scholarly journals Parallel Implementation of the Algorithm to Compute Forest Fire Impact on Infrastructure Facilities of JSC Russian Railways

Algorithms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Nikolay Viktorovich Baranovskiy ◽  
Aleksey Podorovskiy ◽  
Aleksey Malinin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Computing System ◽  
Multiprocessor System

Forest fires have a negative impact on the economy in a number of regions, especially in Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) areas. An important link in the fight against fires in WUI areas is the development of information and computer systems for predicting the fire safety of infrastructural facilities of Russian Railways. In this work, a numerical study of heat transfer processes in the enclosing structure of a wooden building near the forest fire front was carried out using the technology of parallel computing. The novelty of the development is explained by the creation of its own program code, which is planned to be put into operation either in the Information System for Remote Monitoring of Forest Fires ISDM-Rosleskhoz, or in the information and computing system of JSC Russian Railways. In the Russian Federation, it is forbidden to use foreign systems in the security services of industrial facilities. The implementation of the deterministic model of heat transfer in the enclosing structure with the complexity of the algorithm O (2N2 + 2K) is presented. The program is implemented in Python 3.x using the NumPy and Concurrent libraries. Calculations were carried out on a multiprocessor cluster in the Sirius University of Science and Technology. The results of calculations and the acceleration coefficient for operating modes for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 48 and 64 processes are presented. The developed algorithm can be applied to assess the fire safety of infrastructure facilities of Russian Railways. The main merit of the new development should be noted, which is explained by the ability to use large computational domains with a large number of computational grid nodes in space and time. The use of caching intermediate data in files made it possible to distribute a large number of computational nodes among the processors of a computing multiprocessor system. However, one should also note a drawback; namely, a decrease in the acceleration of computational operations with a large number of involved nodes of a multiprocessor computing system, which is explained by the write and read cycles in cache files.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG CIREMAI Community Role to the Forest Fire Control in Mount Ciremai National Park

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Bambang Hero Saharjo ◽  
Guntala Wibisana
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
National Park ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Questionnaire Research

Forest fires cause losses and negative impact. Forest fire in mountain Ciremai national park caused by human factor. Efforts to control forest fires currently preferred by involving the community. This research is done using primary data and information obtained from filling the questionnaire. Research is taking samples from three villages namely Cibuntu village, Padabeunghar villages, and Kaduela village. Respondents were interviewed 90 respondents. Based on researches known that the area around the national park had high perception of Ciremai national existance. They argue that the mountain Ciremai national parks useful in life and the management of mountain Ciremai national parks better. Based on the scoring of 90 respondents 70 of them have a highperception of the forest fire control in mountain Ciremai national park, it means that most of people have participated in efforts to control forest fire.Key words: Forest fire,community role, forest fire control

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of Heat Transfer in an Element of Combustible Plant Material When Exposed to Radiation from a Forest Fire

Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Baranovskiy ◽  
Alena Demikhova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Impact Prediction ◽  
The Impact

The last few decades have been characterized by an increase in the frequency and burned area of forest fires in many countries of the world. Needles, foliage, branches, and herbaceous plants are involved in burning during forest fires. Most forest fires are surface ones. The purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model of heat transfer in an element of combustible plant material, namely, in the stem of a herbaceous plant, when exposed to radiation from a surface forest fire. Mathematically, the process of heat transfer in an element of combustible plant material was described by a system of non-stationary partial differential equations with corresponding initial and boundary conditions. The finite difference method was used to solve this system of equations in combination with a locally one-dimensional method for solving multidimensional tasks of mathematical physics. Temperature distributions were obtained as a result of modeling in a structurally inhomogeneous stem of a herbaceous plant for various scenarios of the impact of a forest fire. The results can be used to develop new systems for forest fire forecasting and their environmental impact prediction.

A Numerical Study of Forest Fire Progression and Fire Suppression by Aerial Fire Fighting

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohyu Satoh ◽  
Kunio Kuwahara ◽  
K. T. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Cfd Simulations

Forest fires are of common occurrence all over the world, which cause severe damages to valuable natural resources and human lives. In the recent California Fire, which burned 300,000 hectors of land, the disaster danger could reasonably be predicted, but early control of fires by means of aerial fire fighting might have been failed in that situation. Also in Japan, there are similar problems in the aerial fire fighting. Most forest fires occur in the daytime and the fires are freely in progress without any control during the nighttime. Therefore, it is important to attack the fires when there is daylight. The water dropped by helicopters is not always sufficient to control fires, since the quantity of water that can be carried aloft is a critical issue. Large amount of water can be dropped from aircrafts, but the high-speed flight of aircrafts may be dangerous in the mountain, where tall trees and steel towers with electric wires may exist. Therefore, those aircrafts have to fly at much higher altitudes than helicopters, while the water drop at high altitudes changes water into mist in the air. The objective of this study is to examine the methods to prevent the ignition by firebrands in the downwind area by applying water through the aerial fire fighting. However, tests by real aircrafts to obtain such information would be too costly. Therefore, the patterns of water drop from aircrafts were examined in CFD simulations, together with the investigation of needed water drop rate based on the forest fire statistics, the previous real aircraft tests and laboratory experiments. It has been found in the simulations that the water supply with the water density of 2 L/m2 is effective to control fires and the patterns of dropping water are reasonable.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN DATA SATELIT HIMAWARI 8 UNTUK MENDETEKSI SEBARAN ASAP: STUDI KASUS DI KALIMANTAN DAN SUMATERA TANGGAL 8 DAN 9 SEPTEMBER 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Ayu Vista Wulandari ◽  
Ni Kadek Trisna Dewi ◽  
Wishnu Agum Swastiko
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
False Color ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Infrared Channel

