scholarly journals Productive Performance and Cecum Microbiota Analysis of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with β-Mannanases and Bacteriophages—A Pilot Study

Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Pantoja-Don Juan ◽  
Gabriela Gómez-Verduzco ◽  
Claudia C. Márquez-Mota ◽  
Guillermo Téllez-Isaías ◽  
Young M. Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Microbiota Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Index ◽  
Poultry Nutrition

This study was conducted to evaluate the productive performance, intestinal health, and description of the cecum microbiota in broilers supplemented with β-mannanases (MNs) and bacteriophages (BPs). Six hundred one-day-old broilers were divided into four groups and fed one of the following diets: CON—corn–soybean meal + 10 ppm enramycin (ENR); MN: CON + 500 ppm MN; BP: CON + 500 ppm BP; MN + BP: BP + 500 ppm MN. The BP and MN factors showed similar performances to ENR. MN improved the concentration of IgA in the jejunum at 35 days of age. The morphometric index (IM) of the thymus increased by adding MN, while BP increased the liver and thymus IM. The histological analysis showed that BP and MN improved the intestinal morphology. MN + BP showed a tendency to decrease the abundance of Proteobacteria and increase the abundance of Bacteroidetes, indicating better microbiota function. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the combination of MN + BP has potential in poultry nutrition; however, we highly recommend further experiments to confirm this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Microbiota, Gut Health and Chicken Productivity: What Is the Connection?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Diaz Carrasco ◽  
Natalia A. Casanova ◽  
Mariano E. Fernández Miyakawa
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Chicken Gut Microbiota

Gut microbiota and its relationship to animal health and productivity in commercial broiler chickens has been difficult to establish due to high variability between flocks, which derives from plenty of environmental, nutritional, and host factors that influence the load of commensal and pathogenic microbes surrounding birds during their growth cycle in the farms. Chicken gut microbiota plays a key role in the maintenance of intestinal health through its ability to modulate host physiological functions required to maintain intestinal homeostasis, mainly through competitive exclusion of detrimental microorganisms and pathogens, preventing colonization and therefore decreasing the expense of energy that birds normally invest in keeping the immune system active against these pathogens. Therefore, a “healthy” intestinal microbiota implies energy saving for the host which translates into an improvement in productive performance of the birds. This review compiles information about the main factors that shape the process of gut microbiota acquisition and maturation, their interactions with chicken immune homeostasis, and the outcome of these interactions on intestinal health and productivity.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS YIELD OF BROILERS FED INCREASING LEVELS OF SUNFLOWER CAKE

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVELINE BERWANGER ◽  
◽  
RICARDO VIANNA NUNES ◽  
TACIANA MARIA MORAES DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
DOUGLAS FERNANDO BAYERLE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Sunflower Cake ◽  
Intestinal Morphometry ◽  
Performance Results

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the performance, carcass yield and intestinal morphometry of 1- to 21-day-old broiler chickens fed a diet containing increasing levels of sunflower cake, supplemented with or without an enzyme complex (EC). We used 1200 Cobb 500 birds, which were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x5 factorial scheme and five levels of sunflower cake inclusion (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) in diets supplemented or not with EC. Each treatment consisted of 5 replicates. Animals were fed the experimental diets from 1 to 21 days of age and from 22 to 42 days all birds received the same feed based on corn and soybean meal. There was no interaction between the level of sunflower cake inclusion and presence of EC. From 1 to 21 days of age, the weight gain, final weight, and feed intake linearly decreased (P<0.05) with increasing sunflower cake inclusion level. At 42 days old, after animals consumed diets based on corn and soybean meal (from 22 to 42 days), the levels provided least 21 days did not influence the performance results. Animals receiving the EC in the first phase showed better results at the end of the experiment (P<0.05). Up to 21 days old, carcass yield decreased, and abdominal fat increased with the sunflower cake inclusion. The addition of EC in the diet improved the thigh, breast and carcass yield. Intestinal morphology after 21 days revealed that the three segments of the intestine had at least one type of change, such as a decrease in villus height and increase in crypt depth, with increased level of sunflower cake in the diet, affecting performance.

PSXVI-6 Supplemental effects of phytase on bone parameters, intestinal health, nutrient digestibility and growth performance on broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 413-413
Author(s):  
Vitor Hugo C Moita ◽  
Marcos E Duarte ◽  
Sung Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
P Content ◽  
Supplemental Effects

