scholarly journals Confirmation of Multiple Resistant Chloris radiata Population, Harvested in Colombian Rice Fields

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Verónica Hoyos ◽  
Guido Plaza ◽  
José G. Vázquez-Garcia ◽  
Candelario Palma-Bautista ◽  
Antonia M. Rojano-Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Acid Accumulation

This paper reports the first C. radiata population with resistance to glyphosate and multiple resistance to the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor, imazamox. Two populations, one putative resistant (R) and one susceptible (S), were used in the studies. Dose–response experiments were performed to evaluate the resistance factor (RF). Shikimic acid accumulation, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) and ALS enzyme activities were studied together with chemical integrated weed management (adjuvants and alternative herbicides). The resistance to glyphosate and imazamox was confirmed based on the dry weight reduction, visual evaluation and survival. The results of dose–response curve assays showed for the R population intermedium RF for glyphosate (5.1 and 9.7 for amount of herbicide needed to reduce the dry weight by 50% GR50 and lethal dose of 50% LD50, respectively) and high RF for imazamox (34.9 and 37.4, respectively). The low shikimic acid accumulation in R population confirmed the glyphosate resistance. The glyphosate concentration which inhibited the EPSPS enzyme in 50% (I50) was approximately 20 times higher for R population than the S population, while the imazamox I50 in ALS enzyme for the R plants was 89 times greater than the S plants. In the chemical integrated weed management, the foliar retention and effectivity assays showed that the use of adjuvants improves the retention of glyphosate and imazamox, and the reduction in dry weight of weeds. The alternative herbicides study showed that the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors, paraquat and glufosinate, had better results for control in this species. However, poor control was observed with bispyribac-sodium, metsulfuron-methyl and quinclorac, indicating possible cross-resistance for ALS-inhibitors and also multiple resistance for auxinic herbicides (quinclorac). Nevertheless dose–response experiments are required to confirm this assumption.

scholarly journals New Case of False-Star-Grass (Chloris distichophylla) Population Evolving Glyphosate Resistance

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Vázquez-García ◽  
Sajedeh Golmohammadzadeh ◽  
Candelario Palma-Bautista ◽  
Antonia M. Rojano-Delgado ◽  
José A. Domínguez-Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
First Case

Chloris distichophylla, suspected of glyphosate resistance (GR), was collected from areas of soybean cultivation in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A comparison was made with a susceptible population (GS) to evaluate the resistance level, mechanisms involved, and control alternatives. Glyphosate doses required to reduce the dry weight (GR50) or cause a mortality rate of 50% (LD50) were around 5.1–3 times greater in the GR population than in the GS population. The shikimic acid accumulation was around 6.2-fold greater in GS plants than in GR plants. No metabolized glyphosate was found in either GR or GS plants. Both populations did not differ in the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) basal activity or in vitro inhibition of EPSPS activity by glyphosate (I50). The maximum glyphosate absorption was observed at 96 hours after treatment (HAT), which was twofold higher in the GS plants than in the GR plants. This confirms the first case of glyphosate resistance in C. distichophylla. In addition, at 96 HAT, the GS plants translocated more 14C-glyphosate than the GR ones. The best options for the chemical control of both C. distichophylla populations were clethodim, quizalofop, paraquat, glufosinate, tembotrione, diuron, and atrazine. The first case of glyphosate resistance in C. distichophylla was due to impaired uptake and translocation. Chemical control using multiple herbicides with different modes of action (MOA) could be a tool used for integrated weed management (IWM) programs.

scholarly journals First Report of Amaranthus hybridus with Multiple Resistance to 2,4-D, Dicamba, and Glyphosate

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Dellaferrera ◽  
Eduardo Cortés ◽  
Elisa Panigo ◽  
Rafael De Prado ◽  
Pedro Christoffoleti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Resistant Population ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Invasive Capacity

In many countries, Amaranthus hybridus is a widespread weed in agricultural systems. The high prolificacy and invasive capacity as well as the resistance of some biotypes to herbicides are among the complications of handling this weed. This paper reports on the first A. hybridus biotypes with resistance to auxinic herbicides and multiple resistance to auxinic herbicides and the EPSPs inhibitor, glyphosate. Several dose response assays were carried out to determine and compare sensitivity of six population of A. hybridus to glyphosate, 2,4-D, and dicamba. In addition, shikimic acid accumulation and piperonil butoxide effects on 2,4-D and dicamba metabolism were tested in the same populations. The results showed four populations were resistant to dicamba and three of these were also resistant to 2,4-D, while only one population was resistant to glyphosate. The glyphosate-resistant population also showed multiple resistance to auxinic herbicides. Pretreatment with piperonil butoxide (PBO) followed by 2,4-D or dicamba resulted in the death of all individual weeds independent of herbicide or population.

