scholarly journals The Recombinant Expression Proteins FnBP and ClfA From Staphylococcus aureus in Addition to GapC and Sip From Streptococcus agalactiae Can Protect BALB/c Mice From Bacterial Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongchen Ma ◽  
Xinyue Yin ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Ruirui Hu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Recombinant Expression ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Chimeric Protein ◽  
Chimeric Proteins ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lethal Doses

Dairy cow mastitis is a serious disease that is mainly caused by intramammary infection with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae [group B streptococcus (GBS)]. FnBP and ClfA are the virulence factors of S. aureus, while GapC is the respective factor for S. agalactiae. Sip is a highly immunogenic protein, and it is conserved in all GBS serotypes. In this study, we analyzed the abovementioned four genes prepared a FnBP+ClfA chimeric protein (FC), a GapC+Sip chimeric protein (GS), and a FnBP+ClfA+GapC+Sip chimeric protein (FCGS) based on the antigenic sites to evaluate their use in vaccine development. After expression and purification of the recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli, BALB/c mice were immunized with them to examine resistance effects. The total lethal and half lethal doses of S. aureus and S. agalactiae were then measured, and the immunoprotective effects of the fusion proteins were evaluated. The FC and FCGS chimeric proteins could induce mice to produce high levels of antibodies, and bacterial loads were significantly reduced in the spleens and livers after challenge. After immunization with FCGS, the recipients resisted the attacks of both S. aureus and S. agalactiae, indicating the potential of the fusion protein as a mastitis vaccine.

CAMP test v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
lydiariver not provided
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Camp Factor ◽  
Camp Test ◽  
Group B

Group B Streptococcus agalactiae has CAMP factor which allow it to hemolized zones when it is grown on blood agar plates near to Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 colonies, this effect is brought about by Staphylococcus aureus sphingomyelinase.

scholarly journals Control of Streptococcal Infections: Is a Common Vaccine Target Achievable Against Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Bedeley ◽  
Andrea Gori ◽  
Dorothy Yeboah-Manu ◽  
Kanny Diallo
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pneumococcal Infections ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group B

Both Streptococcus agalactiae [group B streptococcus (GBS)] and Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) remain significant pathogens as they cause life threatening infections mostly in children and the elderly. The control of diseases caused by these pathogens is dependent on antibiotics use and appropriate vaccination. The introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) against some serotypes has led to reduction in pneumococcal infections, however, the subsequent serotype switching, and replacement has been a serious challenge. On the other hand, no vaccine is yet licensed for use in the control of GBS diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the history and global disease burden, disease pathophysiology and management, vaccines update, and the biology of both pathogens. Furthermore, we address recent findings regarding structural similarities that could be explored for vaccine targets across both mucosal pathogens. Finally, we conclude by proposing future genomic sequence comparison using the wealth of available sequences from both species and the possibility of identifying more related structural components that could be exploited for pan-pathogen vaccine development.

scholarly journals Distribution of Pilus Islands in Streptococcus agalactiae That Cause Human Infections: Insights into Evolution and Implication for Vaccine Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Martins ◽  
A. Andreu ◽  
J. Melo-Cristino ◽  
M. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Group B ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACTAt least one pilus island, PI-1 (70%), PI-2a (79%), or PI-2b (21%), was found among 898Streptococcus agalactiae(group B streptococcus [GBS]) isolates recovered from humans, supporting the use of pilus proteins in vaccines. The stability and dominance of PI-1 and PI-2a in multiple serotypes and founder multilocus sequence types disseminated worldwide suggest it could be the PI combination present in ancestral GBS human pathogens.

