scholarly journals Interruption of Seed Dormancy and In Vitro Germination of the Halophile Emerging Crop Suaeda edulis (Chenopodiaceae)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Francyelli Regina Costa-Becheleni ◽  
Enrique Troyo-Diéguez ◽  
Alejandra Nieto-Garibay ◽  
Luis Alejandro Bustamante-Salazar ◽  
Hugo Sergio García-Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
The Mean

Suaeda edulis (Flores Olvera & Noguez) is a halophile species that grows in saline environments, with concomitant difficulties to germinate and reproduce. Once a null germination under a salinity gradient or fresh water was observed, a plant-growth bioregulator (BioR) was applied to interrupt dormancy and improve germination in vitro. This BioR is composed of gibberellins and adjuvant regulators; and 12.5, 25.0, and 37.5 mg L−1 of gibberellins with immersion at 24, 48, and 72 h were assayed. Most of the normality and homoscedasticity tests were favorable, except in three of 24 cases. On the germination percentage (transformed values), the dose 25.0 mg L−1 reflected the highest values of 5.5 and 6.0 units at 48 and 72 h. For the mean germination time, the highest level of 37.5 mg L−1 at 24 h reflected the best response. For the germination rate, the best one was 25 mg L−1 at 48 h, reaching 12% per day, but for the germination speed coefficient, the best value was observed with 25.0 mg L−1 at 24 h. It was concluded that to improve germination of S. edulis seeds, it is necessary to assess a dose-gradient of gibberellins, starting at 25.0 mg L−1, with higher values to break dormancy.

scholarly journals SYNCHRONIZING THE in vitro GERMINATION OF Psidium guineense Sw. SEEDS BY MEANS OF OSMOTIC PRIMING

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Adriana Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
Mailson Monteiro do Rego ◽  
Manoel Abilio de Queiroz ◽  
Bárbara França Dantas ◽  
Wagner Campos Otoni
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT The Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense Swartz) is seed-propagated and, being native to the Caatinga biome, may frequently have uneven germination.Thus, we aimed to evaluate the synchronization of the in vitro seed germination of three accessions of the Brazilian guava, using water, polyethyleneglycol (PEG 6000), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) at different potentials and times of osmotic priming. Seeds from three accessions of the Brazilian guava (Y85, Y93,and Y97) from the UNEB/BA Germplasm Active Bank were subjected to the following pretreatments: -0.6, -1.0, -1.4, and -1,8 MPa PEG 6000; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 24h; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 48h; water for 24 and 48h; and non-primed seeds as the control. The experimental design was therefore a 10x3+1 factorial scheme. We assessed the germination percentage (G), mean germination time (MGT), germination speed (GS), and germination speed index (GSI). Data was subjected to analysis of variance followed by a means test (Duncan at 5% probability) and regression. There was interaction between the priming treatments and accessions for all evaluated features, except G. PEG 6000 decreased the MGT (from 6 to 8 days) and increased GS and GSI of seeds from all three accessions at potentials -1.0 to -1.5 MPa.Water-priming had a positive effect on MGT, GS, and GSI of accession Y85 seeds. KNO3 negatively affected germination of seeds from all three accessions. Thereby, we could synchronize seed germination of accessions Y85 and Y97 with PEG 6000.

scholarly journals The influence of light spectra, UV-A, and growth regulators on the in vitro seed germination of Senecio cineraria DC.

Revista CERES ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Pimentel Victório ◽  
Nina Cláudia Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Maria Apparecida Esquibel ◽  
Alice Sato
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
White Light ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of light spectra, additional UV-A, and different growth regulators on the in vitro germination of Senecio cineraria DC. Seeds were surface-sterilized and inoculated in MS medium to evaluate the following light spectra: white, white plus UV-A, blue, green, red or darkness. The maximum germinability was obtained using MS0 medium under white light (30%) and MS + 0.3 mg L-1 GA3 in the absence of light (30.5%). S. cineraria seeds were indifferent to light. Blue and green lights inhibited germination. Different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) (0.1; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1) and indole-3-acetic acid IAA (0.1; 0.3 and 1.0 mg L-1) were evaluated under white light and darkness. No concentration of GA3 enhanced seed germination percentage under white light. However, when the seeds were maintained in darkness, GA3 improved germination responses in all tested concentrations, except at 1.0 mg L-1. Under white light, these concentrations also increased the germination time and reduced germination rate. Germination rate, under light or darkness, was lower using IAA compared with GA3.

