Changes in Soil Properties and Bacterial Community Composition with Biochar Amendment after Six Years

Changes in soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community composition were investigated six years after biochar amendment at 0%, 4%, 8% and 12% (w/w), which were coded as C0, C1, C2 and C3, respectively. Results showed that some soil characteristics were sustainable, as they were still affected by biochar addition after six years. Compared to the control, biochar-treated soils had higher pH, total carbon (TC), C/N, total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK). Soil pH, C/N and the content of TC, TN and AK all increased along with the increase of biochar dosage. The results of Illumina MiSeq sequencing demonstrated that biochar enhanced soil bacteria diversity and modified the community composition over time. The relative abundance of Nitrospirae and Verrucomicrobia phylum increased but that of Acidobacteria phylum decreased significantly in biochar amended soils. The addition of biochar also enriched some bacterial genera, such as uncultured Nitrosomonadace, uncultured Gemmatimonadac, uncultured Nitrospiraceae and Magnetovibrio. In particular, the relative abundance of uncultured Nitrospiraceae was enhanced by 16.9%, 42.8% and 73.6% in C1, C2 and C3, respectively, compared to C0. Biochar has a potential role in enhancing the abundance of bacteria involved in N cycling. Soil pH, TC, TN, TK and AK, were closely related to alterations in the composition of the soil bacterial community. Meanwhile, these soil properties were significantly influenced by biochar amendment, which indicates that biochar affected the soil microbial community indirectly by altering the soil characteristics in the long term.

Download Full-text

Regulating Soil Bacterial Diversity, Enzyme Activities and Community Composition Using Residues from Golden Apple Snails

10.1101/692822 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jiaxin Wang ◽

Xuening Lu ◽

Jiaen Zhang ◽

Guangchang Wei ◽

Yue Xiong

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Bacterial Diversity ◽

Community Composition ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Apple Snail ◽

Low Levels

AbstractGolden apple snails (GAS) have become a serious pest for agricultural production in Asia. A sustainable method for managing GAS is urgently needed, including potentially using them to produce commercial products. In this study, we evaluate the effects of GAS residues (shell and meat) on soil pH, bacterial diversity, enzyme activities, and other soil characteristics. Results showed that the amendment of GAS residues significantly elevated soil pH (to near-neutral), total organic carbon (TOC) (by 10-134%), NO3-N (by 46-912%), NH4-N (by 18-168%) and total nitrogen (TN) (by 12-132%). Bacterial diversity increased 13% at low levels of amendment and decreased 5% at high levels, because low-levels of GAS residues increased soil pH to near-neutral, while high-levels of amendment substantially increased soil nutrients and subsequently suppressed bacterial diversity. The dominant phyla of bacteria were: Proteobacteria (about 22%), Firmicutes (15-35%), Chloroflexi (12%-22%), Actinobacteria (8%-20%) Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Cyanobacteria and Bacterioidetes. The amendment of GAS residues significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacterioidetes and Deinococcus-Thermus, but significantly decreased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Planctomycetes. Our results suggest that GAS residues treatment induces a near-neutral and nutrient-rich soil. In this soil, soil pH may not be the best predictor of bacterial community composition or diversity; rather soil nutrients (ie., NH4-N and NO3-N) and soil TOC showed stronger correlations with bacterial community composition. Overall, GAS residues could replace lime for remediation of acidic and degraded soils, not only to remediate physical soil properties, but also microbial communities.ImportanceThe wide spreading golden apple snail (GAS) is a harmful pest to crop productions and could result in soil and air pollutions after death. In the previous study, we developed a biocontrol method: adding GAS residues to acidic soil to mitigate the living GAS invasion and spread, improve soil quality, and reduce soil and air pollution. However, the effects of GAS residues amendment on bacterial diversity and community still remain unclear. This study provided insights into bacterial diversity and community compositions to facilitate the evaluation of GAS residues application.

Download Full-text

Erratum: Furtak, K., et al. Analysis of Soil Properties, Bacterial Community Composition, and Metabolic Diversity in Fluvisols of a Floodplain Area. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3929

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11216020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (21) ◽

pp. 6020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karolina Furtak ◽

Jarosław Grządziel ◽

Anna Gałązka ◽

Jacek Niedźwiecki

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Community Composition ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Metabolic Diversity ◽

Floodplain Area ◽

Published Paper

The authors would like to make the following correction about the published paper [...]

