ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

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Self-fed Supplements of Low and Medium Intake for Beef Steers Finished on Pasture

10.21203/rs.3.rs-548103/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saimon de Souza Souza ◽

Régis Luis Missio ◽

Wagner Paris ◽

Jefferson Felipe Cavazzana ◽

Marcelo Machado Severo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Latin Square ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Ingestive Behavior ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Randomized Design

Abstract The obstacles of using supplementation are related to the cost and labor. Self-fed supplements of low and medium intake can be an option to overcome these problems. However, the nutritive value and pasture yield are crucial to finding the right composition and amount of supplement. We evaluated productive responses of steers receiving self-fed supplements of low and medium intake on Aruana grass pasture. The animal performance, ingestive behavior, and pasture characteristics were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replicates. Twenty-four Aberdeen Angus steers were used as the tester animals. The dry matter intake and nutrient digestibility were evaluated in a 3 x 3 double Latin square repeated over time. The treatments consisted of mineral salt (control), supplementation for intake of 1.5 g/kg body weight (low-intake), and supplementation for intake of 4.0 g/kg body weight (medium-intake). The supplements did not influence the pasture characteristics and ingestive behavior, except the number of bites/day that was higher for the low-intake. Dry matter digestibility and forage intake were not affected by the supplementation, but the total dry matter intake increased for the medium-intake. The average daily gain, stocking rate, and fat thickness gain were higher for the medium-intake. The self-fed supplements of medium-intake increase the total dry matter intake, maximizing the performance of steers on Aruana grass.

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Evaluasi Dedak Padi Kukus dan Suplementasi MHA (Methionine Hidroxy Analog) terhadap Kecernaan Nutrien Ransum Domba Lokal Jantan

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.v7i2.1036 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Wara Pratitis Sabar Suprayogi ◽

Susi Widyawati ◽

R. Hidayah

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Organic Matter Digestibility ◽

Male Sheep

The research aimed to know the effect of rice bran steaming and MHA supplementation on the increasing of nutrient digestibility of local male sheep. This research used 12 local male sheeps with average of body weight 10.32 ± 1.02 kg. Treatment of rations were for P0 (60 % king grass + 40 % bran), P1 (60 % king grass +40 % steamed bran), P2 (60 % king grass + 40 % steamed bran + 1 g MHA). Design used in research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in one-way pattern using 3 treatments. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications. Parameters observed were dry matter intake, organic matter intake, dry matter nutritive value index and organic matter nutritive value index. The result of treatment P0, P1, and P2 for dry matter intake were 960.024; 909.426; and 926.399 g/head/day respectively, organic matter intake were 825.036; 772.665; and 796.225 g/head/day, organic matter digestibility in percent were 72.424; 73.050; and 73.068, organic matter digestibility in percent were 75.989; 76.306; and 76.239, dry matter nutritive value index were 695.396; 664.392; and 677.654 g/head/day and organic matter nutritive value index were 626.894; 589.985; and 607.649 g/head/day. The variance Analysis showed that the usage of steamed rice bran and adding of MHA given non significantly effect (P>0.5) on dry matter intake, organic matter intake, dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, dry matter nutritive value index, and organic matter nutritive value index. It can be concluded that the treatments did not affect variables that were measured. Keyword : local male sheep, steamed bran, MHA, digestibility

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Evaluasi Dedak Padi Kukus dan Suplementasi MHA (Methionine Hidroxy Analog) terhadap Kecernaan Nutrien Ransum Domba Lokal Jantan

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.7.2.52-59 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Wara Pratitis Sabar Suprayogi ◽

Susi Widyawati ◽

R. Hidayah

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Organic Matter Digestibility ◽

Male Sheep

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Effect of salinomycin and enzyme supplementation on nutrient digestibility and the performance of pigs fed barley- or rye-based diets

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas92-013 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 117-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

