scholarly journals Multi-Parametric Portfolio to Assess the Fitness and Gonadal Maturation in Four Key Reproductive Phases of Brown Trout

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Diana Santos ◽  
Eduardo Rocha ◽  
Fernanda Malhão ◽  
Célia Lopes ◽  
José F. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Sentinel Species ◽  
Recreational Fishing ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Gonadal Maturation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Reproductive Phases ◽  
Physiological Variations

Brown trout is an environmental freshwater sentinel species and is economically important for recreational fishing and aquaculture. Despite that, there is limited knowledge regarding morpho-physiological variations in adults throughout the reproductive cycle. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the fitness and gonadal maturation of cultured adult brown trout in four reproductive phases (spawning capable—December, regressing—March, regenerating—July, and developing—November). The systematic evaluation of males and females was based on biometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters, along with a histomorphological grading of gonads and the immunophenotype location of key steroidogenic enzymes. The total weight and lengths reached the lowest levels in December. Gonad weights were higher in December and November, while the opposite pattern was found for liver weights. The lowest levels of cholesterol and total protein were also noted during those stages. The 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) for males, and estradiol (E2) and T for females, mostly explained the hormonal variations. The immunohistochemistry of cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17-I), aromatase (CYP19), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) showed sex and site-specific patterns in the distinct reproductive phases. The sex- and season-specific changes generated discriminative multi-parameter profiles, serving as a tool for environmental and aquaculture surveys.

Variation within and between Rivers in Adult Size and Sea Age at Maturity of Anadromous Brown Trout, Salmo trutta

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Henning L'Abée-Lund
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Spawning Area ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

I compared adult size and sea age at sexual maturity among nine populations of anadromous brown trout, Salmo trutta, in two Norwegian rivers to determine the extent of inter- and intrariverine variations. Variation in the mean length of spawners and in the mean sea age at sexual maturity were mainly dependent on the variations found within rather than between rivers. Mean lengths and mean age at maturity of males increased significantly with increasing altitude of the spawning area and with migration distance in freshwater. In females, positive significant correlations were found with mean lengths and altitude of the spawning area and with mean sea age at maturity and both spawning site altitude and migration distance. Mean lengths and ages of males and females were not significantly correlated with the rate of water discharge in the streams during spawning. The size of gravel substrate for spawning was of minor importance in explaining interpopulation variation in mean female size. The increase noted in mean length and in mean sea age at maturity of both males and females is probably an adaptation to greater energy expenditure to reach the uppermost natal spawning areas.

Site fidelity of slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus): insights from stable carbon and nitrogen analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1717-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Gray ◽  
R A Cunjak ◽  
K R Munkittrick
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Sentinel Species ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Cottus Cognatus ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Slimy Sculpin

Concerns regarding sentinel species for assessing environmental impacts include residency, abundance, and suitability for measuring responses, if effects are to be attributable to local conditions. Stable isotope analysis was used as a tool to investigate site fidelity of slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) to establish residency and exposure for the sculpin. We predicted that sculpin collected from sites adjacent to agricultural activity would show higher δ15N values than those collected from sites in forested areas because of isotopic enrichment by fertilizers in the former. The predominant use of chemical fertilizer applications in the region, however, resulted in no specific enrichment of 15N in sculpin collected in the agricultural region. However, there was an incremental enrichment in the fish muscle tissue of approximately 5‰ in δ13C values in a downstream direction, irrespective of surrounding land use. As a result, the dual-isotope comparison was successful at demonstrating site-specific isotopic signatures across sites for 30 km of the river system. The site-specific signatures suggest that slimy sculpin are not moving considerable distances among sites and are incorporating their isotopic signatures over a narrow spatial scale. The results support the use of the slimy sculpin as a sentinel species for investigating site-specific environmental impacts.

scholarly journals Patterns of Human Papillomavirus DNA and Antibody Positivity in Young Males and Females, Suggesting a Site-Specific Natural Course of Infection

