scholarly journals Outcomes and Blood Product Use in 89 Surgically Managed and 79 Medically Managed Cases of Acute Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum in the Dog

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Veronica Wright ◽  
Michelle Renwick ◽  
Rachel W. Y. Soh ◽  
Nicole R. Fan ◽  
Anna J. Tebb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Medical Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum ◽  
Group A ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Rbc Transfusion ◽  
Surgical Group

Objective: To describe a population of dogs with acute spontaneous hemoperitoneum (ASH) that were treated with either surgical or medical management in the first 12 h after presentation, and to perform a preliminary investigation into whether there were differences in achieving cardiovascular stabilization or patterns of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion between patients treated with early (<12 h) surgery vs.medical management.Design: A retrospective multicenter preliminary study performed on 168 dogs presenting with ASH between January 2015 and May 2019. Patients were excluded if they were euthanized or discharged from hospital within the first 12 h, or if clinical records were incomplete. All patients received appropriate medical stabilization efforts. Statistical analysis was performed comparing patients that underwent early (<12 h) surgery and those that did not.Results: Eighty-nine patients were in the early surgical group and 79 patients in the medical group. A significantly higher proportion of medical cases were euthanized (p < 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of early surgical cases were discharged from hospital (p = 0.005). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in achieving cardiovascular stabilization (OR 1.07 p = 0.82). A higher proportion of patients with body-weight over 20 kg achieved stabilization within 12 h than those with body-weight of 20 kg or less (62.7 vs. 41.4%, p < 0.01). A higher proportion of patients with splenic conditions achieved stabilization than patients with non-splenic conditions (56.5 vs. 28.6%, p = 0.05). The odds of receiving an RBC transfusion were higher in the early surgical group than the medical group [OR 3.81 (p < 0.001)].Conclusions: This preliminary study did not identify a significant difference in the ability to achieve cardiovascular stabilization in the first 12 h in dogs with ASH that underwent early surgical intervention vs. those managed medically. Patients in the early surgical group were more likely to receive a RBC transfusion than those in the medical group. At this time the decision on whether to pursue medical or early surgical management should be made on a case by case basis.

scholarly journals Prophylactic temporary abdominal aortic balloon occlusion for patients with pernicious placenta previa: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Huo ◽  
Hansheng Liang ◽  
Yi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Balloon Occlusion ◽  
Artery Embolism ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Group D ◽  
Central Placenta Previa

Abstract Background Pernicious placenta previa (PPP) can increase the risk of perioperative complications. During caesarean section in patients with adherent placenta, intraoperative blood loss, hysterectomy rate and transfusion could be reduced by interventional methods. Our study aimed to investigate the influence of maternal hemodynamics control and neonatal outcomes of prophylactic temporary abdominal aortic balloon (PTAAB) occlusion for patients with pernicious placenta previa. Methods This was a retrospective study using data from the Peking University People’s Hospital from January 2014 through January 2020. Clinical records of pregnant women undergoing cesarean section were collected. Patients were divided into two groups: treatment with PTAAB placement (group A) and no balloon placement (group B). Group A was further broken down into two groups: prophylactic placement (Group C) and balloon occlusion (group D). Results Clinical records of 33 cases from 5205 pregnant women underwent cesarean section were collected. The number of groups A, B, C, and D were 17, 16, 5 and 12.We found that a significant difference in the post-operative uterine artery embolism rates between group A and group B (0% vs.31.3%, p = 0.018). There was a significant difference in the Apgar scores at first minute between group A and group B (8.94 ± 1.43 vs 9.81 ± 0.75,p = 0.037),and the same significant difference between two groups in the pre-operative central placenta previa (29.4% vs. 0%,p = 0.044), complete placenta previa (58.8% vs 18.8%, p = 0.032),placenta implantation (76.5% vs 31.3%, p = 0.015). We could also observe the significant difference in the amount of blood cell (2.80 ± 2.68vs.10.66 ± 11.97, p = 0.038) and blood plasma transfusion (280.00 ± 268.32 vs. 1033.33 ± 1098.20, p = 0.044) between group C and group D. The significant differences in the preoperative vaginal bleeding conditions (0% vs 75%, p = 0.009), the intraoperative application rates of vasopressors (0% vs. 58.3%, p = 0.044) and the postoperative ICU (intensive care unit) admission rates (0% vs. 58.3%, p = 0.044) were also kept. Conclusions PTAAB occlusion could be useful in reducing the rate of post-operative uterine artery embolism and the amount of transfusion, and be useful in coping with patients with preoperative vaginal bleeding conditions, so as to reduce the rate of intraoperative applications of vasopressors and the postoperative ICU (intensive care unit) admission. In PPP patients with placenta implantation, central placenta previa and complete placenta previa, we advocate the utilization of prophylactic temporary abdominal aortic balloon placement.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF KALO JEERA SEEDS AND PAPAYA LEAF SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Sorwar ◽  
M. Mostofa ◽  
M. N. Hasan ◽  
M. Billah ◽  
M. T. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of papaya leaf (Carica papaya) and kalo jeera (Nigella sativa) seeds powdered supplementation in drinking water as a growth promoter in broiler chickens. A total of 20 Cobb-500 broiler chicks (day-old) were purchased from local hatchery (Nourish Poultry and Hatchery Ltd.) and after seven days of acclimatization chicks were randomly divided into two groups, A (n=10) and B (n=10). The group A was kept as a control and not treated. The group B was supplemented with papaya leaf and kalo jeera powder with feed and water. Weekly observations were recorded for live body weight gain up to 5th weeks and hematological tests were performed at 35th day’s age of broiler to search for hematological changes between control (A) and treatment (B) groups. The initial body weight of groups A and B on 1st were 41.00±0.56 gm and 41.50±0.35 gm, respectively and after 35th day of experiment final body weight were 1470±57.35 gm and 1720±58.56 gm, respectively and economics of production were analyzed and found that net profit per broiler was Tk. 8.91 and Tk. 20.69, respectively. The treatment group B was recorded statistically significant (at 1% level) increased (17.00%) for live body weight than that of control group A. The hematological parameters total erythrocyte count (TEC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and hemoglobin (Hb) estimation value of treatment group shows significant difference, while hemoglobin estimation does not show significant difference from control group. The results suggest that better growth performance could be achieved in broilers supplemented with papaya leaf and kalo jeera seeds.