P. A. Thacker ◽

G. L. Campbell ◽

J. W. D. GrootWassink

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Control Diet ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Beta Glucanase ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Crossbred Pigs

Two experiments of a factorial design (sex × treatment) were conducted to determine the effects of enzyme and salinomycin supplementation on the nutritive value of barley or rye-based diets for growing pigs fed from approximately 20 to 85 kg. For exp. 1, 72 crossbred pigs were fed either a barley-based control diet or a similar diet supplemented with enzyme (Aspergillus niger; 750 units g−1 beta-glucanase and 650 units g−1 pentosanase), salinomycin (25 ppm) or both additives in combination. For exp. 2, two replicates of 48 pigs were fed either a barley-based diet, an unsupplemented rye-based diet or a rye-based diet supplemented with enzyme, salinomycin or both additives. During both experiments, chromic oxide (0.5%) was added to the diet of four to six pigs/treatment to act as a digestibility indicator starting when the pigs reached 42 kg. Neither enzyme nor salinomycin, alone or in combination, significantly improved the growth rate or feed efficiency of pigs fed barley or rye. Supplementation of barley with the combination of additives significantly (P < 0.05) improved protein digestibility while neither enzyme nor salinomycin had any effect on nutrient digestibility when fed alone. In rye-based diets, salinomycin, both alone and in combination, significantly (P < 0.05) improved the digestibility of crude protein and energy. Dry matter digestibility of the rye-based diets was unaffected by treatment. Key words: Swine, rye, barley, beta-glucanase, pentosanase, salinomycin

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THE INFLUENCE OF VARYING RATIO OF COWPEA HUSK AND MAIZE MILLING WASTE ON THE FEED INTAKE, PROTEIN AND ENERGY UTILIZATION BY THE GOAT.

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v21i1.1156 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 108-112

Author(s):

A. A. Adeloye

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Control Diet ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility

The acceptability and efficacy of. combinations of cowpea husk (CH) and maize milling waste (MMW) as feed for the goat were tested. The experiment, in a 4x4 Latin square design involved digestion trials with 4 West African dwarf grower goats weighing 8.2 to 9.6 kg. and about 4 months old. There were 3 experimental diets made up of CH and MMW in 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25 ratio of mixture. The control diet was 60 percent chopped Pennisetum purpureum plus 40 percent concentrate ration. The animals were fed at 5 percent of body weight. All trials lasted 80 days. Parameters for assessment were dry matter intake, protein and energy intakes and utilization. Feed intake values (%of body weight) in all experiemental diets were higher than 3 percent and increased with increasing levels of cowpea husk, Only the intake of 4.38% of body weight from 75:25 CH-MMW supported weight gain. Increases in MMW in the experimental diets resulted in significant (P<0.05) increases in dry matter digestibility. The crude protein intake and digestion increased with increasing inclusion of cowpea husk, but intake and utilization were not adequate at CH-MMW 25:75 and 50:50. The energy intake and utilization increased (P<0.05) across the treatment. Increasing levels of cowpea husk enhanced dry matter, energy intakes and energy utilization, Decreasing levels of cowpea, consistent with increasing MMW improved dry matter digestibility but not dry matter intake. The high crude fibre of cowpea husk is implicated. The utilization of the available energy in the mixture is limited by protein intake.

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Nutritive values and chemical composition of seven tropical legumes and lucerne grown in subtropical south-eastern Queensland