The forest fires that occurred in the entire month of September 2015 was quite considerably disturbing many public activities in Borneo and Sumatera. The smoke which is caused by forest fire has negative impact for the surrounding environments, one of them is reducing horizontal visibility. Meteorological stations in Borneo and Sumatra recorded the lowest visibility occurred on September, 8th and 9th 2015 at average range was 100 m. Based on information of BMKG (Indonesian Agency of Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysics) noted that during the month of September 2015 there was a distribution of hotspots which indicates the occurrence of forest fire cases. This research is aimed to determine the potential of distribution of smoke by satellite imagery of Himawari 8 to reduce its negative impacts. By using this method that is by comparing the hotspot distribution data from BMKG with false color RGB image product (1 visible channel and 2 near infrared channel) along with trajectory of smoke’s distribution by utilizing application of GMSLPD SATAID. The distribution of smoke can be seen as an image with the brownish pattern which partially covered the area of Borneo and Sumatera. The result showed that the smoke’s distribution by the result of RGB imagery well-matched enough with the hotspot’s distribution data from BMKG, which the smoke almost covered most area of the western of Sumatera and center of Borneo. In this case also supported by the trajectory of smoke’s distribution which is derived from southeast-south and spread to the northwest-north in the researches area. By using the observation data from chosen meteorological stations showed a similar result with the above method. Thus, it can be assumed that by using satellite imagery of Himawari 8 is quite capable to discover smoke’s distribution caused by forest fires case. Keywords: Smoke, Satellite, Himawari 8, SATAID.

Numerical study of uneven wall-heating effect for a one side rib-roughened cooling channel subject to rotation

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (1257) ◽  
pp. 1697-1710
Author(s):  
Z. Wang ◽  
R. Corral
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Wall Heating ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Uneven Heating ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the impact of the wall-heating conditions on the heat transfer performance of a rotating channel with one side smooth and one side roughened by 45° inclined ribs. Previous experimental and numerical studies for single-ribbed wall-heated channels showed that rotation has a significant negative impact on heat transfer performance. In order to investigate this uncommon behaviour, RANS simulations were conducted under three different wall-heating conditions in the present study: ribbed wall heated, all walls heated and adiabatic conditions. Numerical results show that the presence of uneven wall-heating conditions has a negligible impact on the stationary case, but it has a large influence on rotational cases, in both, the heat transfer and the flow field. The underlying reason is that in rotating cases, uneven heating results in different buoyancy effects on the trailing and leading walls of the channel that alter the main flow velocity profile. As a consequence, also secondary flows and heat transfer performance are affected.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN DAERAH RAWAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN DI KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikhwan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Forest Fire Management ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

Forest fire is one form of the disorder occur more frequently. The negative impact caused by forest fires large enough cover ecological damage, declining biodiversity, the decline in the economic value of forest and soil productivity, chan ges in micro and global climate and the smoke damage the health of people and disrupting transport by land, river, lake, sea and air. Given the impact of the forest fires, the efforts to protect the forest areas is very important. In an effort to control forest fires it is essential to map vulnerability to wildfires prepared to know which areas have the potential for fires. The purpose of this study was to map the vulnerability of land and forest fires in an effort to support the establishment of forest fire management strategy. Through a vulnerability map wildfires can provide vulnerability information to policy-making forest fire prevention / fire control and is expected to be the basis in prevention efforts as early as possible. The study was conducted from June until July 2014 and the case study research in Rokan Hilir Regency. Results of mapping the vulnerability of land and forest fires shows that most areas of Rokan Hilir Regency has a severe impact and the level of vulnerability is very high. Low-prone areas have extensive 9152.55 hectares (1.01%), the rate of moderate-prone area of 158,943.95 hectares (17.49%), high-level-prone area of 382,448.62 hectares (42.08%) and very high levels of vulnerability with an area of 358,374.00 hectares (39.43%).

scholarly journals Legal regulation of forest fire protection: the European experience for Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liubchych ◽  
S. Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forest Fire Protection