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e60696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike J. Vriend ◽  
Johannes A. Bogaards ◽  
Fiona R. M. van der Klis ◽  
Mirte Scherpenisse ◽  
Hein J. Boot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
A Site ◽  
Papillomavirus Dna

scholarly journals Reproductive biology and development of gill glands in the inseminating characid, Macropsobrycon uruguayanae Eigenmann, 1915 (Cheirodontinae: Compsurini)

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. Azevedo ◽  
Luiz R. Malabarba ◽  
John R. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Gonadal Maturation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Synchronous Development ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Columnar Cells

The reproductive biology and development of the gill gland are described for Macropsobrycon uruguayanae, an inseminating characid species of the tribe Compsurini, subfamily Cheirodontinae. Between April 2001 and March 2002, 117 males and 143 females of this species were collected in the rio Ibicuí, Uruguay basin in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Reproductively active individuals were present during most months sampled, indicating lack of a well-defined seasonal reproductive period. Several maturing females were found to be inseminated before completing full maturation. Histological analyses demonstrated spermatozoa within the ovaries of females in different stages of gonadal maturation collected during most months. No immature females had inseminated ovaries. Standard length at first gonadal maturation was estimated to be 24 mm for both males and females. Mean absolute fecundity was 191.08 (± 48.83 SD) oocytes per female, one of the lowest among characids. Relative fecundity was 0.539 (± 0.069 SD) oocytes per mg weight of the female, a value similar to that found for the majority of species of Cheirodontinae. The presence of two cohorts of oocytes within ovaries of M. uruguayanae indicates synchronous development, with total spawning. The mean diameter of mature oocytes was 0.6711 (± 0.1252 SD) mm, smaller than that found for the majority of species of Characidae. Gill glands occurred in all mature males, as well as in males undergoing advanced maturation. In the latter case, fewer gill filaments comprised the glands. Gill glands were not observed in immature males, males undergoing the initial stages of maturation, or in any female. A given gill gland may comprise as many as 24 filaments of the lateral hemibranch of the first gill arch. Secondary lamellae within most of the gill gland are greatly reduced, with columnar cells being present between them. These columnar cells contain abundant vesicles, suggesting secretory activity. The morphology of the gill gland of M. uruguayanae resembles that found in the majority of characid species that possess this structure.

scholarly journals Reproductive Dynamics of Iheringichthys labrosus (Lütken, 1874) (Teleostei, Pimelodidae), in the Capivara Reservoir, Paranapanema River, Parana, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Mineo Suzuki ◽  
Diego Azevedo Zoccal Garcia ◽  
Mário Luís Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gonadal Maturation ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Iheringichthys Labrosus ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
Size At First Maturity

To study the reproductive dynamics of the mandi-beiçudo, Iheringichthys labrosus, in the Capivara Reservoir, Paranapanema River, Parana, Brazil, specimens were captured trimonthly from March 2001 to July 2004 at four sampling sites. The sex ratio showed a predominance of females in most of months sampled and the larger length classes. The majority of the individuals captured showed a standard length between 16 and 22 cm, with a maximal length of 27.5 cm. The size at first maturity was estimated to be 18.1 and 19.7 cm for females and males, respectively. Analysis of the temporal variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and frequency of occurrence of gonadal maturation stages of males and females for the months sampled showed that I. labrosus reproduces during the whole year, with peak reproduction in November and December. There was a positive correlation between the mean values of GSI and variation in rainfall values, suggesting that this abiotic factor can influence the reproduction of this species. The mean absolute fecundity was 67274.5  16562.5 oocytes, and the mean relative fecundity was 350.6  186.3 oocytes per gram of total weight.

