scholarly journals Locoregional Flap Reconstruction Following Oromaxillofacial Oncologic Surgery in Dogs and Cats: A Review and Decisional Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Guzu ◽  
Diego Rossetti ◽  
Philippe R. Hennet
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Oncologic Surgery ◽  
Decision Algorithm ◽  
Surgical Decision ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Facial Defects ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon ◽  
Reconstructive Techniques

Primary treatment of most oromaxillofacial tumors in dogs and cats is resective surgery. Management of malignant tumors may be very challenging as wide/radical free-margin surgical removal must be achieved while preserving vital functions. Removal of orofacial tumors may result in large defects exposing the oral cavity or creating a communication with the nasal, pharyngeal, or orbital cavities. Such defects require orofacial reconstruction in order to restore respiratory and manducatory functions. The veterinary surgeon must be familiar with reconstructive techniques in order to prevent the inability of closing the defect, which could lead to an insufficient resection. Small oral defects exposing the nasal cavity are best closed with local random mucosal flaps. Closure of large oral defects may be better achieved with a facial or major palatine-based axial-pattern flap. Small to moderate facial defects can be closed with local advancement or transposition skin flaps. Reconstruction of large facial defects often requires the use of locoregional axial pattern flaps such as the caudal auricular, the superficial temporal, or the facial (angularis oris) myocutaneous axial pattern flaps. Recent publications have shown that the facial (angularis oris) flap is a very versatile and reliable flap in orofacial reconstructive surgery. A surgical decision algorithm based on the size, nature, and location of the defect is proposed.

Eye Banking: Techniques for Eye Preservation in Selected Neoplasms Encroaching on the Globe

1993 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vtto C. Quatela ◽  
Neal D. Futran ◽  
James R. Boynton
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Eye Banking ◽  
Fibrous Sheath ◽  
Tumor Involvement ◽  
Preserve Function ◽  
Reconstructive Techniques ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Surgical Extirpation

Removal of the globe and associated structures has been advocated for tumors Invading the periorbital bone and periosteum, orbital fat, or extraocular muscles. In some patients with cancerous tumors encroaching on the globe, however, it may be possible to remove the tumor and save the eye. Tenon's fascia is a firm fibrous sheath surrounding the entire globe except the cornea. If the neoplasm spreads along fascial planes rather than through them, and If this layer remains free of tumor Involvement, preservation of the globe can be considered. Oculoplastic reconstructive techniques may limit exposure and diplopia, allowing the eye to be “banked” in vivo, and saved as a spare for the future. Six patients with malignant tumors encroaching on the globe have had definitive surgical extirpation with preservation of the eye. Three patients have had the globe uncovered successfully. Five of six patients remain disease-free, with followup from 6 months to 6 years. No globes have been removed. These techniques appear to be therapeutically sound, preserve function and appearance, and Improve patient morale. The indications and limitations of this approach to certain cases of periorbital cancer are discussed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the Surgical Management of Amiodarone-induced Thyrotoxicosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilla Dickfos ◽  
Robert Franz
Keyword(s):  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Select Group ◽  
Small Subgroup

ABSTRACT Introduction Amiodarone can be a life-saving medication; however, it can also cause amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT). Though rare, AIT is a complex and life-threatening side effect, which can cause significant cardiac dysfunction and lead to cardiac failure. Primary treatment is with thionamides, perchlorates, and steroids. However, a small subgroup does not respond and their cardiovascular function continues to deteriorate. This select group is referred for a semi-elective total thyroidectomy. Without surgical removal of their thyroid gland, these patients will continue to deteriorate, with a 30 to 50% mortality rate for those not operated on. Aim The aim of this case series was to assess for any indicators as to when these patients should be referred for total thyroidectomies and the efficacy of this method of treatment. Materials and methods A case series of patients with AIT treated with a total thyroidectomy from 1998 to 2015 was used to assess the efficacy of and indicators for surgery. Results Total thyroidectomy results in efficient and significant improvement in the patient's biochemistry and symptoms. The patient's symptoms and options for medical therapy have an influence on the duration of the trial of medical therapy. Conclusion Surgery is an effective and efficient treatment for AIT. However, there does not appear to be a specific indicator for when this treatment should be instigated. A case-by-case approach should be adopted when treating these complicated patients. Clinical significance Clinicians should see surgery as an effective and efficient treatment for AIT. The timing of surgery should be assessed on a case-by-case basis considering the patient's clinical status and therapeutic options and not as a last resort. How to cite this article Dickfos M, Franz R. Efficacy of the Surgical Management of Amiodarone-induced Thyrotoxicosis. World J Endoc Surg 2017;9(3):79-87.