Download Full-text

Root-Associated Endophytic Bacterial Community Composition of Pennisetum sinese from Four Representative Provinces in China

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7020047 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhen-Shan Deng ◽

Bao-Cheng Zhang ◽

Xiang-Ying Qi ◽

Zhi-Hong Sun ◽

Xiao-Long He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Community Composition ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Plant Production ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Endophytic Bacterial Community

Pennisetum sinese, a source of bio-energy with high biomass production, is a species that contains high crude protein and will be useful for solving the shortage of forage grass after the implementation of “Green for Grain” project in the Loess plateau of Northern Shaanxi in 1999. Plants may receive benefits from endophytic bacteria, such as the enhancement of plant growth or the reduction of plant stress. However, the composition of the endophytic bacterial community associated with the roots of P. sinese is poorly elucidated. In this study, P. sinese from five different samples (Shaanxi province, SX; Fujian province, FJ; the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous prefecture, XJ and Inner Mongolia, including sand (NS) and saline-alkali land (NY), China) were investigated by high-throughput next-generation sequencing of the 16S rDNA V3-V4 hypervariable region of endophytic bacteria. A total of 313,044 effective sequences were obtained by sequencing five different samples, and 957 effective operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were yielded at 97% identity. The phylum Proteobacteria, the classes Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria, and the genera Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Arthrobacter, Psychrobacter, and Neokomagataea were significantly dominant in the five samples. In addition, our results demonstrated that the Shaanxi province (SX) sample had the highest Shannon index values (3.795). We found that the SX (308.097) and NS (126.240) samples had the highest and lowest Chao1 richness estimator (Chao1) values, respectively. Venn graphs indicated that the five samples shared 39 common OTUs. Moreover, according to results of the canonical correlation analysis (CCA), soil total carbon, total nitrogen, effective phosphorus, and pH were the major contributing factors to the difference in the overall composition of the bacteria community in this study. Our data provide insights into the endophytic bacteria community composition and structure of roots associated with P. sinese. These results might be useful for growth promotion in different samples, and some of the strains may have the potential to improve plant production in future studies.

Download Full-text

Soil properties, bacterial community composition, and metabolic diversity responses to soil salinization of a semiarid grassland in northeast China

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation ◽

10.2489/jswc.70.2.110 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 110-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Y. Zhang ◽

C. Cao ◽

L. Guo ◽

Q. Wu ◽

Z. Cui

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Community Composition ◽

Northeast China ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Soil Salinization ◽

Metabolic Diversity ◽

Semiarid Grassland

Download Full-text

Climate-related changes of soil characteristics affect bacterial community composition and function of high altitude and latitude lakes

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1111/gcb.13545 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 2331-2344 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Carina Rofner ◽

Hannes Peter ◽

Núria Catalán ◽

Fabian Drewes ◽

Ruben Sommaruga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

High Altitude ◽

Community Composition ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Soil Characteristics ◽

And Function

Download Full-text

Impact of Biochar Application to Soil on the Root-Associated Bacterial Community Structure of Fully Developed Greenhouse Pepper Plants

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00148-11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (14) ◽

pp. 4924-4930 ◽

Cited By ~ 195

Author(s):

Max Kolton ◽

Yael Meller Harel ◽

Zohar Pasternak ◽

Ellen R. Graber ◽

Yigal Elad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

16S Rrna ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Molecular Fingerprinting ◽

Content Type ◽

Biochar Amendment

ABSTRACTAdding biochar to soil has environmental and agricultural potential due to its long-term carbon sequestration capacity and its ability to improve crop productivity. Recent studies have demonstrated that soil-applied biochar promotes the systemic resistance of plants to several prominent foliar pathogens. One potential mechanism for this phenomenon is root-associated microbial elicitors whose presence is somehow augmented in the biochar-amended soils. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of biochar amendment on the root-associated bacterial community composition of mature sweet pepper (Capsicum annuumL.) plants. Molecular fingerprinting (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) of 16S rRNA gene fragments showed a clear differentiation between the root-associated bacterial community structures of biochar-amended and control plants. The pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons from the rhizoplane of both treatments generated a total of 20,142 sequences, 92 to 95% of which were affiliated with theProteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria, andFirmicutesphyla. The relative abundance of members of theBacteroidetesphylum increased from 12 to 30% as a result of biochar amendment, while that of theProteobacteriadecreased from 71 to 47%. TheBacteroidetes-affiliatedFlavobacteriumwas the strongest biochar-induced genus. The relative abundance of this group increased from 4.2% of total root-associated operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in control samples to 19.6% in biochar-amended samples. Additional biochar-induced genera included chitin and cellulose degraders (ChitinophagaandCellvibrio, respectively) and aromatic compound degraders (HydrogenophagaandDechloromonas). We hypothesize that these biochar-augmented genera may be at least partially responsible for the beneficial effect of biochar amendment on plant growth and viability.

