments and institutions that this pandemic has accelerated to solve the confinement and the limitations to work and share the same spaces. Face-to-face higher education institutions moved towards an urgent and unplanned online teaching. After having closed one of the processes that has had the most significant impact on universities, the time has come to reflect and draw conclusions that will serve to face these institutions' future. A crisis always represents risks but also opportunities to change from a disruptive situation. This chapter reflects universities' futures from a strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats approach with the perspective of the experiences lived during the end of the 2019-2020 academic year by some face-to-face universities in Spain.

What Teachers Should and Shouldn't Do During Online Teaching

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-186
Author(s):  
Ka Long Roy Chan
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Online Teachers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Mixed Feeling ◽  
Education In Hong Kong

COVID-19 has influenced teaching all across the globe. The massive use of online learning has created a problem with teachers because of the differences between face-to-face teaching and online teaching. In this chapter, a discussion on how traditional face-to-face teaching differs from online teaching will be shown. How education in Hong Kong is affected by COVID-19 is also summarized. Additionally, the result of a case study in a linguistics course in a university in Hong Kong will be shown to demonstrate the attitudes of students regarding online learning. The mixed-method case study, which consists of survey data of 100 students and semi-structured interviews of eight students, showed that students hold a general mixed feeling towards online learning because of its drawbacks, such as lack of interactions despite the convenience that online learning provides. This chapter ends with a list of suggestions for online teachers.

scholarly journals Level of proficiency and professional development needs in peripheral online teaching roles

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes González-Sanmamed ◽  
Pablo-César Muñoz-Carril ◽  
Albert Sangra
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Quality Teaching ◽  
Teaching Competencies ◽  
Online Teachers ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Professional Development Needs

<p>Teaching in virtual environments demands mastery of several teaching competencies. Although the most accepted ones are pedagogical, in order to successfully teach online it becomes necessary to acquire and develop some other competencies, sometimes referred to as peripheral roles (Denis et al., 2004). The aim of this study is to analyse perceptions on the level of proficiency that online teachers have regarding these peripheral roles (social, evaluator, manager, technologist, advisor/counsellor, personal, and researcher), and their professional development needs required to improve their online teaching competencies. A questionnaire was specifically created and validated by experts, and data was gathered from 166 university teachers. The findings show that teachers highlight the importance of the peripheral roles for quality teaching, and thus, professional development programmes should be based on a balance between central and peripheral roles to better train online teachers and increase the quality of their teaching.</p>

scholarly journals Virtualization of Higher Education during COVID-19: A Successful Case Study in Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6583
Author(s):  
Saida Affouneh ◽  
Zuheir N. Khlaif ◽  
Daniel Burgos ◽  
Soheil Salha
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Successful Case ◽  
Media Data

The purpose of the study is to explore students’ and faculty members’ responses to universities’ migration from face-to-face to online instruction as a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis. To this extent, a qualitative approach was used for data collection and involved a number of qualitative methods: an open-ended question survey, focus group discussion, social media data, and university reports. Additionally, a thematic analysis was used for data analysis. The findings of the study reveal that students and faculty members were overwhelmed and stressed at the beginning, but as they started to acclimate to it, faculty members were satisfied. However, students seemed to be dissatisfied with this new approach to learning. Furthermore, faculty members and students both mentioned different challenges they had faced. The study reports on the technological tools used to mitigate the emerging challenges of both students and faculty members. Evaluating and assessing students was a main challenge for faculty members as the study analyzes the assessment and evaluation tools that they use in their online teaching. Comparative studies from Palestine and other countries are suggested for future research.

scholarly journals Constraints for Assessment of Psychomotor Domain (Reading Surah al-Maidah verses 2-3) in Grade 6 SDN 2 Bantarwuni during the Covid-19 Pandemic

AS-SABIQUN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Muhamad Restu Fauzi ◽  
Isna Imroatuz Zakiyati ◽  
Ahmad Qomar Qomarudin
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Online Teaching And Learning ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Psychomotor Domain

Covid-19 has many negative effects on education. The government took an emergency policy in the form of school from home. Because of this policy, online teaching and learning activities are carried out from home. However, the reality in the field, such as what happened in SDN 2 Bantarwuni, there are several obstacles such as what happened in the psychomotor domain assessment process in reading surah al-Maidah verses 2-3. This study aims to: (1) Understand how the psychomotor domain assessment process in reading al-Maidah verse 2-3 at SDN 2 Bantarwuni; (2) Understand the conditions and constraints faced in the assessment of the psychomotor domain in reading al-Maidah verses 2-3 at SDN 2 Bantarwuni. This research is a qualitative field research. The method of data collection was done by observation at SDN 2 Bantarwuni and documentation. The results of this study: (1) The assessment process was carried out according to the procedure, except that there were some students who did not submit the assessment assignment; (2) The obstacles faced are the lack of effort from students and parents to collect assignments via the WhatsApp application or directly carry out face-to-face assessments at school.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Perceptions of the Transition from Onsite to Online Teaching during the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-422
Author(s):  
Luu Nguyen Quoc Hung
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Online Teachers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Traditional Classroom Teaching ◽  
Temporary Closure

Educational systems worldwide have been affected by government restrictions imposed in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, causing the temporary closure of many educational institutions. The new condition has forced teachers to make the transition from onsite to online teaching. The current study used a descriptive method to examine online teachers’ perceptions towards online teaching during the transition to online learning at a center for foreign languages in Vietnam. The results reveal that teachers have a relatively positive perception of online teaching, although many typical problems of online teaching do present themselves and the effectiveness of online teaching does not always compare favorably with traditional classroom teaching. Teachers’ suggestions are significant for improving online teaching quality. Online teaching is highly likely here to stay and will continue to improve. The transition from traditional face-to-face classrooms to online teaching can be successfully achieved and its quality can be ensured if challenges and ways of improving online learning continue to be closely examined.

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