Problems with using mean germination time to calculate rate of seed germination

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Soltani ◽  
Farshid Ghaderi-Far ◽  
Carol C. Baskin ◽  
Jerry M. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Treatment Comparisons ◽  
Time Spread ◽  
Mean Time

Seed scientists and other plant biologists are interested in the measurement of germination because seeds from different individuals, populations, seed lots and treatments can differ in germination percentages, rate (speed) and uniformity. Mean time to germination (MGT) is a measure of the rate and time-spread of germination; however, there is a problem with using this method to calculate germination rate. MGT does not show the time from the start of imbibition to a specific germination percentage. MGT has been used to compare specific pairs or groups of means and to evaluate seed vigour. However, it is not the real time to mean germination but just an index of germination speed. Using MGT is not correct for ANOVA, post-ANOVA or the other comparison tests, because it does not show time to a specific germination percentage. Thus, we recommend that t50 be used instead of MGT. The t50 has all benefits of MGT, but it does not have the problems of MGT in treatment comparisons.

In vitro germination and pollen tube growth of maize (Zea mays) pollen. III. The effect of pollen genotype and pollen source vigor

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Pfahler
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Artificial Medium ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Pollen grains from three inbreds (H49, H55, and H50) and two of their single cross hybrids (H49 × H55 and H49 × H50) were cultured on an artificial medium containing 15% sucrose and 0.6% bactoagar supplemented with all possible combinations of two levels (0.00 and 0.03%) of calcium nitrate (Ca) and two levels (0.00 and 0.01%) of boric acid (B). For all characteristics measured (germination percentage, germination with more than one pollen tube percentage, rupturing percentage, length and growth rate of the pollen tubes), significant differences between inbreds were obtained on most combinations of Ca and B. Since the inbreds were presumably homozygous and, as a result, each produced pollen grains of only one genotype, these differences in germination characteristics were apparently produced by the genetic differences between the inbreds. Therefore, the in vitro germination characteristics of pollen grains are associated with pollen genotype. The response of the hybrids could not be accurately predicted from the behavior of their inbred parents. In general, the hybrid mean was in the range between the means for the two inbred parents. However, the value of the mean for the hybrid relative to the values of the parental means depended on which hybrid combination was involved. The results indicated that the germination characteristics of pollen grains on various combinations of Ca and B are influenced in large part by pollen genotype but that the genetic expression is quite complex. Vigor of the pollen source per se was not a factor.

Development of an embryo germination protocol for shy-seeded grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ashwini P. Benke ◽  
Ram Krishna ◽  
Roshni R. Samarth ◽  
Shweta S. Dhumal ◽  
Waquar A. Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Embryo Germination ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Benzyl Amino Purine

Abstract Acquisition and germination of seeds are the most desired targets for the improvement of vegetatively propagated crops. In the present study, we developed a potential embryo germination protocol for the Red Globe grape cultivar having a low seed germination rate. Three grape berries at different developmental stages, viz. 50, 60 and 70 days after flowering (DAF), were selected for in-vitro embryo germination. Three growth media, namely Emershad and Ramming (ER), Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) and Murashige and Skoog (MS), and plant growth regulators (benzyl amino purine (BA), 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 mg/l; indole butyric acid (IBA), 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l; and gibberellic acid (GA), 0.1, 0.3 and 0.9 mg/l) were screened individually in different combinations with three amino acids, namely cysteine, glutamine and proline (2.0 μmol/l each). The maximum embryos germination percentage recorded at 70 DAF was 63.33, 47.78 and 45.56% in ER, NN and MS media, respectively, supplemented with 0.9 mg/l BA, 2.0 mg/l IBA, 0.9 mg/l GA and 2.0 μmol glutamine. Glutamine was found to have the most significant impact, and it improved the rescued embryos germination. The present study provides a potential recipe for a medium that can facilitate efficient germination of grape embryos.

Chitosan coating on bean and maize seeds: release of agrochemical fungicide and post-storage condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Araceli Godínez-Garrido ◽  
Juan Gabriel Ramírez-Pimentel ◽  
Jorge Covarrubias-Prieto ◽  
Francisco Cervantes-Ortiz ◽  
Artemio Pérez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Germination Speed

Abstract: Chitosan is a biopolymer obtained from deacetylation of chitin; it has multiple applications in agriculture as an antifungal, soil conditioner, inducer of defense mechanisms, fruits postharvest coating, leaves and seeds, among others. The objective in this research was to evaluate the effect of chitosan coatings mixed with fungicide (dithiocarbamate) on the germination and germination speed of bean and maize seeds in storage and to determine the retention capacity of the fungicide in the coated seeds under different times of imbibition. Two coating treatments at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5% chitosan in water, two coatings treatments at 0.1 and 0.5% chitosan supplemented with 0.5% fungicide and a coating without chitosan using only 0.5% fungicide in water were used in bean and maize seed; and as control seeds imbibed in distilled water were used; after treatments, germination percentage and germination speed were determined, also fungicide release were determined at 0, 1, 2 and 6 h of imbibition, and the effect of storage time on germination and germination speed was determined at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days of storage at 4 °C and 45% relative humidity. The fungicide release effect was determined by inhibiting Fusarium oxysporum conidia germination. There were no negative effects of coatings on seed germination after storage. The treatment that provided both greater retention of the fungicidal agent and released it gradually, was 0.5% chitosan mixed with fungicide concentration. Chitosan coating seeds mixed with fungicide do not cause negative changes in seed germination or germination rate.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Chitosan and SiO2 Nanoparticles to Seed Germination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faride BEHBOUDI ◽  
Zeinalabedin TAHMASEBI SARVESTANI ◽  
Mohamad Zaman KASSAEE ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohamad MODARES SANAVI ◽  
Ali SOROOSHZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Plants such as wheat and barley that are strategically important crops need to be considered to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles (NPs). The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan and SiO2 NPs on wheat and barley plants. Two factorial experiments (seeds priming and direct exposure) were performed based on a completely randomized design in four replications. Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG). In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters. In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control. In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits. According to these results, selectivity in applications of NPs with suitable concentration and method is essential for different plant species.  