scholarly journals First case of Conyza canadensis from Hungary with multiple resistance to glyphosate and flazasulfuron

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candelario Palma-Bautista ◽  
Behroz Khalil Tahmasebi ◽  
Pablo Tomás Fernández-Moreno ◽  
Antonia María Rojano-Delgado ◽  
Ricardo Alcántara de la Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Conyza Canadensis ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
First Case ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Als Inhibitor

Conyza canadensis is a species invading large agricultural areas throughout the world, mainly to its ability to evolve herbicide resistance. Specifically, in Hungary, extensive areas have been infested by this species due to the difficulty in controlling it with glyphosate. To corroborate this fact as resistance and not as an incorrect herbicide application, eight suspicious glyphosate-resistant C. canadensis populations from different Hungarian regions were studied. In dose-response assays with glyphosate, the LD50 and GR50 values indicated that populations 1 to 5 were resistant to this herbicide (H-5 population the most resistant). Besides, the shikimic acid accumulation tests corroborated the results observed in the dose-response assays. 11 alternative herbicides from 6 different mode of action (MOA) were applied at field doses as control alternatives on populations H-5 and H-6 (both in the same regions). The H-5 population showed an unexpected resistance to flazasulfuron (ALS-inhibitor). The ALS enzyme activity studies indicated that the I50 for H-5 was 63.3 fold higher compared to its correspondent susceptible population (H-6). Therefore, the H-5 population exhibited multiple-resistance to flazasulfuron and glyphosate, being the first case reported in Europe for this two MOA. For that reason, the other herbicides with different MOA have to be tested here.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Herbicides on Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Control and the First Case of Its Glyphosate Resistance in Greece

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1056
Author(s):  
Ilias Travlos ◽  
Panagiotis Kanatas ◽  
Anastasia Tsekoura ◽  
Ioannis Gazoulis ◽  
Panayiota Papastylianou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Baseline Sensitivity ◽  
Perennial Crops ◽  
First Case ◽  
Resistance Patterns

E. colona is a C4 annual summer grass which is troublesome to major summer annual and perennial crops. Due to recent complaints by the farmers, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy of penoxsulam, profoxydim, cycloxydim, cyhalofop-butyl, florpyrauxifen-benzyl and glyphosate against six E. colona accessions, and also to evaluate the response of these accessions to different rates of glyphosate in a dose-response experiment. In the first experiment, herbicides were applied at their maximum recommended label rates, while in the dose-response experiment, glyphosate was applied at six doses corresponding to 0, 1/4X, 1/2X, X, 2X, and 4X of the recommended rate. The dry weight of the biotypes TH8 and TH7 treated with profoxydim was 66% and 68% of the untreated control, respectively. The efficacy of cyhalofop-butyl against three accessions was lower than 30%, while two accessions were susceptible to this herbicide. The efficacy of penoxsulam against the biotypes ET2 and ET4 was lower than 10%, while dry weight of FT5 and TH8 was only reduced by 23%–28% as compared to the control. Cycloxydim application provided control higher than 75% at 21 days after treatment (DAT) of three accessions, while the majority of E. colona accessions was adequately controlled by the application of florpyrauxifen-benzyl. The response of the different accessions to glyphosate varied. The results of the glyphosate dose-response experiment revealed that the GR50 values of the resistant E. colona accessions ET2 and ET4 were up to 1098 and 1220 g a.e. ha−1 of glyphosate, respectively, whereas the GR50 value of the susceptible accession (FT5) was only 98 g a.e. ha−1. The resistance indices of ET2 and ET4 were 12.4 and 11.2, respectively, indicating that they have already developed resistance to glyphosate. Three more accessions could be also of developing resistant to glyphosate. This is the first report of glyphosate resistance from E. colona accessions in Greece, with indications of multiple resistance also present. Further research is needed in order to evaluate the efficacy of several herbicides under different soil and climatic conditions, conduct baseline sensitivity studies, reveal the evolvement of resistance patterns to glyphosate from accessions of Echinochloa spp., and search for alternative options of weed management in annual and perennial crops due to the clear indications of multiple resistance situations.

scholarly journals First Case of Conyza canadensis from Hungary with Multiple Resistance to Glyphosate and Flazasulfuron

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candelario Palma-Bautista ◽  
Behroz Khalil Tahmasebi ◽  
Pablo Tomás Fernández-Moreno ◽  
Antonia M. Rojano-Delgado ◽  
Ricardo Alcántara de la Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Conyza Canadensis ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
First Case ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Als Inhibitor