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9670540 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 7 (29) ◽

pp. 540 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

R Milford

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Feeding Experiments ◽

Vigna Vexillata ◽

Tropical Legumes ◽

Feeding Value

The chemical composition and feeding value of seven tropical legumes and lucerne were determined by pen feeding experiments with sheep. Most of the legumes were harvested during autumn and winter. Lucerne had the highest feeding value and the highest values for the tropical legumes were obtained for Vigna vexillata, Lotononis bainesii, and Desmodium uncinatum. After frosting, the feeding values of Phaseolus lathyroides and Vigna vexillata were reduced but that of Desmodium uncinatum was not changed. This may have been due to a greater loss of leaf by both P. lathyoides and V. vexillata than by D. uncinatum. Frost did not affect Lotononis bainesii and Medicago sativa, and both had a higher feeding value than the legumes affected by frost. The usefulness of crude protein and crude fibre for estimating dry matter digestibility and dry matter intake and the relation between dry matter digestibility and dry matter intake is discussed. The use of dry matter digestibility to express the nutritive value of feed energy in preference to organic matter digestibility, starch equivalents, and total digestible nutrients is also discussed.

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Effect of diets containing graded levels of groundnut haulms on Dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility and Nitrogen balance of Friesian x Bunaji Bulls

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v45i1.354 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 342-350

Author(s):

H. I. Finangwai ◽

O. W. Ehoche ◽

G. E. Jokthan ◽

P. P. Barje

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Energy Content ◽

Control Diet ◽

Nutrient Balance ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Percent Nitrogen

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding concentrate diets containing varying levels of groundnut haulms on dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility and nutrient balance in Friesian x Bunaji bulls. The feed consisted of four concentrate mixed diets formulated to contain on average 14.45- 14.65% crude protein. Groundnut haulms (GH) in the concentrate diets were on nitrogen basis at 0, 25, 50 and 75% levels with control diet having 0% inclusion of GH. Sixteen bulls aged 12-18months were divided into four each and were randomly allotted to the four treatment diets in a completely randomized design for metabolic trial. During trial, the bulls were housed in metabolic crates and fed Gamba hay adlib and the basal or particular test concentrate mixture at 40% of estimated DM intake. Chemical composition and energy contents of the diets were determined. Dry matter intake (D M ) and organic matter intake (OMI) were also determined. The CP value averaged 14.45±0.44 - 14.65±1.22% for the four experimental diets. The metabolizable energy content expressed in Kcal/kg of diets decreased with increase in GH level from 0-75% (3166-1752 kcal/kg). There was no significant (P>0.05) difference on voluntary DMI and OMI. The digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP, CF, EE, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and ash were significantly (P<0.05) higher at 75% level of groundnut haulms. CF and ADF digestibility were significantly influenced (P<0.05) when groundnut haulms level reached 25%. Conversely, the digestibility of NFE did not differ (P>0.05) across treatments. Nitrogen balance were similar (P>0.05) among animals fed concentrate mixtures. Nitrogen balance expressed in percent was slightly higher at 75% level of groundnut haulms. It is concluded that inclusion of GH in concentrate diets of crossed bulls up to 75% can improve nutrient digestibility and the percent Nitrogen balance.

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Influence of monensin on intake of some anti-nutritive components in diets fed to West African dwarf (WAD) goats

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v37i2.1350 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 218-226

Author(s):

R. Y. Aderinboye ◽

C. F. I. Onwuka

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Control Diet ◽

West African ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

West African Dwarf ◽

West African Dwarf Goats ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Dwarf Goats

Sixteen (16) West African dwarf goats weighing an average of 73 kg +1.2 were used in a completely randomized experimental design to determine the influence of feeding monensin on intake of some anti-nutritive components contained in the diet. Results showed that animals placed on monensin supplemented diets at levels of 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg DM had significantly (P<0.05) reduced intakes of tannin, oxalate, saponin and nitrate compared to those placed on the control diet (0 mg monensin/ kg DM). No significant difference (P>0.05) occurred amongst the monensin-supplemented groups. Fecal concentrations of tannin, oxalate, saponin and nitrate were similarly observed to reduced (P<0.05) with monensin inclusion. However, the percentage disappearance of each of the anti nutritive components was not altered (P>0.05). Reductions in total dry matter intake were observed in response to monensin supplementation at 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg DM relative to the control but dry matter digestibility and weight gain in animals were not altered. The reductions in the intake of dry matter with monensin feeding were assumed to have consequently caused the reductions in the intake of anti-nutritive components from the diet. This reduction caused by monensin would be of benefit, in a bid to lessen some of the nutritional problems usually encountered when animals consume large quantities of these components in the diet. Monensin inclusion at levels between 15 and 45mg/kg DM could therefore be recommended to alleviate toxicity problems commonly associated with intake of anti-nutritive substances in feed.