Abstract This study aimed to determine supplemental effects of phytase (VTR BIO-TECH, China) on bone parameters, jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota, intestinal morphology, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of broiler chickens (Ross 308). Newly hatched broiler chickens (360, 44 ± 6 g BW) were randomly allotted in 6 treatments with 10 birds per cage based on CRD and fed for 27 d. Dietary treatments were the supplementation levels of phytase providing (0; 500; 1,000; 2,000; 4,000 FTU/kg feed) and 0.15% less Ca and 0.15% less P than the recommended requirements by ROSS 2019. Titanium dioxide (0.4%) was added to the diets as an indigestible marker to measure AID. On d 27, 3 birds were randomly selected from each cage and euthanized to collect jejunal mucosa and tissue to measure microbiota diversity and morphology, ileal digesta to measure AID, and left tibia to measure bone parameters. Data were analyzed using SAS. Phytase supplementation tended to increase overall ADG (P = 0.078; 39.7 to 42.2 g/d), whereas without affecting the overall ADFI and G:F. Phytase supplementation reduced (P &lt; 0.05) Pelomonas (10.01 to 2.64%) and tended to reduce Helicobacter (P = 0.085; 10.67 to 0.88%); Pseudomonas (P = 0.090; 2.02 to 0.31%); Sphingomonas (P = 0.071; 1.03 to 0.19%). Phytase supplementation increased (P &lt; 0.05) villus height (884 to 989 µm); the AID of CP (65.4 to 70.6%) and P (36.3 to 43.7%). Increasing phytase supplementation from 0 to 1,296 FTU/kg increased (P &lt; 0.05) breaking strength (184 to 213 N) and P content in the tibia (9.5 to 10.0%). In conclusion, phytase supplementation up to 4,000 FTU/kg feed showed benefits on intestinal health by reducing harmful bacteria in the jejunal mucosa, enhancing intestinal morphology and by increasing the AID of nutrients; and on the bone parameters by increasing the breaking strength and P content.

scholarly journals Curcumin reduces enteric isoprostane 8-iso-PGF2α and prostaglandin GF2α in specific pathogen-free Leghorn chickens challenged with Eimeria maxima

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor M. Petrone-Garcia ◽  
Raquel Lopez-Arellano ◽  
Gabriela Rodríguez Patiño ◽  
Miriam Aide Castillo Rodríguez ◽  
Daniel Hernandez-Patlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Eimeria Maxima ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products ◽  
Challenge Control ◽  
Specific Pathogen

AbstractThe purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate and determine the concentration of prostaglandin GF2α (PGF2α) and isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α in plasma and intestine of specific pathogen-free (SPF) Leghorn chickens challenged with Eimeria maxima, with or without dietary supplementation of curcumin using solid‐phase microextraction and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Eighty 1-day-old male SPF chickens were randomly allocated to one of four groups with four replicates (n = 5 chickens/replicate). Groups consisted of: (1) Control (no challenge), (2) Curcumin (no challenge), (3) Eimeria maxima (challenge), and (4) Eimeria maxima (challenge) + curcumin. At day 28 of age, all chickens in the challenge groups were orally gavaged with 40,000 sporulated E. maxima oocysts. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the groups regardless of the treatment or challenge with E. maxima. Enteric levels of both isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α and PGF2α at 7 days and 9 days post-challenge were significantly increased (P < 0.01) compared to the non-challenge control chickens. Interestingly, the enteric levels of both isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α and PGF2α at 7 days post-challenge were significantly reduced in chickens fed curcumin, compared to control chickens challenge with E. maxima. At 9 days post-challenge, only levels of isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α in the enteric samples were significantly reduced in chickens challenged with E. maxima supplemented with curcumin, compared with E. maxima challenge chickens. No differences of isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α or PGF2α were observed in plasma at both days of evaluation. Similarly, no significant differences were observed between the challenge control or chickens challenge with E. maxima and supplemented with curcumin at both times of evaluation. The results of this pilot study suggests that the antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin reduced the oxidative damage and subsequent intestinal mucosal over-production of lipid oxidation products. Further studies to confirm and extend these results in broiler chickens are required.

scholarly journals Influence of Enzyme Supplementation in the Diets of Broiler Chickens Formulated with Different Corn Hybrids Dried at Various Temperatures

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Franciele C. N. Giacobbo ◽  
Cinthia Eyng ◽  
Ricardo V. Nunes ◽  
Cleison de Souza ◽  
Levy V. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

We evaluated the influence of enzymatic supplementation on the growth performance and cecal microbiota of broilers. A total of 2160 1-day-old male chicks were used in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (three corn hybrids, two drying temperatures −80 and 110 °C, with or without the inclusion of an enzymatic blend (amylase, xylanase, and protease) (20 birds/pen, n = 9). For all performance and digestibility parameters, we observed, in general, isolated effects of the corn hybrids and drying temperature. Birds that received the enzymatic blend in the diet showed better weight gain from 1 to 21 days (d) and better digestibility coefficients of nutrients at 42 d. Birds fed diets with corn dried at 80 °C showed a better feed conversion ratio from 1 to 42 d. At 21 d of age, enzymatic supplementation had positive effects on jejunum morphology. Enzyme supplementation increased the abundance of the phylum Tenericutes, class Bacilli and Mollicutes, reduced Clostridia, and increased the abundances of the families Lactobacillaceae, Anaeroplasmataceae, and O_RF39;F. In conclusion, the addition of amylase, xylanase, and protease led to a better nutrient digestibility, performance, and intestinal morphology. In addition, enzyme supplementation changed the diversity, composition, and predicted function of the cecal microbiota at d 21.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document