Malignant Tumors of the Spleen

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Paniccia ◽  
Brandon Chapman ◽  
Ana Gleisner
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Diseases ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Radiologic Imaging ◽  
Splenic Tumor ◽  
Myeloproliferative Diseases ◽  
Splenic Lymphoma

Malignant tumors of the spleen are rare lesions that can be divided into three broad categories: lymphoproliferative diseases, metastatic lesions, and primary splenic (nonlymphoid) malignant neoplasms. Additionally, although myeloproliferative diseases are not tumors of the spleen, they do have the potential to either directly or indirectly affect splenic function, often manifesting as splenomegaly, hypersplenism, or both. Lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative diseases are almost always systemic diseases. Consequently, medical therapy is the primary treatment, and splenectomy is currently reserved for patients with hematologic disorders refractory to medical management—for palliation of symptoms caused by splenomegaly or hypersplenism—and in the rare case of the pure splenic form of the disease. Patients affected by malignant splenic lesions often present with vague symptomatology, including generalized malaise, fatigue, weight loss, and fever. These symptoms may be accompanied by abdominal pain, a palpable left upper quadrant mass, or overt splenomegaly. Radiologic imaging, including ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, is mandatory in the evaluation of splenic tumors and may narrow the differential diagnosis. Management of splenic metastases should be individualized and, whenever possible, determined in a multidisciplinary setting. Splenectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with primary malignant tumors of the spleen in the absence of metastatic disease.  This review contains 10 figures, 8 tables and 51 references Key words: angiosarcoma, leukemia, malignant splenic tumor, metastatic splenic tumor, spleen, splenectomy, splenic lymphoma  

End Results of Surgical Treatment of 622 Cases of Tumors of the Salivary Glands.

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Vinicio Catania ◽  
Emanuele Galante ◽  
Gaetano Bandieramonte ◽  
Bruno Salvadori
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Mixed Tumors

Surgery was performed on 622 patients with tumors of the salivary glands from 1929 to 1972; the gland affected was the parotid in 527 cases, the submandibular glands in 50, and minor salivary glands of palate and other sites in 45. The analysis of distant results point out that both for benign and malignant tumors total sialoadenectomy must be the treatment of choice, as demonstrated by the high rate of recurrence after local excision or partial resection of the gland, even in cases of surely benign lesions such as mixed tumors. It is worthy of being quoted the high rate of recurrence from cylindromas, especially of the palate (48.5%), after surgical removal. As to malignancies of parotid and submandibular glands 5-years survival rates after radical surgery were of 52 % and 30 % respectively.

Reconstruction of the skull base after tumor resection: an overview of methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Liu ◽  
Zahid Niazi ◽  
William T. Couldwell
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Skull Base Tumors ◽  
Skull Base Reconstruction ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Dural Defects ◽  
Reconstructive Techniques ◽  
Do So

Successful surgical management of malignant skull base tumors depends on both tumor resection and reconstruction of the cranial base defect. The primary goals of skull base reconstruction are to repair dural defects, to prevent the development of cerebrospinal fluid fistulas, and to provide a protective barrier that isolates the intracranial contents from the nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses. Failure to do so can result in potentially life-threatening infectious complications. With modern skull base and reconstructive techniques, malignant tumors in this region, which were once deemed inoperable, can now be safely removed. The authors review the different modalities available for skull base reconstruction following tumor resection.

Endoscopic removal of cysticercal cysts within the fourth ventricle

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Bergsneider
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Endoscopic Removal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Suboccipital Craniectomy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Optimum Management ◽  
Fine Print

✓ There is no consensus as to the optimum management of patients who harbor cysticercal cysts within the fourth ventricle. Compared with the alternative treatment options of anthelmintic medication and/or cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement, the surgical removal of the cyst has the advantage of eliminating the inflammatory nidus and potentially obviating the need for a complication-prone shunt. Here, an endoscopic surgical approach is described and proposed as an alternative to the standard suboccipital craniectomy for removal of cysticercal cysts within the fourth ventricle.A retrospective analysis of five consecutive endoscopic cases was performed. Endoscopic removal of all cysts within the fourth ventricle was successful in each case. The mean length of operative time was short and blood loss was insignificant. The endoscopic procedure was safe and associated with minimal postoperative discomfort in most patients.In properly selected patients, the endoscopic removal of cysticercal cysts located within the fourth ventricle should be considered as the primary treatment for this condition.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ORTHODONTIC CARE IN THE COMPLEX REHABILITATION OF GLOSSECTOMY PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Mansur ◽  
◽  
D.V. Verstakov ◽  
L.N. Scherbakov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Tongue Cancer ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Jaw Abnormalities ◽  
Orthodontic Devices ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

n recent years, Russia has seen an increase in the incidence of malignant tumors of the mouth and throat, including tongue cancer. Surgical methods of treatment of cancer of such localization have a crippling character and inevitably lead to disruption of a number of vital functions, including the development of tooth-jaw deformities, which further deteriorates the quality of life of such patients. Timely prescription of orthodontic devices for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes allows to prevent the development of tooth jaw abnormalities and deformities, as well as to treat the already developed pathology.

scholarly journals Immediate results of electrochemotherapy for malignant tumors of the skin and soft tissues, cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
D. A. Tuleuova ◽  
G. A. Serikbaev ◽  
A. K. Kurmanaliev ◽  
J. U. Pysanova ◽  
Sh. P. Najibulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Subcutaneous Metastases