Hippocampal size did not differ between epileptic and non-epileptic dogs using volumetric and subjective methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borbála A. Lőrincz ◽  
Agustina Anson ◽  
Stephan Handschuh ◽  
Alexander Tichy ◽  
Conor Rowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volumetric Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

AbstractHippocampal changes in epilepsy may manifest as hippocampal atrophy/sclerosis. A recent human study suggests that the demonstration of hippocampal volume loss is more reliable using quantitative evaluation methods. The aim of the present study was to obtain volumetric data in both epileptic and healthy dogs, to compare hippocampal volumes in both groups, and to compare subjective and volumetric assessment. Volumetric measurements of the hippocampi, lateral ventricles and hemispheria were performed in 31 epileptic and 15 control dogs. There was a positive association between the body weight and the hemispheric volume, as well as between the hemispheric volume and the ipsilateral hippocampal volume. There was no significant correlation between age and the volume of any measured brain structures. There was no statistically significant difference between the hippocampal volumes of the control group and the epileptic group. A statistically significant difference between the two groups for hippocampus/hemispherium ratio or hippocampal asymmetric ratio was not identified. An extrapolated hippocampal volume based on body weight was not possible in this study population.

PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR PREVENTION OF NEURAL ADHESION USING AN ABSORBABLE OXIDISED REGENERATED CELLULOSE SHEET

Hand Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Ikeda ◽  
Daisuke Yamauchi ◽  
Katsuro Tomita
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Group B ◽  
Nerve Surgery

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of an absorbable oxidised regenerated cellulose sheet (AORCS) for prevention of neural adhesion. Rabbit sciatic nerve was exposed at the middle of the thigh and the neural bed was coagulated by a bipolar coagulator to establish an adhesion model. Coagulation only was Group A (n = 8), coagulation and wrapping the sciatic nerve with an AORCS was Group B (n = 8), and an intact nerve was Group C (n = 16). Six weeks later, each group was estimated. Adhesion between the nerve and neural bed, and intraneural fibrosis were seen in Group A. However, there was little adhesion and fibrosis in Group B. Although the electrophysiological study showed a small significant difference, AORCS clearly prevented the adhesion in the histological study. Hence, AORCS might be useful as an additional treatment during nerve surgery.

scholarly journals Effects of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix supplementation on body weight gain in broiler chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
MS Parvin ◽  
RR Sarker ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

