scholarly journals Pre-Grazing Herbage Mass Affects Grazing Behavior, Herbage Disappearance, and the Residual Nutritive Value of a Pasture during the First Grazing Session

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis F. Piña ◽  
Oscar A. Balocchi ◽  
Juan Pablo Keim ◽  
Rubén G. Pulido ◽  
Felipe Rosas
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Selection Differential ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Bite Rate ◽  
Nutrient Selection

During the first hours after the allocation of a grazing strip (first grazing session, GS), dairy cows eat most of the daily dry matter (DM) available. There are few studies that analyze how the grazing-down process changes the characteristics of the pasture during the first GS. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two pre-grazing herbage masses (HM; medium herbage mass (MHM) and high herbage mass (HHM) on the DM disappearance, grazing behavior of dairy cows, and the residual nutritive value of a pasture during the first GS. Two groups of twelve dairy cows were used to evaluate the grazing-down process, during a period of 62 days. The pre-grazing HM modified the bite rate, bite mass, and dry matter intake during the first GS. The pre-grazing HM affected the process of herbage disappearance of the pasture, especially during the first 60 min of the GS. The nutrient selection differential for acid detergent fiber was greater for HHM compared with MHM (0.93 vs. 0.86). In conclusion, pre-grazing HM affects the structural characteristics and the residual nutritive value of the pasture. The grazing process in the first GS was modified by the HM, affecting the defoliation and the DM disappearance rate of the pasture.

COMPARISON OF MALE STERILE CORN AND REGULAR CORN AS SILAGE FOR DAIRY COWS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. BURGESS ◽  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Relative Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Hybrid

The relative nutritive value of male sterile corn silage (23.7% dry matter) and regular corn silage (26.5% dry matter) was determined with lactating dairy cows during three consecutive crop years. The regular corn hybrid had 25% of the kernels removed by black birds prior to harvesting. Grain was fed according to milk production (1 kg/2.75 kg milk) and silage was offered ad libitum as the only forage. Dry matter, soluble carbohydrate and insoluble nitrogen percentages were lower while crude protein and acid detergent fiber levels were higher in the male sterile corn silage. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, nitrogen and energy determined with sheep were not different between silages. Silage dry matter intake and total dry matter intake were higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed regular corn silage in only one of the three trials. Actual milk, 4% fat-corrected milk yields and milk fat and protein percentages were not affected by silage treatment. Key words: Male sterile corn, silage, dairy cows

Hay supplements to overcome underfeeding of dairy cows. 2. Late lactation

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (109) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR King ◽  
CR Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ration Composition

The effect of hay supplementation on the performance of dairy cows on a restricted intake of paspalum-dominant perennial pasture was studied in two 21 -day periods in the eighth and ninth months of lactation. In each period, there were three groups fed pasture only at mean intakes of 15.2, 11.5 and 7.3 kg/cow day-1, two groups fed at similar pasture restriction levels and supplemented with hay ad libitum, and one further group fed an average of 7.3 kg of pasture supplemented with only 4.3 kg of hay. The data were analyzed by regression, using total dry matter intake as the dependent variable, and pseudovariables were used to examine the effects of hay feeding. The relations between total dry matter intake and milk, butterfat, protein and solids-not-fat production, and change in body condition of dairy cows were not altered by ration composition. Milk production declined linearly by 0.66 kg and 0.31 kg/cow day-1 in the eight and ninth months of lactation, respectively, for each kg reduction in total dry matter intake. Similar responses were obtained for butterfat, protein and solids-not-fat production. Gain in body condition of the cows also decreased as total intake fell, but the relation was curvilinear and not affected by stage of lactation. It was concluded that high quality hay can be used to overcome shortages of paspalum-dominant perennial pasture in autumn, and that it has similar. nutritive value to pasture in terms of milk production and body condition.

The nutritive value for dairy cows of silage made from formaldehyde-treated herbage

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Valentine ◽  
JC Radcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Significant Treatment

Formaldehyde-prepared silages and untreated silage were made from grass-clover herbage and offered to dairy cows. Formaldehyde was applied at 0.6 and 1.2% of the dry matter of the herbage. The 1.2% formaldehyde-prepared silage had significantly lower concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, total organic acids and propionic acid than untreated silage, but a higher concentration of lactic acid. The 0.6% formaldehyde-prepared silage had a similar degree of fermentation to untreated silage, but more lactic acid and less butyric acid were produced. Treatment with formaldehyde significantly reduced the in vitro digestibilities of dry matter and nitrogen. Cows offered the formaldehyde-prepared silages had significantly greater ad libitum dry matter intakes, produced significantly more milk, protein, butterfat and solids not fat (SNF), and utilized digestible energy more efficiently for milk production than cows offered untreated silage. Differences between treatments in the percentages of butterfat, protein and SNF in milk from cows offered the silages were generally not significant. Treatment with formaldehyde was a suitable method of controlling the ensiling fermentation to Increase the ad lib. dry matter intake and the production of milk and milk components by dairy cows.

Evaluation of festulolium (×Festulolium Braunii) ‘Paulita’ haylage in dairy cows: Nutritive value, dry matter intake, animal performance and rumen degradability

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko Touno ◽  
Shiro Kushibiki ◽  
Hiroyuki Shingu ◽  
Mitsuru Shinoda ◽  
Akinori Oshibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Animal Performance

Influence of Hoary Alyssum (Berteroa incana) on Quality of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Forage and Its Utilization by Goats

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Gilles D. Leroux ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
Neal A. Jorgensen ◽  
Michael Collins
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Animal Utilization

The chemical composition and the utilization by domestic goats (Capra hircusL. ‘Saanen’) of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) hay and silage that contained or did not contain hoary alyssum [Berteroa incana(L.) DC. ♯ BEFIN] was studied. Alfalfa was higher in quality than hoary alyssum; crude protein (CP) was 38% higher, and the neutral- and acid-detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) were 18 and 29% lower, respectively. Less CP and more ADF were found in weedy hay than in other forages. Animal utilization, as measured by the dry-matter intake, digestible dry-matter intake, relative intake, and nutritive value index were greater for weed-free than for weedy forages. Hoary alyssum was more deleterious in chopped silage than in long hay, because of selective refusal of the weed by goats that were fed hay. The presence of hoary alyssum in alfalfa decreased its utilization by ruminants.

ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Amoka Pius ◽  
Tawose O M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea.  N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

Digestibility of Nutrients as Influenced by Supplementation of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes in Dry Non-pregnant Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M, Lunagariya ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
S. V. Shah ◽  
Y. G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The study was planned to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) supplementation for 56 days @ 240 mg/kg total mixed ration (TMR) on digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in dairy cows. Six dry non-pregnant cows were assigned in each treatment with and without EFE. The digestibility trial of seven days was conducted after 49 days of feeding. Dry matter and nutrients intake of cows was not influenced by EFE. The supplementation of EFE had improved digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose (p less than 0.01), as well as digestibility of nitrogen-free extract and acid detergent fiber, was also higher (pless than 0.05). The body weight gain of cows was higher on the supplementation of EFE in TMR. The study concluded that feeding exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (240 mg/kg) supplemented TMR improved digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, which was reflected as higher body weight gain in dry non-pregnant Gir and crossbred dairy cows.

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