scholarly journals The Mediational Role of Self-Support Personality in the Association of Family Function and School Belonging in Adolescents

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhendong Yao ◽  
Lu Pang ◽  
Jin Xie ◽  
Wei Xiang ◽  
Huiying Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Cohesion ◽  
School Belonging ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Function ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
The Impact

Some previous studies have explored the impact of family function on school belonging. However, little is known about the parallel mediating relationship underlying them. This study aims to investigate the formation mechanism of school beginning in a sample of Chinese adolescents and examined the parallel mediating role of interpersonal self-support and individual self-support in the link between family function and school belonging. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four schools of the district of Hunan province in China, and 741 students were surveyed using cluster sampling. Family cohesion and adaptability scale (FACES), Adolescent students self-supporting personality scale (SSPS-AS), School belonging scale were applied. The results indicated that interpersonal self-support and individual self-support, together, and uniquely, parallel mediated the relationship between family function and school belonging. It can be concluded that family function not only has direct effects on school belonging but also has indirect effects through interpersonal self-support and individual self-support.

scholarly journals Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Barello ◽  
Rosario Caruso ◽  
Lorenzo Palamenghi ◽  
Tiziana Nania ◽  
Federica Dellafiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Patient Engagement ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed. Results The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501). Conclusions These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Microbiome in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients and the Impact of Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Liliana Simões-Silva ◽  
Ricardo Araujo ◽  
Manuel Pestana ◽  
Isabel Soares-Silva ◽  
Benedita Sampaio-Maia
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peritoneal Tissue ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Impact

Factors influencing the occurrence of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infections are still far from fully understood. Recent studies described the existence of specific microbiomes in body sites previously considered microbiome-free, unravelling new microbial pathways in the human body. In the present study, we analyzed the peritoneum of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients to determine if they harbored a specific microbiome and if it is altered in patients on PD therapy. We conducted a cross-sectional study where the peritoneal microbiomes from ESKD patients with intact peritoneal cavities (ESKD non-PD, n = 11) and ESKD patients undergoing PD therapy (ESKD PD, n = 9) were analyzed with a 16S rRNA approach. Peritoneal tissue of ESKD patients contained characteristically low-abundance microbiomes dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Patients undergoing PD therapy presented lower species richness, with dominance by the Pseudomonadaceae and Prevotelaceae families. This study provides the first characterization of the peritoneal microbiome in ESKD patients, bringing new insight to the human microbiome. Additionally, PD therapy may induce changes in this unique microbiome. The clinical relevance of these observations should be further explored to uncover the role of the peritoneal microbiome as a key element in the onset or aggravation of infection in ESKD patients, especially those undergoing PD.

scholarly journals Reported Growth Following Mountaineering Expeditions: The Role of Personality and Perceived Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 933-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Smith ◽  
F. Kinnafick ◽  
S. J. Cooley ◽  
G. M. Sandal
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Impact

Results from previous studies suggest that stressful environmental conditions such as those faced on expedition may result in psychological growth. Building on previous research, the present cross-sectional study examined the role of personality and perceived stress in relation to post-expedition growth. Eighty-three participants who had completed a mountaineering expedition responded to measures of stress, personality, growth, well-being, and resilience. Findings implicate perceived stress, and personality dimensions of agreeableness and openness, in post-expedition growth. Growth was associated with well-being but distinct from psychological resilience, highlighting the need to consider growth and resilience independently. Present findings support the proposition that stressful expedition environments may promote positive psychological adjustment and identify factors that may influence this change. Research is needed to delineate the impact of other variables, such as coping, on changes that occurs during the post-expedition phase. Such research holds relevance for maintaining health following immersion in extreme and unusual environments.

scholarly journals How Does Religious Commitment Affect Satisfaction with Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Examining Depression, Anxiety, and Stress as Mediators

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Orhan Koçak
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Religious Commitment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mediation And Moderation