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PREDICTION OF THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF ALFALFA (SARANAC), BROMEGRASS (SARATOGA) AND TIMOTHY (CHAMP, CLIMAX, BOUNTY) FED AS HAY TO GROWING SHEEP

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas81-048 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 403-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J. R. SEOANE ◽

M. CÔTÉ ◽

P. GERVAIS ◽

J. P. LAFOREST

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Water Retention ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Nitrogen Excretion ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Protein Nitrogen

Forty-five male sheep (31.6 kg average body weight) were used to determine the nutritive value of three cultivars of timothy, (Champ, Climax and Bounty), one of bromegrass (Saratoga) and one of alfalfa (Saranac) fed as hays. Daily dry matter intake of Bounty (76.7 g/kg0.75 per sheep) was similar to that of alfalfa and bromegrass (76.4 and 73.9 g/kg0.75, respectively) and higher (P < 0.01) that that of Champ and Climax (65.1 and 65.8 g/kg0.75, respectively). Apparent nutrient digestibility values were highest for bromegrass, with the exception of protein, nitrogen-free extract and lignin, which were more digestible for alfalfa than for the grasses. Saratoga bromegrass had the highest TDN values and supported the highest average daily weight gains. Protein digestibility was directly related to the crude protein content of the hays (r = 0.98, P < 0.01). The true digestibility of nitrogen was estimated to be 90.12% with a metabolic nitrogen excretion of 4.46 g of N/kg of dry matter intake. Digestibility of cell contents was also directly related to its percentage in the forages (r = 0.97, P < 0.01). Dry matter digestibility was predicted from cell wall components by a summative equation (r = 0.96, P < 0.01). Voluntary dry matter intake (g/kg0.75) was negatively correlated with "water retention capacity" (r = − 0.99, P < 0.01) and with "packed volume" values of the hays (r = − 0.93, P < 0.05). It is suggested that under certain circumstances, the physical characteristics of hays such as density and water retention capacity are factors that influence voluntary intake.

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The effect of wilting berseem and lucerne herbage on voluntary dry-matter intake by buffalo heifers

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600020931 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 47-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Yoelao ◽

M. G. Jackson ◽

Ishwar Saran

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Matter Content ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Average Loss ◽

Lower Water Content ◽

Practical Implications

SUMMARYTwo changeover experiments, each on eight buffalo heifers, were conducted in two different years to determine the effect of wilting lucerne herbage (Exps. 1 and 2) and berseem herbage (Exp. 2 only) on voluntary dry-matter intake. The dry-matter content of the herbages increased by field wilting from 27 to 50 and from 26 to 44% for lucerne in Exps. 1 and 2 respectively, and from 21 to 31% for berseem. The drymatter intake, nutrient digestibility coefficients, nutritive value index and retention time of undigested residues were determined for each fresh and wilted herbage.Wilting increased the dry-matter intake of lucerne from 2·3 to 2·8 and from 2·1 to 3·5 kg per 100 kg body weight in Exps. 1 and 2 respectively. Berseem dry-matter intake was increased from 2·2 to 3·1 kg per 100 kg body weight. Digestibility coefficients of all nutrients of both herbages increased by 6–20%. Retention times were unaffected by wilting. The nutritive value indices for lucerne and berseem in Exp. 2 increased by 160 and 60% respectively. In Exp. 2, the average loss of herbage dry matter due to wilting was 3·8%. The higher consumption of the wilted herbages is ascribed to their lower water content. The practical implications of these results are discussed.

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