scholarly journals Survey on the Progression of Myopia in Children and Adolescents in Chongqing During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wujiao Wang ◽  
Lu Zhu ◽  
Shijie Zheng ◽  
Yan Ji ◽  
Yongguo Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Outdoor Activity ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Uncorrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic restricts children and adolescents from doing normal daily activities such as playing outdoors and going to school. The incidence and prevalence of myopia have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the impact of the home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic on the progression of myopia among children and adolescents in Chongqing, China.Methods: The survey was conducted by using stratified samplings. Samples were randomly selected from the 2019 National Student Physique and Health Survey database, and their visual function and refractive data were compared with those in 2020. Vision-related behavior questionnaire including digital screen exposure was applied to investigate the correlation between eye parameter and eye health-related behavior.Results: A total of 1,733 and 1,728 students were enrolled in 2020 and 2019, respectively. The percentage of myopia students was 55.02% in 2020, which was higher than that in 2019 (44.62%). The mean uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA, LogMAR, 0.35 ± 0.42) in 2020 was higher than that in 2019 (0.27 ± 0.36, P < 0.001). The mean spherical equivalent (SE) refraction (−1.94 ± 2.13 D) in 2020 was lower than that in 2019 (−1.64 ± 5.49 D, P < 0.001). For students who used digital devices for online courses, the mean SE in the television group (−1.10 ± 1.49 D) was better than that in the computer group (−2.03 ± 2.37 D, P = 0.0017) and in the cell phone group (−2.02 ± 2.09 D, P = 0.0028). The average duration of online classes (r = −0.27, P < 0.0001), the number of online classes per day (r = −0.33, P < 0.0001), as well as digital screen exposure time (r = −0.20, P < 0.0001) were negatively correlated with SE, and the average time of outdoor activity (r = 0.20, P < 0.0001) was positively correlated with SE.Conclusions: Increased digital screen exposure contributes to myopic progression in children and adolescents of Chongqing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Suitable digital devices should be provided for online classes and outdoor activity should be advocated to prevent myopic pandemic.

scholarly journals Impact of dental caries on oral health related quality of life among preschool children: perceptions of parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Pakkhesal ◽  
Elham Riyahi ◽  
AliAkbar Naghavi Alhosseini ◽  
Parisa Amdjadi ◽  
Nasser Behnampour
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Childhood dental caries can affect the children’s and their parents’ oral health-related quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of oral and dental health conditions on the oral health-related quality of life in preschool children and their parents. Methods In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, samples were selected from children 3 to 6 years old enrolled in licensed kindergartens using "proportional allocation" sampling. Then, the parents of the children were asked to complete the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Results In this study, 350 children aged 3 to 6 years were evaluated with a mean age of 4.73 years. The mean dmft index (decayed, missed, and filled teeth) was 3.94 ± 4.17. The mean score of oral health-related quality of life was 11.88 ± 6.9, which 9.36 ± 5.02 belongs to the impact on children and 2.52 ± 3.20 to parents' impact. Conclusions The mean score of ECOHIS increased with the dmft index increase in children, indicating a significant relationship between the dmft and ECOHIS score. These outcomes can be used as proper resources to develop preventive policies and promote oral health in young children.

Association of obesity and health related quality of life in Iranian children and adolescents: the Weight Disorders Survey of the CASPIAN-IV study

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silva Hovsepian ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Aryan Madady ◽  
Morteza Mansourian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Hrqol Score ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Iranian Children