An experiment was conducted at the Khanpura Poultry Farm, near to the Babugonj campus of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali during the period from August to September, 2011 to evaluate the effect of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix on the body weight gain in broiler chickens. A total of 90 ‘Cobb 500’ day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 30), namely Groups A, B and C. Broiler birds in groups A and B were supplemented with growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix, respectively in addition to commercial feed from day 4 till day 25. The dose of both the growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix was 2.5 g/kg of feed. Chickens of group C served as control and supplemented with commercial feed only. Body weight was recorded at three times as on day 11, 18 and 25, respectively. The mean body weight was insignificantly (p > 0.05) higher in birds of groups A (992.5±139.6g) and B (978.3±147.0g) than those of group C (926.7±133.2g). The percent increase in body weight gain compare to control was increased in both the supplemented groups (5.8% in group A and 8.8% in group B) though there was no significant difference. Based on the results, it is suggested that supplementation of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix in broilers even after feeding of commercial feed has positive effect on the growth of broilers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14914 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 245-248, 2012

scholarly journals Utilization Of Soymilk As Milk Replacer For Calves

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Masum ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MAS Khan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Group B

An experiment was conducted to study the utilization of soymilk as milk replacer for raising calves. Nine crossbred calves were selected and divided into three groups on the basis of their body weight and genotype. The calves of group A were reared by cow milk, group B reared by strained soymilk and group C reared by unstrained soymilk. It was found that, total body weight gain of group A, B and C were 13.933 ± 1.222, 13.800 ± 0.917 and 13.233 ± 1.537 Kg, respectively. There was no significant difference among the three groups of calves. Non-significant differences were also seen for increment in wither height (5.588 ± 0.508, 5.419 ± 0.529 and 5.080 ± 0.440 cm, respectively), length (6.096 ± 0.440, 5.927 ± 0.388 and 5.503 ± 0.388 cm, respectively) and heart-girth (5.842 ± 0.440, 5.588 ± 0.916 and 5.419 ± 0.388 cm, respectively) of calves. Economic analysis showed that soymilk was cheaper than cow milk (Tk. 8.0 vs Tk. 44.0). It can be concluded that soymilk as milk replacer could be used successfully for raising dairy calves. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v38i1-2.9918 BJAS 2009; 38(1-2): 102-107

scholarly journals Prospective randomized trial comparing efficacy and safety of intravenous and intra-articular tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Man-Lung Li ◽  
Jojo Yan-Yan Kwok ◽  
Kwong-Yin Chung ◽  
Kin-Wing Cheung ◽  
Kwok-Hing Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Group B ◽  
Adjusted Dose

Abstract Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with significant perioperative blood loss and postoperative allogenic blood transfusion. Tranexamic acid (TXA) reversibly blocks lysine binding sites on plasminogen molecules and inhibits plasmin formation. Comparisons of the efficacy and safety of intra-articular and intravenous TXA in primary TKA have not previously been reported. Methods A prospective randomized trial was conducted in 150 patients who underwent TKA, and these patients were randomized into three groups. Patients in Group A were injected by intra-articular TXA according to body weight (20 mg/kg). Patients in Group B received a standard dose of intra-articular TXA (2000 mg), and those in Group C were infused with TXA according to body weight (20 mg/kg) before tourniquet deflation and again 3 h later. Baseline characteristics and data collected at blood transfusion were compared. Differences among four time points (baseline, day 0, day 2, and day 5) were carried out using ANOVA. Results The hemoglobin levels at postoperative day 5 were 10.6 g/dL for Group A, 10.6 g/dL for Group B, and 10.7 g/dL for Group C. The drain output was 399 ml for Group A, 314 ml for Group B, and 305 ml for Group C (p = 0.03). Group C had significantly less drain output than Group A after post hoc comparisons (p = 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between Group A and B (p = 0.09) or between Group B and C. Conclusion The weight-adjusted dose of TXA administered intravenously significantly reduced the drain output but not the total blood loss when compared with the weight-adjusted dose of TXA administered intra-articularly. No significant difference was observed in the other parameters among the three groups. Trial registration The Joint CUHK-NTEC CREC, CRE-2013.644-T. Registered 1 March 2014.

