scholarly journals Profiling Cultivars Development in Kersting's Groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Maréchal and Baudet] for Improved Yield, Higher Nutrient Content, and Adaptation to Current and Future Climates

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Coulibaly ◽  
Guillaume Bodjrenou ◽  
Félicien Akohoue ◽  
Eric Etchikinto Agoyi ◽  
Fustelle Michée Merinosy Francisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Draft Genome ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Cross Hybridization ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Macrotyloma Geocarpum ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Kersting’S Groundnut

Kersting's groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms.) Maréchal and Baudet], Fabaceae, is an important source of protein and essential amino acids. As a grain legume species, it also contributes to improving soil fertility through symbiotic nitrogen fixation. However, the crop is characterized by a relatively low yield (≤500 kg/ha), and limited progress has been made so far, toward the development of high-yielding cultivars that can enhance and sustain its productivity. Recently, there was an increased interest in alleviating the burdens related to Kersting's groundnut (KG) cultivation through the development of improved varieties. Preliminary investigations assembled germplasms from various producing countries. In-depth ethnobotanical studies and insightful investigation on the reproductive biology of the species were undertaken alongside morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterizations. Those studies revealed a narrow genetic base for KG. In addition, the self-pollinating nature of its flowers prevents cross-hybridization and represents a major barrier limiting the broadening of the genetic basis. Therefore, the development of a research pipeline to address the bottlenecks specific to KG is a prerequisite for the successful expansion of the crop. In this paper, we offer an overview of the current state of research on KG and pinpoint the knowledge gaps; we defined and discussed the main steps of breeding for KG' cultivars development; this included (i) developing an integrated genebank, inclusive germplasm, and seed system management; (ii) assessing end-users preferences and possibility for industrial exploitation of the crop; (iii) identifying biotic and abiotic stressors and the genetic control of responsive traits to those factors; (iv) overcoming the cross-pollination challenges in KG to propel the development of hybrids; (v) developing new approaches to create variability and setting adequate cultivars and breeding approaches; (vi) karyotyping and draft genome analysis to accelerate cultivars development and increase genetic gains; and (vii) evaluating the adaptability and stability of cultivars across various ecological regions.

scholarly journals Insights into the Phylogeny, Nodule Function, and Biogeographic Distribution of Microsymbionts Nodulating the Orphan Kersting’s Groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum(Harms) Marechal & Baudet] in African Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Mohammed ◽  
Sanjay K. Jaiswal ◽  
Felix D. Dakora
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macrotyloma Geocarpum ◽  
Kersting’S Groundnut

ABSTRACTKersting’s groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum(Harms) Marechal & Baudet] is a neglected indigenous African legume adapted to growth in N-deficient soils due to its ability to fix atmospheric N2via symbiosis with rhizobia. Despite its nutritional and medicinal uses, to date there is little information on the phylogeny and functional traits of its microsymbionts, aspects that are much needed for its conservation and improvement. This study explored the morphogenetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and N2-fixing efficiency of Kersting’s groundnut rhizobial isolates from contrasting environments in Ghana, South Africa, and Mozambique. BOX-PCR fingerprinting revealed high diversity among the rhizobial populations, which was influenced by geographic origin. Of the 164 isolates evaluated, 130 BOX-PCR types were identified at a 70% similarity coefficient, indicating that they were not clones. Soil pH and mineral concentrations were found to influence the distribution of bradyrhizobial populations in African soils. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes and multilocus sequence analysis of protein-coding genes (atpD,glnII,gyrB, andrpoB) and symbiotic genes (nifHandnodC) showed that Kersting’s groundnut is primarily nodulated by members of the genusBradyrhizobium, which are closely related toBradyrhizobium vignae7-2T,Bradyrhizobium kavangense14-3T,Bradyrhizobium subterraneum58-2-1T,Bradyrhizobium pachyrhiziPAC48T, the type strain ofBradyrhizobium elkanii, and novel groups ofBradyrhizobiumspecies. The bradyrhizobial populations identified exhibited high N2fixation and induced greater nodulation, leaf chlorophyll concentration, and photosynthetic rates in their homologous host than did the 5 mM KNO3-fed plants and/or the commercialBradyrhizobiumsp. strain CB756, suggesting that they could be good candidates for inoculant formulations upon field testing.IMPORTANCERhizobia play important roles in agroecosystems, where they contribute to improving overall soil health through their symbiotic relationship with legumes. This study explored the microsymbionts nodulating Kersting’s groundnut, a neglected orphan legume. The results revealed the presence of different bradyrhizobial populations with high N2-fixing efficiencies as the dominant symbionts of this legume across diverse agroecologies in Africa. Our findings represent a useful contribution to the literature in terms of the community of microsymbionts nodulating a neglected cultivated legume and its potential for elevation as a major food crop. The presence of potentially novel bradyrhizobial symbionts of Kersting’s groundnut found in this study offers an opportunity for future studies to properly describe, characterize, and delineate these isolates functionally and phylogenetically for use in inoculant production to enhance food/nutritional security.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in a Regional Collection of Kersting’s Groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Maréchal & Baudet)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konoutan M. Kafoutchoni ◽  
Eric E. Agoyi ◽  
Symphorien Agbahoungba ◽  
Achille E. Assogbadjo ◽  
Clément Agbangla
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Macrotyloma Geocarpum ◽  
Very High ◽  
Kersting’S Groundnut ◽  
Private Alleles

