scholarly journals Response to Therapeutic Abortion in Lactating Dairy Cows Carrying Dead Twins during the Late Embryo/Early Fetal Period

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2508
Author(s):  
Fernando López-Gatius
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Abortion Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Embryonic Period ◽  
Dose Response Effect ◽  
Early Fetal Period

This study examined the dose–response effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) when used to induce abortion in cows with two dead twins at pregnancy diagnosis 28–34 days post-AI (late embryonic period: LE) or at pregnancy confirmation 49–55 days post-AI (early fetal period: EF). The study population consisted of 415 cows receiving a single PGF2α dose (PG1 group: 254 LE and 161 EF cows) and 200 receiving a 1.5 × PGF2α dose (PG1.5 group: 121 LE and 79 EF cows). The induced abortion rate was significantly lower (chi-square test; p < 0.0001) in the EF (34.6%) than LE cows (88%), and was also reduced (p = 0.001) in the EF PG1 group (28%) compared with the EF PG1.5 group (48.1%). High milk production (≥45 kg) was the only factor influencing the induced abortion rate in LE cows (odds ratio 0.2; p < 0.0001), whereas the odds ratio for induced abortion of PG1.5 cows was 2.3 (p = 0.005) in EF cows. In conclusion, an increased PGF2α dose had no effect on abortion induction during the late embryonic period and its rate was inversely associated with milk production. This higher PGF2α dose did, however, offer benefits during the early fetal period.

scholarly journals Frequency and characteristics of induced abortion among married and single women in São Paulo, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca de Souza e Silva ◽  
Elisabeth Meloni Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Abortion Rate ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Induced Abortions

This article presents the results of a study in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, aimed at estimating the frequency of induced abortion among women 15 to 49 years of age. The objective was to characterize the occurrence of induced abortion by comparing the ideal number of children, age, and contraceptive use between married and single women. Based on random sampling, 1,749 interviews were held, including 764 married women, 658 single women, and 327 with other marital status. The analysis included: mean number of abortions per woman by analysis of variance and proportions of abortions and pregnancy, using the chi-square test. The mean abortion rate for married women (45 per thousand) did not differ statistically from that of single women. However, the pregnancy rate was much lower in single women, and when single women became pregnant they used abortion more frequently; while fewer than 2% of pregnancies in married women ended in induced abortions, among single women the abortion rate exceeded 18%. Therefore, the priority in the reproductive health field should be to invest in the supply and dissemination of appropriate contraceptive methods for women's early sexually active life.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Cláudio Rodrigues Leles ◽  
Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽  
Marcelo Sampaio Moura ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

Vicinity of Schools, But Not of Residences, Seems to Regulate Physical and Sports Activities of 13-Year-Old Teenagers in a South European Setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Magalhães ◽  
Elisabete Ramos ◽  
Maria Fátima Pina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sports Activities

Background:Proximity to urban green spaces (UGS) and open sports spaces (OSS) benefits health, promotes physical activity (PA) and sports practice (SP).Objective:Analyze the association between PA or SP according to distances between UGS or OSS and teenagers’ residences or schools.Methods:We evaluated 1333 (53.9% girls) teenagers (13 years old) living and studying in Porto, Portugal (EPITeen cohort). PA was classified as light or moderate/vigorous. Distances were the shortest routes from residences or schools to UGS/OSS, and classified in ≤250 m; >250 m to ≤500 m; >500 m to ≤750 m; >750 m. Chi-square test and chi-square for trends were used to compare proportions; associations were measured using logistic regression, through odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals, adjusting to BMI and parental education.Results:Regarding vicinity’ of schools, the prevalence of moderate/vigorous PA among boys, decreases as distances to OSS increases. For girls, the prevalence of sports decreases as distances to UGS increase. For boys, we found an association between moderate/vigorous PA and proximity to OSS in the vicinity of schools: considering ≤250 m as reference, the odds of moderate/vigorous PA is 0.20 (0.06–0.63) for >250 m to ≤500 m; 0.21 (0.07–0.61) for >500 m to ≤750 m and 0.19 (0.06–0.58) for >750 m.Conclusion:Vicinities of schools seem to influence teenagers to be more physically active and increase sports participation.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Tumor Ganas Payudara Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan RSUD Andi Makkasau Kota Parepare

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Nurul Magfirah ◽  
Haniarti ◽  
Rini Anggraeny
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Chi Square

ABSTRAK Hasil pemeriksaan deteksi dini kanker payudara di Indonesia Tahun 2017 telah ditemukan 12.023tumor payudara, dan 3.079 curiga kanker payudara. Di antara 5 kanker yang paling sering dijumpai,kanker payudara tercatat mencapai 2,09 juta kasus. Untuk mencari faktor risiko tumor ganaspayudara seperti usia, riwayat melahirkan, riwayat menyusui, riwayat keluarga, riwayat menopause,dan riwayat pemakaian alat kontrasepsi hormonal. Metode survei analitik dengan desain casecontrol dengan jumlah sampel 80 responden yang terbagi atas sampel kasus sebanyak 40 respondendan sampel kontrol sebanyak 40 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah consecutivesampling dengan uji Chi-Square dan Odds Ratio. Faktor yang ditemukan sebagai faktor risikomeliputi usia (OR=19,0; CI95%=4,02-89,6), riwayat melahirkan (OR=2,17; CI95%=1,70-2,78),riwayat kanker dalam keluarga (OR=6,33; CI95%=1,28-31,1), riwayat menopause (OR=2,33;CI95%=1,78-3,05), riwayat pemakaian alat kontrasepsi hormonal (OR=6,33; CI95%=1,50-14,4),sedangkan riwayat menyusui tidak termasuk faktor risiko (OR=1,00; CI95%=0,39-2,50). Sebaiknyapeneliti selanjutnya melakukan uji multivariat, uji interaksi, dan confounding. Diharapkan petugaskesehatan melakukan penyuluhan tentang pemakaian kontrasepsi hormonal ≥ 5 tahun yang dapatmeningkatkan kejadian tumor ganas payudara. Kata Kunci: Tumor Ganas Payudara, Umur, Melahirkan, Keluarga, Menopause, KB Hormonal