Relevance: Surgical removal of locally advanced forms of skin cancer and multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma does not always provide satisfactory aesthetic, functional, and long-term results. The treatment outcomes depend on the size, shape, location, and some other characteristics of the tumor. The relapse rate after surgical removal of locally advanced skin cancer is 12.5-34%, and the long-term survival of patients with cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma does not exceed 30%. Cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma and some superficial tumors are usually initially inoperable. Their complications such as bleeding, infection, pain, and pitting cause serious clinical problems and often require local therapy even at the 4th stage of the disease. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the modern treatment methods for skin cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, and metastatic melanoma. ECT is a treatment of choice in the presence of contraindications to surgical and radiation therapy. ECT combines the physical properties of current-induced electroporation with the chemical properties of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this method, an electric current affecting the tissue causes a temporary increase in cell membrane permeability, thereby providing free access to the cell of large molecules, including cytostatics, which are not initially transferred to the cytosol. This significantly increases the potential toxicity of cytostatics. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the immediate results of ECT in patients with malignant tumors of the skin, soft tissue, cutaneous, and subcutaneous melanoma metastases. Results: Since 2017, 27 patients were treated by ECT at the Centre for bone and soft tissue tumors and melanomas of Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology (Almaty, Kazakhstan). After two months, 67% of patients had a complete response (CR), 26% – a partial response (PR), and 7% had progression of the tumor. Side effects included local edema (n=13, 40%) which independently disappeared within several days to 2 weeks, local pains (12%) which disappeared within six months after treatment in 3% and within a month in 11% of patients, and hyperthermia in the early postoperative period in 6% of patients which was stopped within 10-15 min after the procedure

scholarly journals Non-Coding RNAs: Regulating Disease Progression and Therapy Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243
Author(s):  
Debashri Manna ◽  
Devanand Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Rna Transcripts ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the primary liver cancer arising from hepatocytes, is a universal health problem and one of the most common malignant tumors. Surgery followed by chemotherapy as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as sorafenib, are primary treatment procedures for HCC, but recurrence of disease because of therapy resistance results in high mortality. It is necessary to identify novel regulators of HCC for developing effective targeted therapies that can significantly interfere with progression of the disease process. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an abundant group of versatile RNA transcripts that do not translate into proteins, rather serve as potentially functional RNAs. The role of ncRNAs in regulating diverse aspects of the carcinogenesis process are gradually being elucidated. Recent advances in RNA sequencing technology have identified a plethora of ncRNAs regulating all aspects of hepatocarcinogenesis process and serving as potential prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers. The present review provides a comprehensive description of the biological roles of ncRNAs in disease process and therapy resistance, and potential clinical application of these ncRNAs in HCC.

scholarly journals Electrocorticography-guided resection of temporal cavernoma: is electrocorticography warranted and does it alter the surgical approach?

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie J. Van Gompel ◽  
Jesus Rubio ◽  
Gregory D. Cascino ◽  
Gregory A. Worrell ◽  
Fredric B. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Seizure Outcome ◽  
Surgical Decision ◽  
Cavernous Hemangiomas ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Surgical Decision Making

Object Cavernous hemangiomas associated with epilepsy present an interesting surgical dilemma in terms of whether one should perform a pure lesionectomy or tailored resection, especially in the temporal lobe given the potential for cognitive damage. This decision is often guided by electrocorticography (ECoG), despite the lack of data regarding its value in cavernoma surgery. The purpose of the present study was several-fold: first, to determine the epilepsy outcome following resection of cavernomas in all brain regions; second, to evaluate the usefulness of ECoG in guiding surgical decision making; and third, to determine the optimum surgical approach for temporal lobe cavernomas. Methods The authors identified from their surgical database 173 patients who had undergone resection of cavernomas. One hundred two of these patients presented with epilepsy, and 61 harbored temporal lobe cavernomas. Preoperatively, all patients were initially evaluated by an epileptologist. The mean follow-up was 37 months. Results Regardless of the cavernoma location, surgery resulted in an excellent seizure control rate: Engel Class I outcome in 88% of patients at 2 years postoperatively. Of 61 patients with temporal lobe cavernomas, the mesial structures were involved in 35. Among the patients with temporal lobe cavernomas, those who underwent ECoG typically had a more extensive parenchymal resection rather than a lesionectomy (p < 0.0001). The use of ECoG in cases of temporal lobe cavernomas resulted in a superior seizure-free outcome: 79% (29 patients) versus 91% (23 patients) of patients at 6 months postresection, 77% (22 patients) versus 90% (20 patients) at 1 year, and 79% (14 patients) versus 83% (18 patients) at 2 years without ECoG versus with ECoG, respectively. Conclusions The surgical removal of cavernomas most often leads to an excellent epilepsy outcome. In cases of temporal lobe cavernomas, the more extensive the ECoG-guided resection, the better the seizure outcome. In addition to upholding the concept of kindling, the data in this study support the use of ECoG in temporal lobe cavernoma surgery in patients presenting with epilepsy.

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