AbstractBackground:Considering the role of different ethnical, cultural and geographical factors in health related quality of life (HRQOL) as well as the perception of different populations regarding various weight disorders, we aimed to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and HRQOL in Iranian children and adolescents.Methods:This cross-sectional study was part of the Weight Disorders Survey of the CASPIAN-IV study. During this study, students aged 6–18 years from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran were selected. HRQOL of the students was evaluated by using the Persian version of the Pediatric Quality of Life inventory (PedsQL™ 4.0™ 4.0) Generic Core Scales. The mean of total HRQOL and its subscales were compared in underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese students.Results:The mean of total HRQOL, physical functioning and psychological functioning scores in the total population were 83.31, 84.25 and 82.79, respectively. The mean of the total HRQOL score and the psychosocial score were significantly lower in underweight students aged 6–12 years than in other groups (p<0.05). The mean of the total HRQOL score and psychosocial score were significantly lower in obese students aged 13–18 years than in other groups (p<0.05). Overweight and obesity was negatively associated with total HRQOL, psychosocial and school functioning subscales (p<0.05). There was a significant negative association between emotional functioning and obesity (p<0.05).Conclusions:The findings or this study support the importance of personal perception and cultural norm roles in HRQOL. Given the association between weight disorders and psychosocial health, it is suggested that social and cultural factors have a more crucial role in the HRQOL of children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Tobacco smoking and associated factors among people living with HIV in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen Dadirai Mdege ◽  
Fredrick Edward Makumbi ◽  
Ronald Ssenyonga ◽  
Frances Thirlway ◽  
Joseph Matovu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Smoking Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction This study aimed to assess smoking patterns, behaviours and associated factors among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults in HIV care in Uganda. Descriptive statistics were used to describe smoking patterns and behaviours. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with current smoking status. Results We recruited 777 participants between October and November 2019: 387 (49.8%) current smokers and 390 (50.2%) non-smokers. 60.9% were males, and the mean age was 40.5 (SD 10.7) years. In multivariate logistic regression, the following increased the odds of being a current smoker: being male (OR 6.60 (95%CI= 4.34 to 10.04)), having at least two smokers among five closest friends (OR 3.97 (95%CI= 2.08 to 7.59)), living in smoking-permitted households (OR 5.83 (95%CI= 3.32 to 10.23)), alcohol use (OR 3.96 (95%CI= 2.34 to 6.71)), a higher perceived stress score (OR 2.23 (95%CI= 1.50 to 3.34)), and higher health-related quality of life (OR 5.25 (95%CI= 1.18 to 23.35)). Among smokers, the mean Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence score was 3.0 (SD 1.9), and 52.5% were making plans to quit. Self-efficacy to resist smoking and knowledge of the impact of smoking on PLWH’s health were low. Conclusions Being male, having at least two smokers among five closest friends, living in smoking-permitted households, alcohol use, higher perceived stress scores and higher health-related quality of life were associated with being a current smoker. Smokers had low to moderate nicotine dependence, high willingness to quit, and low self-efficacy. Implications Future behavioural smoking cessation interventions for PLWH should address co-consumption with alcohol and comorbid mental health conditions that are common among PLWH such as stress. In addition, they should take into account the lack of knowledge among this population of the impact of smoking on their health, and low self-efficacy. Given the relatively low levels of nicotine dependency and high levels of willingness to quit in our sample, smoking cessation interventions, if offered, are likely to support this population in achieving long-term smoking abstinence.

scholarly journals Online Learning Benefits and Challenges During the COVID 19 - Pandemic-Students’ Perspective from SEEU

SEEU Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-103
Author(s):  
Brikena Xhaferi ◽  
Gëzim Xhaferi
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
East European ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Student Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Online learning is becoming a commonplace in different settings starting from elementary, secondary and higher levels of education. Different educational institutions use different communication tools to promote learning because the expansive nature of the Internet and the accessibility of technology have generated a surge in the demand for web-based teaching and learning across the nations (Chaney, 2010). The online teaching and learning have become a necessity for education around the globe during COVID 19-pandemic. There are several challenges which are faced during online classes because the students must have strong self-motivation skills and be very disciplined to achieve the desired learning results. This paper presents and analyzes the data on the benefits and challenges of online teaching at South East European University (SEEU) during COVID 19 pandemic. The participants of the study are students of the BA level majoring in English Language and Literature and German Language and Literature at SEEU in Tetovo, North Macedonia. To answer the research questions, we have used a student questionnaire, interviews, and student reflection papers written during the online courses. Overall, the research indicates that benefits of online coursework outweigh the challenges that students face during the online classes. From a safety perspective, this study emphasizes the need to consider the impact of online teaching on student motivation and the paper raises important questions about how to best support students enrolled in online courses. Further research is needed in order to better evaluate the benefits, challenges, and useful strategies of successful students enrolled in online courses.