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA ISAPAN BAYI DENGAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM JEMURSARI SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Aprillia Tauriska ◽  
Farida Umamah
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Breast Milk Production ◽  
Chi Square Test

The correlation between baby’s suck and breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers in RSI Jemursari Surabaya. The mothers feel reluctant to breastfeed their babies even though the exclusive breastfeeding has become a government’s propaganda. The pre-data taken from 15 breastfeeding mothers inform that 60% had a low breast milk production. Purpose of this study was to find out the correlation between baby’s suck and breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers in RSI Jemursari Surabaya.The design of study was analytic-observational done by applying cross sectional approach. The population involved all breastfeeding mothers as imumnunization visiting the hospital with their babies, totally 18 people, in which 17 respondents were taken by using probability sampling technique. The instrument used for collecting the data was a checklist. The variables used in this study were baby’s suck and breast milk production. The data were analyzed by using Chi-Square test with the significance level α = 0.05.The result of study showed that nearly all of the babies (94.1%) sucked correctly, whereas nearly all of the mothers (88.2%) had sufficient breast milk production. Moreover, the result of statistic test showed that p = 0.018 with the significance level α = 0.05 so that p < α. It also meant that H0 was rejected. The conclusion of study often the babies suck correctly, breast milk is produced. Hence, the breastfeeding mothers to still maintaining for breastfeed their baby with train them how to breastfeed correctly to increase breast milk production.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Amount of Lifting Burden With Fatigue Levels of the Workers In Bulog Warehouse at Dasan Cermen Mataram

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 047-050
Author(s):  
Mulya Tarmidi
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Tool ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Heavy Burden

Every worker lift burden differently due to physical condition and age of the workers so the researchers wanted to see whether there was a correlation between the  amount of weight lifted with the level of fatigue of the workers. The research purposes was to identify the correlation be- tween the amount of weight lifted and the level of fatigue in workers in the warehouse Bulog Dasan Cermen Mataram 2015. This research was analytic survey research, Cross Sectional want to raise the amount of weight lifted relationship with the level of fatigue of the worker carried out once the observations within a specified period or one time. The study population was all worker of Bulog Warehouse as many as 35 people. Based on the test tool Pearson Chi-Square was obtained was obtained p = 0.005 <a 0.05 (significant). The total Weight Appointed With Fatigue Level Workers In Bulog Warehouse At Dasan Cermen Mataram had significant correlation. With the value of the odds ratio = 7.778, which meant someone who had a heavy burden had seven times greater risk of causing fatigue.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Keterampilan Kader dalam Menimbang Bayi dan Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Natar Lampung Selatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-337
Author(s):  
Astriana Astriana ◽  
Nita Evrianasari
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional

Latar Belakang : Gizi pada  bayi dan balita merupakan indikator pembangunan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Sumber daya manusia yang sehat dan berkualitas merupakan modal utama pembangunan  kesehatan yang menentukan suatu bangsa. Saat ini indonesia dihadapkan tidak hanya pada masalah gizi kurang akan tetapi dihadapkan  pada permasalahan gizi ganda (double burden) yaitu gizi lebih dan kurang. Berbagai usaha telah dilakukan untuk menangani masalah gizi diindonesia, salah satunya adalah dengan membuat suatu wadah pelayanan kesehatan bersumberdaya masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh, dari dan bersama masyarakat yaitu pos pelayanan terpadu (posyandu). Dalam observasi langsung pada kegiatan penimbangan bayi dan balita di posyandu kader tidak melakukan sesuai langkah penimbangan yang telah ditetapkan sehingga hasil penimbangan tidak valid. hal ini akan mengakibatkan  gambaran status gizi yang dihasilkan menjadi kurang tepat, selain itu kader juga tidak menggambarkan grafik pada buku KMS dan tidak melakukan penyuluhan.Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan keterampilan  kader dalam menimbang bayi dan balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Natar Lampung Selatan.Metode : Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, dengan rancangan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di posyandu wilayah kerja Pukesmas Natar Lampung Selatan. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 132 responden menggunakan teksnik sampling simple random sampling.Analisa data menggunakan chi-SquareHasil: Uji statistic menggunakan chi-square  diperoleh  p-value  0,000 < α 0,05, yang berarti bahwa H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima atau berarti ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan keterampilan kader dalam menimbang bayi dan balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas natar lampung selatan. Dengan nilai  Odds Ratio sebesar 416,667.                Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan keterampilan kader dalam menimbang bayi dan balita di posyandu wilayah kerja puskesmas Natar Lampung Selatan.Kata kunci: Pengetahuan kader, keterampilan, menimbang

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