scholarly journals Development and Testing of a Low-Cost Belt-and-Roller Machine for Spheroid Fruit Sorting

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-606
Author(s):  
Vahid Farzand Ahmadi ◽  
Peyman Ziyaee ◽  
Pourya Bazyar ◽  
Eugenio Cavallo
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
State University ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Roller Machine ◽  
Fruit Sorting

Sorting is one of the most critical factors in the marketing development of fruit and vegetable and should be performed without any damage to the product. This article reports results of the development and testing of a prototype of a low-cost mechanical spherical fruit sorter based on a belt-and-roller device built at the State University of Tabriz, Iran. The efficiency and damage effect of the prototype of the machine was tested at different sorting rates on apples (Red Delicious and Golden Delicious) and oranges. Performance tests indicated that the speed of the feeding belt and transporting belt as well as the spherical coefficient significantly affect the machine’s sizing performance and damages. The results of the test showed a 95.28% and 92.48% accuracy in sorting for Red Delicious and Golden Delicious, respectively, and 94.28% for orange. Furthermore, the machine sorts fruits without any significant damage.

scholarly journals From real to virtual eyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1225-1234
Author(s):  
Mariana Matulovic ◽  
Cleber Alexandre de Amorim ◽  
Angela Vacaro de Souza ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
Geovane Yuji Aparecido Sakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
State University ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Future Improvement ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Fruit Sorting ◽  
Time Of Harvest

The change in the color of the vegetables peel during the ripening process is the main criterion used by the consumer to define the fruit ripeness degree and for the producer to determine the best time of harvest. This relationship between bark coloration and different maturation stages allows the producer to establish harvest planning and extend shelf life.  Students and faculty of the Biosystems Engineering course at São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã Campus, designed and developed a low-cost prototype of a fruit sorting belt, specifically for cherry group tomatoes. In the future, improvement in machinery with the insertion of new devices such as cameras, embedded system, combines sensor technology 3.0 with machine learning 4.0.

Fracture Toughness of Powder Metallurgy and Ingot Titanium Alloys – A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 551 ◽  
pp. 143-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Pal Singh ◽  
Brian Gabbitas ◽  
De Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ingot Metallurgy ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
High Degree

Powder metallurgy (PM) is potentially capable of producing homogeneous titanium alloys at relative low cost compared to ingot metallurgy (IM). There are many established PM methods for consolidating metal powders to near net shapes with a high degree of freedom in alloy composition and resulting microstructural characteristics. The mechanical properties of titanium and its alloys processed using a powder metallurgical route have been studied in great detail; one major concern is that ductility and toughness of materials produced by a PM route are often lower than those of corresponding IM materials. The aim of this paper is to review the fracture toughness of both PM and IM titanium alloys. The effects of critical factors such as interstitial impurities, microstructural features and heat treatment on fracture toughness are also discussed

scholarly journals Probabilistic Design of Wind Turbine Blades with Treatment of Manufacturing Defects as Uncertainty Variables in a Framework

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trey W. Riddle ◽  
Jared W. Nelson ◽  
Douglas S. Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
State University ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Montana State University ◽  
Blade Failure

Abstract. Given that wind turbine blades are such large structures, the use of low-cost composite manufacturing processes and materials has been necessary for the industry to be cost competitive. Since these manufacturing methods can lead to inclusion of unwanted defects, potentially reducing blade life, the Blade Reliability Collaborative tasked the Montana State University Composites Group with assessing the effects of these defects. Utilizing the results of characterization and mechanical testing studies, probabilistic models were developed to assess the reliability of a wind blade with known defects. As such, defects were found to best be assessed as design parameters in a parametric probabilistic analysis allowing for establishment of a consistent framework to validate categorization and analysis. Monte Carlo simulations were found to adequately describe the probability of failure of composite blades with included defects. By treating defects as random variables, the approaches utilized indicate the level of conservation used in blade design may be reduced when considering fatigue. In turn, safety factors may be reduced as some of the uncertainty surrounding blade failure is reduced when analysed with application specific data. Overall, the results indicate that characterization of defects and reduction of design uncertainty is possible for wind turbine blades.

scholarly journals Snowflake Selfies: A Low-Cost, High-Impact Approach toward Student Engagement in Scientific Research (with Their Smartphones)

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. E917-E935
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Kumjian ◽  
Kevin A. Bowley ◽  
Paul M. Markowski ◽  
Kelly Lombardo ◽  
Zachary J. Lebo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
State University ◽  
Engaged Scholarship ◽  
Mesoscale Meteorology ◽  
Penn State ◽  
Atmospheric Thermodynamics ◽  
Term Paper ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Intensive Course

Abstract An engaged scholarship project called “Snowflake Selfies” was developed and implemented in an upper-level undergraduate course at The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State). During the project, students conducted research on snow using low-cost, low-tech instrumentation that may be readily implemented broadly and scaled as needed, particularly at institutions with limited resources. During intensive observing periods (IOPs), students measured snowfall accumulations, snow-to-liquid ratios, and took microscopic photographs of snow using their smartphones. These observations were placed in meteorological context using radar observations and thermodynamic soundings, helping to reinforce concepts from atmospheric thermodynamics, cloud physics, radar, and mesoscale meteorology courses. Students also prepared a term paper and presentation using their datasets/photographs to hone communication skills. Examples from IOPs are presented. The Snowflake Selfies project was well received by undergraduate students as part of the writing-intensive course at Penn State. Responses to survey questions highlight the project’s effectiveness at engaging students and increasing their enthusiasm for the semester-long project. The natural link to social media broadened engagement to the community level. Given the successes at Penn State, we encourage Snowflake Selfies or similar projects to be adapted or implemented at other institutions.

scholarly journals In-motion Alignment of a Low-cost GPS/INS under Large Heading Error

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak H. Kaygısız ◽  
Bekir Şen
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Alignment Procedure ◽  
Attitude Error ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
New Type ◽  
Navigation Accuracy

This paper presents a new type of Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System (GPS/INS) providing higher navigation accuracy under large initial heading error. The mechanization introduced is applicable to low cost GPS/INS systems and enhances the performance when the heading error is large. The proposed approach has the capability to decrease large heading errors very quickly and can start the strapdown navigation computations under poor heading accuracy without any special alignment procedure. Although the design is applicable to land, sea and aerial vehicles, a land vehicle is used for the performance tests. The test is conducted around a closed path and the proposed system is compared to a GPS/INS system based on small attitude error assumption. The performance of both systems is given in this paper.