Systematic Evaluation of Site-Specific Recombinant Gene Expression for Programmable Mammalian Cell Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuša Pristovšek ◽  
Saranya Nallapareddy ◽  
Lise Marie Grav ◽  
Hooman Hefzi ◽  
Nathan E. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Cell Engineering ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Recombinant Gene Expression ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Recombinant Gene

scholarly journals Definitive Prebasic Molt of Gray Catbirds at two Sites in New England

The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 894-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Dwyer Heise ◽  
Christopher C. Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Behavioral Observations ◽  
Fat Stores ◽  
Dumetella Carolinensis ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Second Year

Abstract We studied the pattern and timing of prebasic molt in adult Gray Catbirds (Dumetella carolinensis) at two New England sites: Block Island, Rhode Island (BIRI), and the Vermont Institute of Natural Science (VINS) in Woodstock, Vermont. Catbirds at VINS initiated molt earlier and molted at a significantly slower rate than catbirds at BIRI. Mean individual molt durations spanned approximately 54 days at VINS and 44 days at BIRI. The two groups ended molt at about the same time. Catbirds at VINS were more variable in the timing of their molt. At both sites, second-year catbirds began and ended molt significantly earlier than after second-year catbirds. Males and females did not differ significantly in their rate or timing of molt at either site. Behavioral observations at BIRI indicated that catbirds spent less time foraging during the heaviest period of molt, but that increased foraging during late molt stages coincided with increases in fat stores, indicating overlap of molt and hyperphagy. We found no evidence that Gray Catbirds at either site departed for migration prior to completing remigial molt. The later molt schedule of BIRI birds likely resulted from the extended breeding season of some individuals. We believe that molt schedules at the two sites were influenced less by latitude per se than by site-specific differences in vegetation, food abundance, and temperature, resulting from differing elevations and conditions of coastal and inland environments.

scholarly journals Reproductive behavior and parental roles of the cichlid fish Laetacara araguaiae

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Barreto Teresa ◽  
Eliane Gonçalves-de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
South American ◽  
Territorial Defense ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Reproductive Phases

We described the reproductive behavior of the small South American cichlid Laetacara araguaiae in streams from Brazil. We predicted that this species will show reproductive cooperation and division of labor between males and females in a similar way presented by other substrate-spawner cichlids. Thus, we studied 34 pairs in the pre-spawning (n = 11), egg/wriggler (n = 11) and fry (n = 12) phases. In the pre-spawning phase both sexes become involved in nest building and territorial defense, but females emphasizes building nest (p = 0.03), while males invest more time in territorial defense (p = 0.04). After spawning, male and female alternate between rearing eggs and defending nest in the territory. In the egg/wriggler phase females devotes more time rearing the brood while males remain defending territory (p = 0.02). These differences disappear when young are in the fry stage, and parents jointly stay closer to fry (p = 0.98). However, at this phase, there is a reduction in the frequency of threats shown by males (p<0.01) and an increase in the frequency of attacks shown by female (p<0.01) that could be a response to an increased demand for parental defense. Our results indicate that the reproductive cooperation between males and females of L. araguaiae is marked by division of labor in the early reproductive phases and by sharing of parental duties as brood develops.

Seasonal and Morphological Variations of Brown Trout (Salmo truttaf.fario) Kidney Peroxisomes: A Stereological Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1146-1154
Author(s):  
Albina D. Resende ◽  
Alexandre Lobo-da-Cunha ◽  
Fernanda Malhão ◽  
Eduardo Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time ◽  
Proximal Tubule Segments

AbstractLiterature about fish kidney peroxisomes is scarce. To tackle this caveat, a stereological approach on renal peroxisome morphological parameters was performed for the first time in a fish, establishing correlations with maturation stages as it was previously done in brown trout liver. Three-year-old brown trout males and females were collected at the major seasons of their reproductive cycle. Trunk kidney was fixed and processed for catalase cytochemistry. Classical stereological methods were applied to electromicrographs to quantitate morphological parameters. Different seasonal variation patterns were observed between genders, and between renal proximal tubule segments I and II. In males, peroxisomes from proximal tubule segment II had a relatively higher volume and number in May, being individually bigger in February. Females presented similar trends, though with less marked variations. Overall, males and females did not show exactly the same seasonal patterns for most peroxisomal parameters, and no correlations were found between the latter and the gonado-somatic index (GSI). Hence, and despite the variations, the morphology of renal peroxisomes is not strictly correlated with gonad maturation kinetics, therefore suggesting that kidney peroxisome morphology is not seasonally modulated by sex steroids, like estradiol, as it seems to happen in liver peroxisomes.

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