The effect of religiosity on individuals is seen more in stressful situations. Religion strengthens people in coping with the issues given rise by COVID-19 due to its contributions, such as reducing death fear and giving hope. The impact of religious commitment on COVID-19 fear, psychological consequences, and satisfaction with life levels in the COVID-19 period is investigated. To measure this impact of religious commitment, a cross-sectional study was designed with 2810 adults in Turkey. For this purpose, religious commitment, COVID-19 fear, DASS-21, and satisfaction with life scales were used. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted to test the formed hypotheses. First, the impact of religious commitment on satisfaction with life with depression, anxiety, and stress was tested. Then, the moderating impact of COVID-19 fear in terms of the effect of religious commitment on satisfaction with life was analyzed. Finally, the role of depression’s mediation and COVID-19 fear’s moderation in terms of the impact of religious commitment on satisfaction with life was found. It was found that satisfaction with life decreased more in those with high COVID-19 fear than those with low COVID-19 fear; additionally, religious commitment increased satisfaction with life by reducing depression.

scholarly journals Associations of Maternal-Infant Bonding with Maternal Mental Health, Infant’s Characteristics and Socio-Demographical Variables in the Early Postpartum Period: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8517
Author(s):  
Łucja Bieleninik ◽  
Karolina Lutkiewicz ◽  
Mariusz Cieślak ◽  
Joanna Preis-Orlikowska ◽  
Mariola Bidzan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Postpartum Bonding ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: There is a continuing discussion concerning the impact of preterm birth on Maternal-Infant bonding with inconsistent results. The large burden of preterm births calls for research to evaluate the impact of it on material psychological outcome in the early postpartum period. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between maternal postpartum bonding with maternal mental health, socio-demographical factors, and child’s characteristics. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. In total, 72 women (a mean age of 31.44 years old) of preterm infants (mean gestational age = 33.54; range 24–36) filled out socio-demographic questionnaires, Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), and Parental Stress Scale (PSS) 1–3 days post-delivery; (3) Results: The results analyses have shown positive correlations between the overall result of maternal postpartum bonding with stress (p < 0.01), maternal educational level (p < 0.01), maternal age (p < 0.05) and the number of children (p < 0.01). However, there were no significant relationships between other investigated variables. The results of linear regression have revelated the important role of the overall scores in experience of stress among mothers (explaining 49% of the variability). The mediating role of maternal stress on maternal postpartum bonding was not found. That relationship of maternal postpartum bonding and maternal stress was not moderated through socio-demographic variables. (4) Conclusions: In this study mothers of prematurely born children had a good level of Maternal-Infant bonding. Maternal stress was found to be a predictor of maternal postpartum bonding among the tested variables. Surprisingly, the study results did not show significant relationships between maternal postpartum bonding and maternal mental health (depression and anxiety).

scholarly journals Level of Self Esteem Among Medical Students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan (IIUM) and Its Association With Religiosity

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Azwanis Abdul Hadi ◽  
Amirah Amiruddin ◽  
Nurul Fitri Mustapa ◽  
Muhammadi ‘Adil Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Medicine is one of the most difficult academic course that faces many psychological challenges. A high level of self-esteem is needed to cope with such challenges, and religiosity is seen as one of the approaches to increase one’s self esteem especially among Muslim medical students. This study aims to measure the level of self esteem among medical students and its association with religiosity. This online cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuantan medical students using validated 10-items IIUM Religiosity Scale (IIUMReIS), and 10-items Rosenberg Self esteem Scale (RSES). Descriptive statistics was used to measure the level of self esteem while chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s correlation, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the association between self esteem with the predictors. More than half of the students (58.5%) have a high level of self esteem. They scored an average of 35 (IQR = 6) in terms of religiosity. Those with higher religiosity were predicted to have significantly high self esteem (r = 0.345). Other significant factor includes, frequency of voluntary prayer where daily practice has 0.3 lower odds of having low self esteem. (95% CI = 0.11, 0.85, p = 0.05) Majority of the students have a high level of self esteem. Implications suggest the role of religiosity and the impact of voluntary prayer. Early and consistent strengthening of self esteem via motivational, spiritual and religious programs may be advisable.