Problem setting. The article analyzes the status of the main normative legal acts in force, both domestic and international legislation. Some aspects of the legal regulation of forest fire protection are revealed. It is noted that Improvement of the forestry regulatory framework is a key and essential aspect for the development of an advanced state. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Commitment to reforestation after logging, sanitary felling after forest fires, diseases or as a result of winds and sailboats is a sustainable practice in European societies and an important aspect in the relationship between forest owners and society. At one time, this issue was paid attention to scientists: E.M. Gulid, O.V. Gulak, V.V. Deca, D.S. Chris, O.I. Lozynsky and so on. Target of research. The purpose of the article is to analyze the aspects of legal regulation of forest protection against fires. Special attention will be paid to comparative legal research on forest protection in Ukraine and European countries. Article’s main body. According to Art. 13 of the Constitution of Ukraine forest, like other natural resources of Ukraine (land, water, subsoil), is a national property that is the object of property rights of the Ukrainian people. Currently, the total land area of the forest fund of Ukraine is 10.8 million hectares, of which 9.5 million hectares is covered with forest vegetation, that is 15.7% of the territory of our country. According to V.P. Pechulyuk, legal regulation in the field of forestry in Ukraine cannot be called optimal and in line with international standards. In this context, scientists should agree that the important step in ensuring the fire safety of domestic forests is the full functioning of such monitoring system at the central, regional, local and local levels, its appropriate informational implementation, taking into account the specific features of individual regions regarding the level of fire safety. Forests at one time or another and the coordination and interaction of joint efforts by designated authorities, local governments and the public to minimize fire safety or mitigation. In view of the above, international instruments covering aspects of cooperation in the field of forest fires are few international agreements and acts of the European Community. Such as: 1. Ghana / Province of British Columbia (Canada). Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of Ghana and the Government of British Columbia, 1999 (On fire fighting training and advice). 2. Finland / Burkina Faso. Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Finland and the Government of Burkina Faso on Finland’s support in the fight against landscape fires, 1998 3. Indonesia and Malaysia. Standard Procedures for a Memorandum of Understanding on Disasters between Indonesia and Malaysia. This is the document that sets out the procedure for implementing the Memorandum of Understanding and so on. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Therefore, based on the above, on the basis of international regulations, the FAO’s recommendations regarding future actions on the legal aspects of forest fires management in Ukraine should be taken into account: regularly update information on international agreements and national legislation; further develop a plan for the development of international agreements and develop new contours of relevant operational guidelines and operational plans; including fire logistics; further review and evaluation of national forest fire legislation; to develop guidelines for the formulation of national legislation on forest fires.

scholarly journals Parameters and operation modes optimization of specialized truck for extinguishing forest fires

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022028
Author(s):  
A S Ustinov ◽  
S S Rogozin ◽  
E A Pitukhin ◽  
M P Astafyeva
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Fire Extinguishing

Abstract Recently, due to the warming of the climate, frequent forest fires have begun to cause significant damage to the environment. To effectively solve this problem, it is necessary to use a specialized forest fire truck designed for extinguishing forest fires. The rationale for optimizing the parameters and operating modes of a forest fire truck is given. As the objective function of the mathematical optimization problem, the production capacity is accepted, namely the area that a forest fire truck is able to extinguish. The parameters of the main and auxiliary equipment, the thermophysical properties of structural materials and the time of the estimated period of the production process of the forest fire truck are considered as control factors. The solution of the nonlinear optimization problem will allow us to calculate the production capacity, determine the required thermal and physical properties and offer new structural fire-resistant materials, recommend the main and auxiliary equipment, improve the ergonomic performance of cabins during fire extinguishing, increase the safety of the working conditions of the operator of a forest fire truck, and, as a result, to reduce the negative impact of forest fires on the environment.

Numerical simulation of the tree higro-thermal response in forest fire environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Eusébio Conceiçã ◽  
João Gomes ◽  
Maria Manuela Lúcio ◽  
Jorge Raposo ◽  
Domingos Xavier Viegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
View Factor ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Fire Environment ◽  
Fire Front ◽  
Heat Exchanges

This paper refers to a numerical study of the hypo-thermal behaviour of a pine tree in a forest fire environment. The pine tree thermal response numerical model is based on energy balance integral equations for the tree elements and mass balance integral equation for the water in the tree. The simulation performed considers the heat conduction through the tree elements, heat exchanges by convection between the external tree surfaces and the environment, heat exchanges by radiation between the flame and the external tree surfaces and water heat loss by evaporation from the tree to the environment. The virtual three-dimensional tree model has a height of 7.5 m and is constituted by 8863 cylindrical elements representative of its trunks, branches and leaves. The fire front has 10 m long and a 2 m high. The study was conducted taking into account that the pine tree is located 5, 10 or 15 m from the fire front. For these three analyzed distances, the numerical results obtained regarding to the distribution of the view factors, mean radiant temperature and surface temperatures of the pine tree are presented. As main conclusion, it can be stated that the values of the view factor, MRT and surface temperatures of the pine tree decrease with increasing distance from the pine tree in front of fire.

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