Conyza canadensis is a species invading large areas throughout the world, mainly due to its ability to evolve herbicide resistance. In Hungary, extensive areas have been infested by this species due to the difficulty in controlling it with glyphosate. To determine whether poor control was a result of misapplication or glyphosate resistance, eight suspected glyphosate-resistant C. canadensis populations from different Hungarian regions were studied. In whole-plant dose-response assays with glyphosate, the LD50 and GR50 values (survival and fresh weight reduction at 50% relative to the untreated control, respectively) indicated that resistance was confirmed in five of the eight populations (H-5 population being the most resistant). Additionally, the shikimic acid accumulation tests corroborated the results observed in the dose–response assays. 11 alternative herbicides from six different modes of action (MOA) were applied at field doses as control alternatives on populations H-5 and H-6 (both in the same regions). The H-5 population showed an unexpected resistance to flazasulfuron (ALS-inhibitor). The ALS enzyme activity studies indicated that the I50 for H-5 with flazasulfuron was 63.3 times higher compared to its correspondent susceptible population (H-6). Therefore, the H-5 population exhibited multiple-resistance to flazasulfuron and glyphosate, being the first case reported in Europe for these two MOA.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice (Oryza sativa L.) to glyphosate and glufosinate

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Vestena Cassol ◽  
Luis Antonio de Avila ◽  
Carla Rejane Zemolin ◽  
Andrey Piveta ◽  
Dirceu Agostinetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides

<p>Dose-response experiments were carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice to nonselective herbicides currently used in rice-soybean rotation in Rio Grande do Sul. Two red rice biotypes previously identified as resistant and susceptible to the imidazolinone herbicides were treated with imazapic plus imazapic, glyphosate and glufosinate under nine herbicide rates. A non-linear log-logistic analysis was used to estimate the herbicide rate that provided 50% red rice control and dry weight reduction (GR<sub>50</sub>). Imidazolinone-resistant red rice exhibited greater GR<sub>50</sub> values than imidazolinone-susceptible biotype for imazapyr plus imazapic. In contrast, both imidazolinone-resistant and susceptible red rice showed similar GR<sub>50</sub>values for glyphosate and glufosinate. These results indicate that glyphosate and glufosinate effectively control imidazolinone-resistant red rice at similar herbicide rates used to control imidazolinone-susceptible; however, integrated weed management practices must be adopted in rice-soybean rotation to delay resistance evolution of red rice populations to glyphosate and glufosinate</p>

Sumatran Fleabane (Erigeron sumatrensis) Resistant to PSI-Inhibitor Herbicides and Physiological Responses to Paraquat

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Jéssica F. L. Leal ◽  
Amanda dos S. Souza ◽  
Junior Borella ◽  
André Lucas S. Araujo ◽  
Ana Claudia Langaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Paraquat Resistance ◽  
Resistance To Herbicides

Abstract Herbicide-resistant weed management is one of the greatest agricultural challenges in crop production. Thus, the quick identification of resistant-herbicide weeds is extremely important for management. This study aimed to evaluate resistance to PSI-inhibitor herbicides (diquat) of Sumatran Fleabane [(Erigeron sumatrensis (Retz.) E.Walker)] and physiological response to paraquat application. The research was conducted with two E. sumatrensis biotypes, one susceptible and the other with multiple resistance to herbicides from five different modes of action (glyphosate, paraquat, diuron, saflufenacil, and 2,4-D). A dose-response assay was carried out to evaluate herbicide resistance to diquat in paraquat-resistant E. sumatrensis biotype. The enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured in both biotypes after paraquat (400 g ai ha−1) application. The dose-response assay confirmed resistance of E. sumatrensis to diquat with resistance factor levels of 26-fold and 6-fold for LD50 and GR50 values, respectively, compared with the susceptible biotype. The accumulation of H2O2 occurred faster in the paraquat-susceptible biotype than in the resistant ones. Paraquat treatment caused an increase in SOD and APX activity in the susceptible biotype, but antioxidant enzyme activities were unaffected by paraquat in the resistant one at 5 hours after application (HAA). Chlorophyll a fluorescence increased along the first 4 HAA in both resistant and susceptible biotypes. However, at 24 HAA the resistant biotype showed a decline in fluorescence close to untreated plants while susceptible one died, which can be used to diagnose paraquat resistance at 24 HAA. There is confirmed resistance to diquat in a paraquat-resistant E. sumatrensis biotype. The paraquat-resistant biotype does not induce antioxidative enzymes, as a possible mechanism of resistance to paraquat, but shows a fast recovery of photosynthesis and continuous growth when subjected to paraquat, while the paraquat-susceptible biotype does not survive.