An Emerging Infection: Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome Caused By Group B Streptococcus (GBS), Streptococcus Agalactiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S140-S140
Author(s):  
F Rajack ◽  
A Afsari ◽  
A M Ramadan ◽  
T J Naab
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Group B

Abstract Introduction/Objective Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and infections in pregnant women. However, incidence of invasive GBS infections has more than doubled in the last two decades with highest risk in adults 65 years or older. Other risk factors are diabetes, malignancy, and immunocompromised state. Bacteremia and skin soft tissue infections are the most common invasive infections in nonpregnant adults. Rarely GBS infection has a fulminating pyrogenic exotoxin-mediated course characterized by acute onset, multiorgan failure, shock, and sometimes death, referred to as toxic shock-like syndrome. Methods A 77-year-old hypertensive female with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus and a history of bilateral foot ulcers presented to the hospital in probable septic shock. Clinical diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis was made and she underwent bilateral lower limb amputations. Results Grossly soft tissue appeared gray. Microscopically fascia was necrotic without neutrophils present and Gram stain revealed sheets of Gram positive cocci. These findings reflected histopathologic Stage III necrotizing fasciitis, which is associated with 47% mortality. Autopsy showed a similar histology of Stage III necrotizing fasciitis involving the surgical stump. Erythema and desquamation of the upper limbs bilaterally and multi-organ failure met the clinical picture of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS) and fulfilled the criteria for TSS due to Group A Streptococcus (GAS), defined by The Working Group on Severe Streptococcal Infections. Conclusion Group B Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome may have a similar outcome to STSS caused by GAS and other pathogens and, in limited studies, mortality has been 30% or greater.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Serotype Determination of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated From Non-Pregnant Women in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Goudarzi ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Khalili ◽  
Mahmood Vakili ◽  
Maryam Sadeh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tehran Area

Consequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) relating infant’s diseases are well documented. Although many women carry this bacterium in their vagina, they may transfer to their infant during delivery and may result in different neonatal invasive diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBS and serotyping the isolated species among un-selective non-pregnant women who attended two gynecology clinics in Tehran. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 560 vaginal samples collected from non-pregnant women. Following inoculation of the specimen on Blood Agar, the standard technology was applied for the final identification of GBS. Detected GBS species were further confirmed using specific PCR directed on dlts gene. Capsular serotyping was done by using the multiplex PCR method. The chi-square method was used for statistical analysis. Fifty (8.9%) out of 560 non-pregnant women were carriers of GBS. The most common types were III (36%), followed by type II (32%), Ia (26%), and Ib (6%), respectively. Results represent that the prevalence rate of GBS in non-pregnant women was reliable and similar to what obtained from pregnant women. In addition, the serotype III was found the most dominant types, as well as other investigations in the Tehran area. Therefore, vaccine designation based on type III is recommended.

scholarly journals To screen or not to screen women for Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) to prevent early onset sepsis in newborns: recent advances in the unresolved debate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 204993612094242
Author(s):  
Guduru Gopal Rao ◽  
Priya Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the commonest cause of early onset sepsis in newborns in developed high-income countries. Intrapartum antimicrobial (antibiotic) prophylaxis (IAP) is recognized to be highly effective in preventing early onset Group B sepsis (EOGBS) in newborns. The key controversy is about the strategy that should be used to identify mothers who should receive IAP. There are two strategies that are followed in developed countries: screening-based or risk-factor-based identification of women requiring IAP. The debate regarding which of the two approaches is better has intensified in the recent years with concerns about antimicrobial resistance, effect on newborn’s microbiome and other adverse effects. In this review, we have discussed some of the key research papers published in the period 2015–2019 that have addressed the relative merits and disadvantages of screening versus risk-factor-based identification of women requiring IAP. Although screening-based IAP appears to be more efficacious than risk-based IAP, IAP-based prevention has several limitations including ineffectiveness in prevention of late-onset GBS infection in babies, premature and still births, impact of IAP on neonatal microbiota, emergence of antimicrobial resistance and difficulties in implementing IAP-based strategies in middle and low income countries. Alternative strategies, principally maternal immunization against GBS would circumvent use of IAP. However, no licensed vaccines are currently available for use.

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