Internet of Things (IoT) Enabled Architecture for Social Distancing During Pandemic

Social distancing has been regarded as a key method by the authorities worldwide to manage the pandemic of COVID-19. Digital technologies play a crucial role to support the social, professional and economic activities when people are forced to stay locked-down in their homes. Internet of things (IoT) technologies have a track of providing high quality remote health care and automation services which could guarantee social distancing while maintaining health and well-being of populations. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end IoT architecture to support the social distancing in the event of pandemic. The architecture comprises of the major use cases of IoT in relevance with the COVID-19. Furthermore, we also present a short-term and long-term strategy to mange the social distancing methodology using the proposed IoT architecture. The challenges associated with each layer of architecture have been highlighted and design guidelines have been presented to deal with them.

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Teenage mothers: a long-term view on their well-being

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.137 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

A M G van Tintelen ◽

S H Bolt ◽

D E M C Jansen

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Online Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

Teenage Mothers ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Teenage Childbearing ◽

Short Term ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

The Social

Abstract Background This study aims to address the lack of information about teenage mothers in different stages of their lives by exploring how they are doing in the long term and the social support they receive. Methods From December 2018 to February 2019 teenage mothers in the Netherlands were recruited by Fiom (an expert centre for unintended pregnancy), via social media and a website for teenage mothers (n = 248). Using an online survey, data were obtained to assess various outcomes, such as well-being, education, work, income, housing and social support. Respondents were divided into three groups: 0-3 years after teenage childbearing (short-term), 4-12 years (medium-term), >12 years (long-term). Results were analysed using univariate and bivariate descriptions in SPSS. Results Almost 80% of the respondents reported that they were doing well and were satisfied with their life. 63.3% had a job, and 17.0% was enrolled in education. Short-term mothers worked fewer hours per week compared to long-term mothers (p < 0.001). 85.1% of the respondents reported that they received benefits, short-term mothers receiving more benefits than long-term mothers (p < 0.001). The majority (78.2%) was satisfied with their living conditions; short-term mothers were less satisfied than long-term mothers (p = 0.031). 36.3% of the respondents smoked cigarettes. Most support was given by family (83.1%), mainly from female relatives. About 24% of the respondents received formal support. Conclusions This study shows that teenage mothers, on average, were doing well and were satisfied with their life, in both the short and long term. Regarding income and housing, short-term mothers were in a less favourable position. These results suggest that as the years pass, teenage mothers overcome difficulties. Since the association between well-being and social support on the long term is unknown, we advise investigating the effect of social support on the outcomes of teenage childbearing. Key messages Both in the short-term and the long-term, most teenage mothers were doing well and satisfied with life. Regarding housing and income, short-term mothers function less well compared to long-term mothers.

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The Impact of Covid-19 on the Play of 3- to 10-year-old Children

10.31234/osf.io/89fs4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cara DiYanni

Keyword(s):

Screen Time ◽

Well Being ◽

Free Play ◽

Outdoor Play ◽

Short Term ◽

The Impact ◽

Health And Well Being

This study explored the impact of COVID-19 on the play of 3- to 10-year-old children. A survey of 67 parents of 79 children and interviews with 37 of those children revealed a few prominent trends in how the pandemic has affected play. First, children’s outdoor play increased in frequency from before the pandemic to the time spent in quarantine, and levels of outdoor play remained significantly higher in the fall months following quarantine. Similarly, the amount of unstructured, free play that children engaged in increased during quarantine, and remained significantly more common after quarantine than it was before the pandemic. Finally, screen time levels skyrocketed during quarantine, and remained higher in the fall months than they were pre-pandemic. These findings have implications for both parents and teachers in terms of assessing the impact of COVID-19 – both short-term and long-term – on the health and well-being of their children.

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The Impact of COVID-19 on the Play of 3- to 10-year-old Children

10.31234/osf.io/mzasw ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cara DiYanni

Keyword(s):

Screen Time ◽

Well Being ◽

Free Play ◽

Outdoor Play ◽

Short Term ◽

The Impact ◽

Health And Well Being

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Climate change, human health and well-being in Yakutia

Pediatrician (St Petersburg) ◽

10.17816/ped5470-76 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 70-76

Author(s):