POTENSI ALELOKIMIA DARI EXTRACT DAN MULSA BIOMAS TANAMAN SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Advent F. Sitanggang ◽  
Marulak Simarmata ◽  
Bilman Wilman Simanihuruk ◽  
Uswatun Nurjanah
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Test Plants ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

[ALLELOCHEMICAL POTENTIAL OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT AND MULCH OF PLANT BIOMASS OF SORGHUM (Sorgum bicolor L. Moench)]. This study was aimed to examine the allelopathic potential of sorghum through aqueous extract and mulch from biomass on seed germination and early growth of three tested plants, namely rice, mustard and cucumber. The results showed that the aqueous extract of the sorghum biomass significantly inhibited the germination of mustard and cucumber seeds, reduced the vigor-index of the germination of rice, mustard and cucumber seeds, and suppressed the growth of radicle length of mustard sprouts. The same thing was seen when sorghum biomass was tested as mulch which also suppressed the early growth of the tested plants on the variables of stem height, fresh and dry weight of biomass of rice, mustard and cucumber. The higher the concentration of allelochemicals extract or sorghum mulch, the stronger the inhibition on germination and early growth of the three test plants. At a concentration of 10% allelochemicals suppressed the germination of mustard and cucumber to 76 and 79%, respectively, while a dose of 10% mulch suppressed early growth in the height of rice, mustard, and cucumber to 56, 55, and 68%; and dry weight to 53, 30 and 60%. The results of this study are important information about the allelochemical potential of sorghum as a natural herbicide in integrated weed management

scholarly journals Multiple Resistance to Glyphosate and 2,4-D in Carduus acanthoides L. from Argentina and Alternative Control Solutions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1735
Author(s):  
Candelario Palma-Bautista ◽  
Pablo Belluccini ◽  
Valentin Gentiletti ◽  
José G. Vázquez-García ◽  
Hugo E. Cruz-Hipolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Carduus Acanthoides ◽  
Action Mechanisms ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South ◽  
Different Doses

Carduus acanthoides L. is an invasive species native to Europe and distributed in other parts of the world, including North and South America. In Cordoba, Argentina, control failures of this species have been reported in Roundup Ready (RR) soybean crops where glyphosate and 2,4-D have frequently been applied, although there are no confirmed reports worldwide of resistance to glyphosate and 2,4-D in this species. Dose–response tests showed multiple-resistance to both active principles. The resistant population (R) had LD50 values of 1854.27 and 1577.18 g ae ha−1 (grams of acid equivalent per hectare), while the susceptible (S) population had LD50 values of 195.56 and 111.78 g ae ha−1 for glyphosate and 2,4-D, respectively. Low accumulations of shikimic acid (glyphosate) and ethylene (2,4-D) at different doses in the R population compared to the S population support the results observed in the dose–response curves. No significant differences in leaf retention were observed for glyphosate and 2,4-D in the R and S populations. However, the use of adjuvants increased the retention capacity of herbicides in both populations. Ten alternative herbicides with seven different action mechanisms (MOAs) were evaluated and the most effective active principles were dicamba, bromoxynil, atrazine, tembotrione, flazasulfuron, glufosinate, and paraquat. These findings are the first evidence of glyphosate and 2,4 D resistance in C. acanthoides.

Integrating arthropod herbivory and reduced herbicide use for weed management

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1018-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Williams ◽  
Douglas B. Walsh ◽  
Rick A. Boydston
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Perennial Weed ◽  
Volunteer Potato ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Herbicide Use

Few studies have examined the combined effect of herbicide-induced stress and arthropod herbivory to reduce weed fitness. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of arthropod herbivory on the herbicide dose–response of a perennial weed. Fluroxypyr dose–response bioassays using volunteer potato were conducted in the presence and absence of Colorado potato beetle (CPB) herbivory. Logistic model parameter estimates for leaf area, shoot biomass, tuber number, and tuber biomass were often lower with herbivory, compared with no herbivory. Greater variance of parameter estimates within herbivory plots was attributed largely to differential feeding because CPB density was not manipulated in the field. Results from short-season field studies (1,000 growing degree days [GDD] after postemergence [POST] herbicide application) indicated that herbivory had the most effect on potato during a period that coincided with high CPB density and optimal temperatures for CPB development. Season-long bioassays (> 3,100 GDD after POST) revealed that addition of herbivory reduced herbicide use 65 to > 85%, compared with the dose needed to achieve the same reduction in tuber production in the absence of herbivory. Integrated weed management systems targeting volunteer potato are more effective when fluroxypyr applications are made before periods of high herbivory. Moreover, this article describes an experimental approach contributing to optimization of combined effects of arthropod herbivory and reduced herbicide doses.

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