scholarly journals Comparison of the inner side and two-sided approaches for iliac crest bone graft harvesting for pediatric pelvic osteotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
Yuxi Su
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Outer Side ◽  
Iliac Crest Bone Graft ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background The iliac crest is one of the most used bone graft sources. In this study, we aimed to identify the effects of inner side and two-sided approaches for iliac crest bone harvesting on post-surgery ilium growth in children. Materials and methods We retrospectively analyzed 47 patients who underwent pelvic osteotomy and iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) procedures from January 2015 to September 2018. The patients were divided into an inner table ilium exposure group (group A) and the inner-outer table ilium exposure group (group B) and were followed up with radiography in postoperative months 1, 3, 6, and 12, and the growth areas were measured using PACS software. Complications such as damage to the arteries or nerves, ureteral injury, gastrointestinal hernia, ileus, abnormal cosmetic appearance, sensory disturbances, and functional limitations were recorded based on clinical records. Results There were 22 patients aged 5.3±1.5 years in group A and 25 patients aged 5.9±1.8 years in group B. There were no significant differences in demographics between the two groups, or in growth in the first month. However, bone graft growth at months 3, 6, and 12 was significantly better in group A than in group B. There was no significant difference in complications between the two groups. Conclusion Exposure of only the inner table of the ilium resulted in faster recovery of the bone defect than two-sided exposure in pelvic osteotomy. Therefore, we suggest protecting the outer side of the ilium during surgery. Level of evidence Level III

scholarly journals Lean Body Weight-Tailored Iodinated Contrast Injection in Obese Patient: Boer versus James Formula

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Caruso ◽  
Domenico De Santis ◽  
Flaminia Rivosecchi ◽  
Marta Zerunian ◽  
Nicola Panvini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Formula Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Purpose. To prospectively compare the performance of James and Boer formula in contrast media (CM) administration, in terms of image quality and parenchymal enhancement in obese patients undergoing CT of the abdomen. Materials and Methods. Fifty-five patients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 35 kg/m2 were prospectively included in the study. All patients underwent 64-row CT examination and were randomly divided in two groups: 26 patients in Group A and 29 patients in Group B. The amount of injected CM was computed according to the patient’s lean body weight (LBW), estimated using either Boer formula (Group A) or James formula (Group B). Patient’s characteristics, CM volume, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of liver, aorta and portal vein, and liver contrast enhancement index (CEI) were compared between the two groups. For subjective image analysis readers were asked to rate the enhancement of liver, kidneys, and pancreas based on a 5-point Likert scale. Results. Liver CNR, aortic CNR, and portal vein CNR showed no significant difference between Group A and Group B (all P≥0.177). Group A provided significantly higher CEI compared to Group B (P=0.007). Group A and Group B returned comparable overall subjective enhancement values (3.54 and vs 3.20, all P≥0.199). Conclusions. Boer formula should be the method of choice for LBW estimation in obese patients, leading to an accurate CM amount calculation and an optimal liver contrast enhancement in CT.

scholarly journals BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 980-984
Author(s):  
Muhbat Ali ◽  
Bashir Ahmed ◽  
Hamid Raza ◽  
Kamlaish Suchdev ◽  
Saqib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Motor Blockade ◽  
Sensory Blockade ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
Plexus Block

Objectives: The aim of our study is to find out the efficacy of dexamethasone(8mg) on prolonging the duration of motor and sensory blockade as used in brachial plexusblock required for forearm and hand surgeries. Study Design: Prospective randomized doubleblind trial. Period: April 2013 to May 2014, for a period of 14 months. Setting: Tertiary carehospital in Karachi Pakistan. Method: The study population consisted of 42 patients belongingto ASA classification, grades I and II, who underwent elective surgical procedures involving theforearm and hand. The patients were divided in to three groups, group A consisted of patientswho were given 2% of prilocaine at 5mg per kg of body weight, group B consisted of patientswho were given 2% of prilocaine with dexamethasone (8mg as 2ml) at group C consisted ofpatients who were given 0.5% of levobupivacaine at 1.5mg per kg of body weight. The timeduration and onset of sensory and motor blockade was duly noted for all the three groups.Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The time of onset of motor and sensoryblock in group A and B, were very similar, there was a difference of longer duration was dulynoted in group C, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). In terms of the duration of block,a statistically significant difference was found when compared in the three groups (p<0.001).The duration of sensory and motor blockade was longer in Group C when compared to theother two groups, and they were found to be longer in group B when compared with group A(p<0.001). Side effects were not found in the study population due to small number of patientsevaluated. Conclusion: According to our study the addition of dexamethasone to the prilocaineused in hand and forearm surgeries resulted in increased duration of the sensory and motorblockade achieved. While levobupivacaine was found to be a very potent anesthetic when usedlocally for post op analgesia requirements and during long procedures.

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