Viktor Pavlovich Shadrin ◽

Tatyana Yegorovna Burtseva ◽

Sergey Lvovich Avrusin ◽

Irina Vladimirovna Solodkova

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Weather Forecast ◽

Well Being ◽

Rural Settlements ◽

Short Term ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Face To Face ◽

Everyday Activities ◽

Health And Well Being

The study was designed as a community survey conducted face-to-face with an in-person interview. The 145 subjects living in 8 rural settlements were reviewed. Data presented show that in total the most impressive changes are registered for the following signs: thinner ice on rivers, water and ice in rivers more muddy, the number of sunny days greater, more difficult to predict good weather and beginning of spring, rivers and sea covered with ice later, hunting, fishing, gathering mushrooms and berries is not so successful and quantity of mosquitoes is greater than it has been 5 years ago. Everyday activities of hunters, fishermen and herders living in Yakutia have changed during the last 5 years due to climate change. People living in the central part of Yakutia are affected to a greater extent, which is associated with faster warming. Those changes are supposed to be the sources of the problems with long-term and short-term weather forecast, difficulties to travel along tundra and forest, reindeer grazing, problems with fishing, hunting, gathering mushrooms and berries. Tendencies of infant mortality and morbidity in the studied regions are not associated with climate change and though the morbidity in Yakutia has a tendency to grow both in adults’ and in children’s populations mostly due to increase in prevalence of the diseases of the respiratory, circulatory and digestive system, this fact can hardly be associated with climate change.

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In Sickness and in Health: Dyadic Perspectives on Health and Well-Being Among Older Couples

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 648-648

Author(s):

Courtney Polenick

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Later Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Drinking Patterns ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Health Related ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract This session will incorporate a variety of dyadic methods to explore the multifaceted ways that older spouses shape their own and their partners’ health and well-being. First, Dr. Karen Lyons will consider the roles of communication, collaborative decision-making, and social support in shaping the mental health of couples managing chronic pain. Her comparative dyadic analysis highlights the value of collaborative illness management in optimizing couples’ mental health. Dr. Courtney Polenick will then describe how chronic condition discordance (i.e., the extent to which two or more conditions have non-overlapping self-management requirements) within individuals and between spouses is linked to perceived control among couples over an8-year period. This study reveals that more complex patterns of chronic conditions within couples have particularly detrimental implications for women’s perceptions of control over their own health and other life domains. Next, Dr. Kira Birditt will examine the long-term effects of spouses’ similar drinking patterns (i.e., concordance). Although drinking concordance may enhance marital satisfaction, she will explain how it can have enduring negative consequences for cardiovascular health among middle-aged men. Dr. Joan Monin will then explain the short-term benefits of laughter for blood pressure among couples during lab-based spousal support interactions. Finally, Dr. Amy Rauer will discuss how spouses react to one another’s health-related support attempts using in-depth qualitative interviews conducted with both members of the couple. Taken together, these studies underscore the importance of evaluating dynamic short-term and long-term health-related influences among couples in middle and later life. Dyadic Research on Health and Illness Across the Adult Lifespan Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.

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Intraindividual Variability and Stability of Affect and Well-Being

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000094 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 185-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Christina Röcke ◽

Annette Brose

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Emotional Experiences ◽

Short Term ◽

Regulatory Processes ◽

Functional Implications ◽

Methodological Approaches ◽

Underlying Processes

Whereas subjective well-being remains relatively stable across adulthood, emotional experiences show remarkable short-term variability, with younger and older adults differing in both amount and correlates. Repeatedly assessed affect data captures both the dynamics and stability as well as stabilization that may indicate emotion-regulatory processes. The article reviews (1) research approaches to intraindividual affect variability, (2) functional implications of affect variability, and (3) age differences in affect variability. Based on this review, we discuss how the broader literature on emotional aging can be better integrated with theories and concepts of intraindividual affect variability by using appropriate methodological approaches. Finally, we show how a better understanding of affect variability and its underlying processes could contribute to the long-term stabilization of well-being in old age.

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Positive Emotions

The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195187243.013.0003 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 12-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael A. Cohn ◽