Combining sensor monitoring and ethnography to evaluate household latrine usage in rural India

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen O'Reilly ◽  
Elizabeth Louis ◽  
Evan Thomas ◽  
Antara Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Rural India ◽  
State University ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Portland State University ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Sensor Monitoring

This paper advances research on methods used to evaluate sanitation usage and behavior. The research used quantitative and qualitative methods to contribute to new understanding of sanitation practices and meanings in rural India. We estimated latrine usage behavior through ethnographic interviews and sensor monitoring, specifically the latest generation of infrared toilet sensors, Portland State University Passive Latrine Use Monitors (PLUMs). Two hundred and fifty-eight rural households in West Bengal (WB) and Himachal Pradesh, India, participated in the study by allowing PLUMs to be installed in their houses for a minimum of 6 days. Six hundred interviews were taken in these households, and in others, where sensors had not been installed. Ethnographic and observational methods were used to capture the different defecation habits and their meanings in the two study sites. Those data framed the analysis of the PLUM raw data for each location. PLUMs provided reliable, quantitative verification. Interviews elicited unique information and proved essential to understanding and maximizing the PLUM data set. The combined methodological approach produced key findings that latrines in rural WB were used only for defecation, and that low cost, pit latrines were being used sustainably in both study areas.

scholarly journals Application of Flexible Display Technology to Low Cost Multiplexed Point-of-Care Medical Diagnostic Testing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14s-14s
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Katchman ◽  
Joseph T. Smith ◽  
Jennifer Blain Christen ◽  
Karen S. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Display Technology

Abstract 62 One of the key roadblocks limiting the transition of high-sensitivity and high-specificity point-of-care technologies from the research laboratory to wide spread use is the availability of a low-cost-high-volume manufacturing technology. This work presents a new interdisciplinary approach combining low cost commercial display manufacturing technology with programmable high density protein microarray printing technology to fabricate disposable point-of-care immunosensors with clinical level sensitivity. Our approach is designed to leverage advances in commercial display technology to reduce pre-functionalized biosensor substrate costs to pennies per cm2, as well as to leverage the display industry’s ability to manufacture an immense number of low cost consumer electronic products annually. For this work, we demonstrate that our new approach can offer diagnostic sensitivity at or below 10 pg/mL, which approaches the lower limit of detection of typical clinical laboratory instrumentation. Our new approach is also designed to overcome the limited analytical sensitivity of existing POC devices (>100x improved sensitivity). It also contains new capability for multiplexed biomarker detection (>10 antigens) in a single low cost POC device through an innovative disposable and scalable architecture, based on flat panel display technology. Here, we demonstrate multiplexed detection of antibodies to the HPV16 proteins E2, E6, and E7, which are circulating biomarkers for cervical as well as head and neck cancers. This detection technology has 100 percent correlation to our current laboratory-based measurement instrumentation. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: Benjamin A. Katchman Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: Arizona State University Joseph T. Smith Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: Arizona State University Jennifer Blain Christen Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: Arizona State University Karen S. Anderson Stock or Other Ownership: Provista Diagnostics Consulting or Advisory Role: Provista Diagnostics Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: Arizona State University

Relationship between central performance test for growth in Hereford bulls and growth and carcass traits of progeny

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Baker ◽  
B. W. Wickham ◽  
C. A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACTFour central performance tests of growth in Hereford bulls from about 10 to 19 months of age on pasture were conducted in New Zealand. From the 100 bulls performance tested 63 were representatively sampled, including bulls with high and low performance test rankings, and progeny tested in dairy herds. Crossbred progeny were purchased from the dairy herds at 3 to 4 months of age, assembled in one location and reared together on pasture for 14 to 15 months prior to slaughter. Regressions of progeny growth and carcass traits on a number of different performance traits for growth of their sires were in almost all cases not statistically significant. The effective heritability, from offspring-sire regression, was 0·07 (s.e. 0·05) for final live weight and 009 (s.e. 0·06) for post weaning gain from about 200 to 550 days of age. It is concluded that central performance tests, as presently conducted in New Zealand, are of limited value for ranking breeding values of bulls for growth. Possible reasons for these results are discussed. It is suggested that pre-test environmental effects and age at the start of the central test are critical factors.

Translation + Pendaphonics = Movement Modulated Media

Leonardo ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron Lahey ◽  
Winslow Burleson ◽  
Elizabeth Streb
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vertical Wall ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Motion Sensing ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Projected Image ◽  
Time Control

Translation is a multimedia dance performed on a vertical wall filled with the projected image of a lunar surface. Pendaphonics is a low-cost, versatile, and robust motion-sensing hardware-software system integrated with the rigging of Translation to detect the dancers' motion and provide real-time control of the virtual moonscape. Replacing remotely triggered manual cues with high-resolution, real-time control by the performers expands the expressive range and ensures synchronization of feedback with the performers' movements. This project is the first application of an ongoing collaboration between the Motivational Environments Research Group at Arizona State University (ASU) and STREB Extreme Action Company.

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