Download Full-text

Woodchip biochar with or without synthetic fertilizers affects soil properties and available phosphorus in two alkaline, chernozemic soils

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2015-0094 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 472-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

J.A. Surani Chathurika ◽

Darshani Kumaragamage ◽

Francis Zvomuya ◽

Olalekan O. Akinremi ◽

Donald N. Flaten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

P Fractions ◽

Olsen P ◽

Synthetic Fertilizers ◽

Biochar Amendment

Fertility enhancement with biochar application is well documented for tropical acidic soils; however, benefits of biochar coapplied with synthetic fertilizers (SFs) on soil fertility are not well documented, particularly for alkaline chernozems. We examined the short-term interactive effects of woodchip biochar amendment with fertilizers on selected soil properties, available phosphorus (P), and P fractions of two alkaline Chernozems from Manitoba. Treatments were (1) urea and monoammonium phosphate fertilizers, (2) biochar at 10 g kg−1, (3) biochar at 20 g kg−1, (4) biochar at 10 g kg−1with fertilizers, (5) biochar at 20 g kg−1with fertilizers, and (6) a control. Treated soils were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and Olsen P concentration biweekly, and for P fractions, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic carbon (OC), and wet aggregate stability after 70 d of incubation. Biochar amendment without fertilizers significantly increased soil pH and CEC but had no effect on EC, while coapplication with fertilizers significantly increased Olsen P and labile P concentrations. When coapplied with fertilizers, biochar did not significantly increase soil pH relative to the control. Results suggest that biochar improved soil properties and available P in alkaline Chernozems, and the beneficial effects were enhanced when coapplied with SFs.

Download Full-text

The total and active bacterial community of the chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and its response to long-term warming in sub-Arctic tundra

10.1101/2020.03.04.976944 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ingeborg J. Klarenberg ◽

Christoph Keuschnig ◽

Denis Warshan ◽

Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir ◽

Oddur Vilhelmsson

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Community Composition ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Arctic Tundra ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Total Community ◽

First Time

AbstractLichens are traditionally defined as a symbiosis between a fungus and a green alga and or a cyanobacterium. This idea has been challenged by the discovery of bacterial communities inhabiting the lichen thalli. These bacteria are thought to contribute to the survival of lichens under extreme and changing environmental conditions. How these changing environmental conditions affect the lichen-associated bacterial community composition remains unclear.We describe the total (rDNA-based) and potentially metabolically active (rRNA-based) bacterial community of the lichen Cetaria islandica and its response to long-term warming using a 20-year warming experiment in an Icelandic sub-Arctic tundra. 16S rRNA and rDNA amplicon sequencing showed that the orders Acetobacterales (of the class Alphaproteobacteria) and Acidobacteriales (of the phylum Acidobacteria) dominated the bacterial community. Numerous ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) taxa could only be detected in the potentially active community but not in the total community. Long-term warming led to increases in relative abundance on class, order and ASV level. Warming altered the relative abundance of ASVs of the most common bacterial genera, such as Granulicella and Endobacter. The potentially metabolically active bacterial community was also more responsive to warming than the total community.Our results suggest that the bacterial community of the lichen C. islandica is dominated by acidophilic taxa and harbors disproportionally active rare taxa. We also show for the first time that climate warming can lead to shifts in lichen-associated bacterial community composition.

Download Full-text

Effects of Different Combinations of Sugar and Starch Concentrations on Ruminal Fermentation and Bacterial-Community Composition in vitro

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.727714 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jia-nan Dong ◽

Song-ze Li ◽

Xue Chen ◽

Gui-xin Qin ◽

Tao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Production Rate ◽

Community Composition ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Ruminal Fermentation

High levels of starch is known to have positive effects on both energy supply and milk yield but increases the risk of rumen acidosis. The use of sugar as a non-structural carbohydrate could circumvent this risk while maintaining the benefits, but its effects and that of the simultaneous use of both sugar and starch are not as well-understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different combinations of sugar and starch concentrations on ruminal fermentation and bacterial community composition in vitro in a 4 ×4 factorial experiment. Sixteen dietary treatments were formulated with 4 levels of sugar (6, 8, 10, and 12% of dietary dry matter), and 4 levels of starch (21, 23, 25, and 27% of dietary dry matter). Samples were taken at 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after cultivation to determine the disappearance rate of dry matter, rumen fermentation parameters and bacterial community composition. Butyric acid, gas production, and Treponema abundance were significantly influenced by the sugar level. The pH, acetic acid, and propionic acid levels were significantly influenced by starch levels. However, the interactive effect of sugar and starch was only observed on the rate of dry matter disappearance. Furthermore, different combinations of starch and sugar had different effects on volatile fatty acid production rate, gas production rate, and dry matter disappearance rate. The production rate of rumen fermentation parameters in the high sugar group was higher. Additionally, increasing the sugar content in the diet did not change the main phylum composition in the rumen, but significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was reduced. At the genus level, the high glucose group showed significantly higher relative abundance of Treponema (P < 0.05) and significantly lower relative abundance of Ruminobacter, Ruminococcus, and Streptococcus (P < 0.05). In conclusion, different combinations of sugar and starch concentrations have inconsistent effects on rumen fermentation characteristics, suggesting that the starch in diets cannot be simply replaced with sugar; the combined effects of sugar and starch should be considered to improve the feed utilization rate.

Download Full-text