Barbara L. Fredrickson

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

Well Being ◽

Life Outcomes ◽

Short Term ◽

Future Success ◽

Broaden And Build Theory ◽

Mental And Physical Health ◽

Very High ◽

Future Growth

Positive emotions include pleasant or desirable situational responses, ranging from interest and contentment to love and joy, but are distinct from pleasurable sensation and undifferentiated positive affect. These emotions are markers of people's overall well-being or happiness, but they also enhance future growth and success. This has been demonstrated in work, school, relationships, mental and physical health, and longevity. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions suggests that all positive emotions lead to broadened repertoires of thoughts and actions and that broadening helps build resources that contribute to future success. Unlike negative emotions, which are adapted to provide a rapid response to a focal threat, positive emotions occur in safe or controllable situations and lead more diffusely to seeking new resources or consolidating gains. These resources outlast the temporary emotional state and contribute to later success and survival. This chapter discusses the nature of positive emotions both as evolutionary adaptations to build resources and as appraisals of a situation as desirable or rich in resources. We discuss the methodological challenges of evoking positive emotions for study both in the lab and in the field and issues in observing both short-term (“broaden”) and long-term (“build”) effects. We then review the evidence that positive emotions broaden perception, attention, motivation, reasoning, and social cognition and ways in which these may be linked to positive emotions' effects on important life outcomes. We also discuss and contextualize evidence that positive emotions may be detrimental at very high levels or in certain situations. We close by discussing ways in which positive emotions theory can be harnessed by both basic and applied positive psychology research.

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Comparing the social networks of service users with long term mental health needs living in community with those in a general adult in-patient unit

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/00207640211017590 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002076402110175

Author(s):

Roberto Rusca ◽

Ike-Foster Onwuchekwa ◽

Catherine Kinane ◽

Douglas MacInnes

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Patient Group ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Well Being ◽

Health Problems ◽

Practical Support ◽

The Social

Background: Relationships are vital to recovery however, there is uncertainty whether users have different types of social networks in different mental health settings and how these networks may impact on users’ wellbeing. Aims: To compare the social networks of people with long-term mental illness in the community with those of people in a general adult in-patient unit. Method: A sample of general adult in-patients with enduring mental health problems, aged between 18 and 65, was compared with a similar sample attending a general adult psychiatric clinic. A cross-sectional survey collected demographic data and information about participants’ social networks. Participants also completed the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale to examine well-being and the Significant Others Scale to explore their social network support. Results: The study recruited 53 participants (25 living in the community and 28 current in-patients) with 339 named as important members of their social networks. Both groups recorded low numbers in their social networks though the community sample had a significantly greater number of social contacts (7.4 vs. 5.4), more monthly contacts with members of their network and significantly higher levels of social media use. The in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Conclusions: People with serious and enduring mental health problems living in the community had a significantly greater number of people in their social network than those who were in-patients while the in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Recommendations for future work have been made.

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The social value of Participatory Ergonomics from a practitioner’s perspective

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181320641219 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 919-923

Author(s):

Kátia M. Costa-Black ◽

Chris Arteberry

Keyword(s):

Human Performance ◽

Well Being ◽

Participatory Approach ◽

Performance Outcomes ◽

Participatory Ergonomics ◽

Worker Health ◽

Healthy Working ◽

The Social ◽

Health And Well Being ◽

Total Worker Health

Ergonomics applies a set of ambitious frameworks and robust body of evidence for integrating different practices to optimize worker health and well-being. One recognized framework is the participatory approach, which delves into sociotechnical workplace actions – developed from the ground up – to achieve improved human performance outcomes and acceptability across the organization. Much of what is known about the value of participatory ergonomics centers on return-on-investment analyses related to injury prevention. Outside this spectrum, little has been discussed. This paper imparts how a participatory approach can lead to various positive impacts beyond financial gains, mainly by focusing on continuous improvements at the management systems level and on proactively motivating people and organizations to embrace healthy working conditions and behaviors. Issues such as the social-ethical value of involving workers in work design and return-to-work solutions are discussed to illustrate the holistic value of participatory ergonomics in the context of Total Worker Health.

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COVID-19 and Its Impact on the Indian Economy

Vision The Journal of Business Perspective ◽

10.1177/0972262921989126 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097226292198912

Author(s):

Vikas Barbate ◽

Rajesh N. Gade ◽

Shirish S. Raibagkar

Keyword(s):

Oil Prices ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Short Term ◽

Indian Economy ◽

The Great Depression ◽

Windfall Gain ◽

Crude Oil Prices ◽

Tree Approach ◽

Silver Lining

Pessimism looms large all over. COVID-19 has been projected as worse than the Great Depression of 1930. Everyday analyst and agency reports are diving into new bottoms of a fall-down in economic activities. Indian economy, however, has a slightly different story to tell at this hour of crisis. The silver lining for the Indian economy comes from a steep fall in the crude oil prices from around $70 per barrel to a record 18 years low of $22 per barrel. This windfall gain can, to some extent, offset the direct losses due to COVID-19. At the same time, dreams like a $5 trillion economy no longer look even a remote possibility. This article takes stock of the likely impact of COVID-19 on the Indian economy in the short term and the long term. A decision-tree approach has been adopted for doing the projections.

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