Kersting’s groundnut is an important source of protein and essential nutrients that contribute to food security in West Africa. However, the crop is still underexploited by the populations and under-researched by the scientific community. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of 217 Kersting’s groundnut accessions from five origins using 886 DArTseq markers. Gene diversity was low and ranged from 0.049 to 0.064. The number of private alleles greatly varied among populations (42–192) and morphotypes (40–339). Moderate to very high levels of selfing and inbreeding were observed among populations (s=56–85%, FIS=0.389–0.736) and morphotypes (s=57–82%, FIS=0.400–0.691). Moreover, little to very high genetic differentiations were observed among populations (0.006≤FIS≤0.371) and morphotypes (0.029≤FIS≤0.307). Analysis of molecular variance partitioned 38.5% of the genetic variation among and 48.7% within populations (P<0.001). Significant isolations by distance were detected between populations (R2=0.612, P=0.011) and accessions (R2=0.499, P<0.001). Discriminant analysis of principal components and neighbour joining consistently distinguished eight distinct clusters. These data provide a global picture of the existing genetic diversity for Kersting’s groundnut and will guide the choice of breeding strategies to increase production.

scholarly journals Tambir : Jamur Alam Papua yang Berpotensi sebagai Jamur Konsumsi

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Supeni Sufaati ◽  
Vita Purnamasari ◽  
Verena Agustini ◽  
Suharno Suharno
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Local People ◽  
Alternative Protein

Fungi has several role for humankind, one of them is as food. The potency of wild edible mushrooms as a source of nutrition still need to be explored to support national food security. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of nutrient content of wild edible mushroom called Tambir that commonly be consumed as alternative food by local people in Jayapura, Papua. Samples were collected from the traditional market nearby Uncen campus in Waena, Jayapura, Papua. Micro Kjeldahl method was used to analyze the crude protein content, hexane-gravimetry for lipid, spectrophotometry for carbohydrate, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for amino acid composition. The results showed that this mushroom has 15.74 % crude protein, 2.59 % lipid, 50.17 % carbohydrate and 8 essential amino acids. The chemical value of those eight essential amino acids were more than 100 that means this mushroom has no amino acid limitation. Therefore, Tambir could be a good alternative protein source for local people. Key words: fungi, proteins, local knowledge, Tambir, Papua.

scholarly journals Analysis of Macro Nutrient on Rono Fish (Xenopoecilus oophorus) Freshwater

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Delviana Melego ◽  
Mery Napitupulu ◽  
Daud K. Walanda
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Fish are assumed to have high nutritional value with mineral content, vitamins, fats, and proteins containing essential amino acids that are needed for growth and human intelligence. One type of them is rono fish (Xenopoecilus oophorus) freshwater which is an endemic fish that comes from lake Poso, Central Sulawesi and still found in traditional markets of Tentena city, but the local community is less interested in this type of fish and the lack of literature that informs about the nutritional content of rono fish. The research aims to determine the macronutrient content in rono fish. The nutrient content analyzed in fish was on carbohydrates, proteins, and fats by using the anthrone sulfate method for carbohydrate analysis, Kjeldahl method for protein, and for fat analysis using the soxhlet method. The results of the analysis obtained that macronutrient in freshwater rono fish was followed carbohydrate was 9.26%, the protein was 37.79% and fat was 11.92%.

The Status of Kersting's Groundnut (Macrotyloma Geocarpum [Harms] Marechal and Baudet)

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Adu-Gyamfi ◽  
J. Fearon ◽  
T.B. Bayorbor ◽  
I.K. Dzomeku ◽  
V.K. Avornyo
Keyword(s):  
The Status ◽  
Macrotyloma Geocarpum ◽  
Kersting’S Groundnut
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document