scholarly journals SUPERAÇÃO DA DORMÊNCIA EM SEMENTES DE Plathymenia reticulata Benth.

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Cássio Do Prado Borges ◽  
Cheila Deisy Ferreira ◽  
Daniela Pereira Dias
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
T1 And T2

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a germinação e vigor de sementes de Plathymenia reticulata Benth. submetidas a diferentes tratamentos para superação de dormência. Os tratamentos testados foram: controle - sementes intactas (T0), escarificação mecânica com lixa d’água nº 60 (T1), desponte na região lateral do tegumento (T2), imersão em água fervente por 10 min (T3), em hipoclorito de sódio por 15 min (T4) e em solução com detergente por 15 min (T5). Foram determinados: peso de mil sementes, grau de umidade, porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), tempo médio de germinação (TMG), curva de embebição, teste da condutividade elétrica e comprimento da radícula. A porcentagem de germinação das sementes submetidas ao T1 e T2 foi estatisticamente igual (respectivamente, 90 e 88%) e superiores aos outros tratamentos testados (12%). As sementes expostas aos T1 e T2 apesentaram porcentagem de absorção de água superiores e em menor tempo, assim como maiores IVG e menores TMG, comparadas aos demais tratamentos. O comprimento das radículas não variou entre os tratamentos testados. A condutividade elétrica da solução com as sementes do T0 foi superior aos outros tratamentos testados. Sementes de P. reticulata expostas ao T1 e T2 apresentam maior germinação e vigor.Palavras-chave: germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, teste de condutividade elétrica, vigor, vinhático. DORMANCY BREAKING OF Plathymenia reticulata Benth. SEEDS ABSTRACT:This study aimed to evaluate the germination and vigor of Plathymenia reticulata Benth. seeds submitted to different dormancy breaking treatments. Testing treatments were: control - intact seeds (T0); mechanical scarification with sandpaper n. 60 (T1), coating cutting in the lateral side of tegument (T2), immersion in boiling water during 10 min (T3), in sodium hypochlorite solution during 15 min (T4), and in detergent solution during 15 min (T5). Moisture content, 1000-seed weight, germination percentage, germination speed index (GSI), mean germination time (MGT), imbibition curve, electrical conductivity test, and radicle length were determined. Germination percentage to T1 and T2 were statistically equal (90 and 88 %, respectively) and higher than others treatments tested (12%). Seeds exposed to T1 and T2 also presented higher and faster water absorption percentage, when compared to the others treatments, as well as higher GSI, and lower MGT. The rootlets length did not vary among treatments tested. Electrical conductivity of intact seeds was higher than others treatments. P. reticulata seeds expose to T1 e T2 had highest germination percentage and vigor.Keywords: germination, germination speed index, electrical conductivity test, vigor, vinhático.

scholarly journals ACTIVATED CHARCOAL APPLICATION FOR THE MICROPROPAGATION OF Cattleya crispata (Thunb.) Van den Berg

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Denys Matheus Santana Costa Souza ◽  
Sérgio Bruno Fernandes ◽  
Letícia Vaz Molinari ◽  
Maria Lopes Martins Avelar ◽  
Gilvano Ebling Brondani
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Germination Speed

 Micropropagation is an alternative for the genetic conservation and propagation of endemic species from “Campo Rupestre Ferruginoso”, such as the orchid Cattleya crispata. The aim of the present study is to assess the influence of activated charcoal on the in vitro germination, multiplication and elongation phases of C. crispata. Seeds extracted from mature capsules were used for inoculation in the culture medium that was adopted to assess the effect of supplementation, or not, with activated charcoal. Data about germination speed, seedling number, length, vigor, oxidation and contamination (bacterial and/or fungal) were assessed through these phases. Based on the results obtained, the use of activated charcoal was efficient in the in vitro germination and multiplication phases of C. crispata, providing greater speed and percentage of germination, less contamination and oxidation of the tissues, greater number, length and vigor of shoots, being effective for the genetic conservation and production of seedlings of the species. Culture medium without the supplementation of activated charcoal provided the best results for the in vitro elongation, with greater length, vigor and less oxidation of shoots.

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