scholarly journals Level of Self Esteem among Medical Students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan (IIUM) and its Association with Religiosity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Amirah Amiruddin ◽  
Nurul Fitri Mustapa ◽  
Azwanis Abdul Hadi ◽  
Muhammad ‘Adil Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Self-esteem is an essential aspect of wellbeing particularly for medical students who are susceptible to mental disorders. In Islam, self-esteem is built based on both revelation by Allah and human’s effort. With the increasing study in terms of religiosity and self-esteem, the role of religiosity as possible protective factor for Muslim medical students in their life, is a steppingstone towards becoming competent Muslim professionals.Objectives: This study aims to measure the level of self-esteem among medical students and its association with religiosity.Methods: This online cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuantan medical students using validated 10-items IIUM Religiosity Scale (IIUMReIS), and 10-items Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Descriptive statistics was used to measure the level of self-esteem while chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s correlation, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the association between self-esteem with the predictors.Results: More than half of the students (58.5%) have a high level of self-esteem. They scored an average of 35 (IQR = 6) in terms of religiosity. Those with higher religiosity were predicted to have significantly high self-esteem (r = 0.345). Other significant factor includes, frequency of voluntary prayer where daily practice has 0.3 lower odds of having low self-esteem. (95% CI = 0.11, 0.85, p = <0.05)Conclusion: Majority of the students have a high level of self-esteem. Implications of the role of religiosity and the impact of voluntary prayer were suggested. Early and consistent strengthening of self-esteem via motivational, spiritual and religious programs may be advisable.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2021 Page: S27

scholarly journals The Role of Gilts in Transmission Dynamics of Swine Influenza Virus and Impacts of Vaccination Strategies and Quarantine Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Ryt-Hansen ◽  
Henriette Guldberg Nielsen ◽  
Simon Smed Sørensen ◽  
Inge Larsen ◽  
Charlotte Sonne Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Along with an expanding global swine production, the commercial housing and management of swine herds, provide an optimal environment for constant circulation of swine influenza virus (swIAV), thereby challenging farmers and veterinarian in determining optimal control measures. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of gilts in the swIAV transmission dynamics, and to evaluate the impact of different control measures such as quarantine and gilt vaccination. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study in ten Danish sow herds, including five swIAV vaccinated and five unvaccinated herds. Blood- and nasal swab samples of gilts, first parity sows, and piglets were collected in different stable units of the production system and analyzed for the presence of swIAV and swIAV antibodies. Associations between the detection of swIAV, seroprevalence, antibody levels, quarantine measures and vaccination strategy were thereafter investigated to identify possible risk factors for swIAV introductions and persistence within the herds.Nine of the ten herds had gilts or litters of first parity sows testing positive for swIAV, and swIAV was detected in both the quarantine, mating- and farrowing unit. The seroprevalence were generally higher in the vaccinated herds, but swIAV was still present in nasal swabs from both gilts and piglets in these herds. Notably, the results revealed that having positive gilts in the end of the quarantine increased the risk of having positive one-week-old litters in the farrowing unit by 2.5 times. These results underline that gilts are important contributors to the continuous circulation of swIAV. Additionally, the recorded vaccination schedules along with quarantine and biosecurity measures were far from optimal emphasizing a needed focus on these factors if control of pathogens such as swIAV is desired.

scholarly journals Racial discrimination and biological dysregulation among Indigenous adults: The role of culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Racial discrimination is an ongoing social concern that requires public health solidarity to address. Indigenous peoples in many countries report high levels of discrimination across a variety of life domains, particularly when they migrate into urban centres for school or work. Discrimination has wide-ranging impacts that go beyond mental distress to include alterations in stress biomarkers across multiple systems. This study examined the impacts of discrimination on multisystem biological dysregulation among urban Indigenous adults in Canada, operationalized through allostatic load; and the role that Indigenous cultural continuity might play in resilience. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data from 150 Indigenous adults attending university in a small city in western Canada between 2015 and 2017 (M age: 28 years). Allostatic load (AL) was measured as a composite of 7 biomarkers assessing neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune system function. Bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrapped linear regression models examined associations adjusted for confounders. Results Past-year discrimination was significantly and linearly associated with increased AL adjusting for age and income (B = 0.17, p = 0.02). Among adults with low cultural continuity, past-year discrimination was associated with AL in models adjusted for age and child discrimination (B = 0.17, p = 0.01), with past-year discrimination and the full model explaining 24% and 41% of the variance in AL; respectively. Among adults with high cultural continuity, past-year discrimination was not associated with AL, and the full model explained 1% of the variance in AL. Conclusions Past-year racial discrimination was an adverse event capable of influencing multisystem biological dysregulation among Indigenous adults, independent of age and income. Indigenous cultural continuity may promote biological resilience against racism within this population. Key messages Racial discrimination was associated with multisystem biological dysregulation among urban Indigenous adults, controlling for age and income. Indigenous cultural continuity buffered the impact of discrimination on biological health.

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