scholarly journals Oral Health Related Quality of Life in an Adult Jamaican Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Brown ◽  
Candace Lockhart ◽  
Biney Thomas ◽  
Rafaela Rech
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of sociodemographic characteristics, oral health status and behaviours on Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) on an adult Jamaican population. Methods Adults who presented for treatment at the UWI Mona Dental Polyclinic participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants responded to a structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic and oral hygiene habits and were also examined for the presence of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT). OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis, univariate and multiple Poisson Regression with robust variance were performed to identify the factors impacting OHRQoL. Results The study sample consisted of 120 adults between the ages of 18-59 years. The mean OHIP-14 score was 9.81 (±9.06), 24% presented impaired OHRQoL and 76% presented frequent impaired OHRQoL. The most prevalent domain was physical pain (80%) followed by psychological discomfort (59%) and the mean DMFT score was 9.92 (±8.78). In the adjusted logistic regression, participants aged between 29-46 years (PR 0.58, CI 0.37-0.90, p= 0.016) and the use of fluoride toothpaste (PR 0.52, 95%, CI 0.35- 0.77, p = 0.001) were negatively associated with OHRQoL. Conclusion Physical pain was the dimension that most impacted domain in OHRQoL. The most negative OHRQoL was associated with the 29 to 46 years age-group and the use of fluoride toothpaste. These findings are important for oral health strategies in this population.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Children and Adolescents Mental Health: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Dipa Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Behaviour Score ◽  
The Impact

The emergence of a new Coronavirus Disease 2019-2022 has turned the globe down and disrupted main determinants of health. The world constitutes by more than 2.2 billion children, which is approximately 28% of the world's population. Compare to adult, this pandemic has a long -term adverse consequences among children and adolescents. The objective of this literature review was to examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescent’s mental health. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched from 07 April 2021 to 22 April 2021. A systematic literature search was performed in accordance with PRISMA and 07 literatures were selected. Among 16,169 samples, the mean percentage of male was higher 5 by 6.11% than female of 43.89%. Depression was mentioned in three studies and the percentages were 43.7% (n=8079), 22.6% (n=2330), and 22.8% (n=3613). Anxiety was mentioned in four studies and the percentages were 37.4% (n=8079), 18.9% (n=2330), and 23.87 ± 15.79 and 29.27 ± 19.79 (n=3613) and in one study according to CAQ and NRS, the level of anxiety was 19.4% and 21.8%. The combination of anxiety and depression was 31.3%. One study mentioned that pro social behaviour score was higher in females than males. In other two studies, various psychological symptoms are mentioned such as worry, fear, helplessness, boredom, difficulty in concentration, irritability, restlessness, nervousness, feeling of loneliness and uneasiness. These psychological symptoms have long-term effect on child’s health. Therefore, as a nurse, we should take care of the child and aware that the child and their parents regarding various psychological problems and its management.

scholarly journals Quality of life among children from São Paulo, Brazil: the impact of demographic, family and socioeconomic variables

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Ascenção Klatchoian ◽  
Claudio A. Len ◽  
Maria Teresa R. A. Terreri ◽  
Maria Odete E. Hilário
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pedsql 4.0 ◽  
The Impact

The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 4.0 is a questionnaire that evaluates the health related quality of life of children and adolescents, considering different aspects of their development, including the physical, emotional, social and educational. We verified the impact of demographic, social, and economic factors, as well as the family situation, on the health related quality of life of a group of school children of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The PedsQL 4.0 was applied to 240 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 and their respective parents. More than two thirds of the families were from lower social strata (C, D, and E). A statistically significant difference was observed in scores when evaluating the health related quality of life across socioeconomic strata and we observed statistically significant differences in the emotional, social, psychosocial and total scores. The PedsQL 4.0 scores obtained through interviews were satisfactory when compared with other urban populations of children and adolescents, probably due to the homogeneity of the population studied.

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