scholarly journals The Distribution Characteristics of a 19-bp Indel of the PLAG1 Gene in Chinese Cattle

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihui Zhou ◽  
Bizhi Huang ◽  
Zhenyu Lai ◽  
Shipeng Li ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Mixed Genetic Background ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
New Evidence

Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) belongs to the PLAG family of zinc finger transcription factors. In cattle, a 19-bp insertion/deletion (indel) was identified in intron 1 of the PLAG1 gene (GenBank Accession No. AC_000171.1). Researches showed that the indel is polymorphic in Chinese cattle breeds such as Qinchuan cattle, Pinan cattle, Xianan cattle, and Jiaxian red cattle, and correlation analysis showed that the polymorphism is related to the height of these cattle breeds. Chinese cattle breeds show a difference in height related to geographical distribution. We investigated the distribution of the 19-bp indel polymorphism in 37 cattle breeds, including 1354 individuals. The results showed that there were three genotypes and two alleles (W, 366 bp; D, 347 bp). From northern cattle to southern cattle, the frequency of W allele gradually decreased, while the frequency of D allele showed an opposite trend, which was consistent with the distribution of cattle breeds of different height in China. Therefore, the polymorphism of this indel may be related to the regional distribution of cattle breeds in China. In addition, we chose Yunling cattle with a mixed genetic background to study the genetic effects of the 19-bp indel on body size traits. Statistical analysis showed that PLAG1 was significantly associated with the body height, cross height, and chest circumference of Yunling cattle (p < 0.05). This study provides new evidence that the 19-bp indel of the PLAG1 gene is a highly effective trait marker that can be used as a candidate molecular marker for cattle breeding.

scholarly journals The 10 bp duplication insertion/deletion in the promoter region within paired box 7 gene is associated with growth traits in cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunyun Jin ◽  
Hanfang Cai ◽  
Jiming Liu ◽  
Fengpeng Lin ◽  
Xinglei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Region ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Animal Growth

Abstract. Paired box 7 (Pax7) gene, a member of the paired box gene family, plays a critical role in animal growth and muscle development, especially in cell proliferation and self-renewal. The aim of this study was to detect the 10 base pair (bp) duplication insertion/deletion (indel) in the promoter region within the bovine Pax7 gene as well as its association with growth traits. Herein, a total of 718 individuals from five Chinese cattle breeds were sampled and detected. The 10 bp duplication indel was found in these cattle breeds and there were three genotypes: II (insertion/insertion), ID (insertion/deletion), and DD (deletion/deletion). Moreover, this indel was significantly associated with the body weight in Xianan cattle (P = 0.006), the body height in Jinjiang cattle (P = 0.046), and the hip width in Pi'nan cattle (P = 0.020). Consistently, the individuals with II genotype showed better phenotypic traits than those with the other genotypes in these five breeds. These findings suggest that the 10 bp duplication indel within the bovine Pax7 gene could be considered as an effective DNA molecular marker that provides valuable theoretical basis for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in beef cattle in the future.

scholarly journals Exploring insertions and deletions (indels) of <i>MSRB3</i> gene and their association with growth traits in four Chinese indigenous cattle breeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingli Wu ◽  
Shipeng Li ◽  
Guoliang Zhang ◽  
Yingzhi Fan ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Insertions And Deletions ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Dna Pool ◽  
Candidate Loci

Abstract. Methionine sulfoxide reductase B3 (MSRB3) is instrumental in ossification and fat deposition, which regulate the growth and development of cattle directly. The purpose of this study was aimed to explore insertions and deletions (indels) in MSRB3 gene and investigate their association with growth traits in four indigenous cattle breeds (Luxi cattle, Qinchuan cattle, Nanyang cattle, and Jiaxian Red cattle). Four indels were identified by sequencing with DNA pool. Association analysis showed that three of them were associated with growth traits (P<0.05). For P1, the DD (deletion and deletion) genotype was significantly associated with body length of Nanyang cattle; for P6, II (insertion and insertion) and/or DD genotypes were significantly associated with enhanced growth traits of Qinchuan cattle; for P7, II genotype was significantly associated with hucklebone width of Luxi cattle. Our results demonstrated that the polymorphisms in bovine MSRB3 gene were significantly associated with growth traits, which could be candidate loci for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in cattle breeding.

scholarly journals SNPs in AKIRIN2, TTN, EDG1 and MYBPC1 genes are associated with growth-related traits in Chinese Qinchuan cattle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxing Li ◽  
Gong Cheng ◽  
Yunbo Zhao ◽  
Chunling Bai ◽  
Shenyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Korean Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
European Cattle

Abstract Growth performances are the main breeding objectives in Chinese beef cattle. The objective of this study was to confirm genetic effects of the c.*188G > A SNP in AKIRIN2, the g.231054C > T SNP in TTN, the g.1471620G > T SNP in EDG1, and the g.70014208A > G SNP in MYBPC1 gene on growth-related traits in Chinese Qinchuan cattle, as well as to compare the frequencies of the well-characterized alleles of these SNPs among six Chinese cattle populations, three Japanese cattle populations, two European cattle populations and one Korean cattle breed. In this study, a total of 655 cattle samples were genotyped using MassARRAY and PCR-RFLP. Association analysis indicated that the four SNPs have effects one to six indexes of growth-related traits including body length, wither height, hip height, hip width, rump length, chest depth and chest circumference in Chinese Qinchuan cattle (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). The well-characterized A (c.*188G > A), T (g.231054C > T) and T (g.1471620G > T) alleles in Japanese Black cattle were significantly higher than Chinese cattle breeds, on the contrary, the G allele (g.70014208A > G) was markedly higher in Chinese cattle breeds than other cattle breeds. These results suggest that the four SNPs might be useful as a molecular marker for growth-related traits in Chinese Qinchuan cattle.

scholarly journals Two Novel SNPs in RET Gene Are Associated with Cattle Body Measurement Traits

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Bizhi Huang ◽  
Fuxia Bai ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Zihui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Body Measurement ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Ret Gene ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Body Measurement Traits ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
The Relationship

The rearrangement of the transfection (RET) gene, which mediates the functions of the ganglion in the gastrointestinal tract, plays an important role in the development of the gastrointestinal nervous system. Therefore, the RET gene is a potential factor influencing animal body measurement. The aim of this study was to reveal the significant genetic variations in the bovine RET gene and investigate the relationship between genotypes and body measurement in two Chinese cattle breeds (Qinchuan and Nanyang cattle). In this study, two SNPs (c.1407A>G and c.1425C>G) were detected in the exon 7 of RET gene by sequencing. For the SNP1 and SNP2, the GG genotype was significantly associated with body height, hip height, and chest circumference in Qinchuan cattle (p < 0.05). Individuals with an AG-CC genotype showed the lowest value of all body measurement in both breeds. Our results demonstrate that the polymorphisms in the bovine RET gene were significantly associated with body measurement, which could be used as DNA marker on the marker-assisted selection (MAS) and improve the performance of beef cattle.

scholarly journals A novel 17 bp indel in the <i>SMAD3</i> gene alters transcription level, contributing to phenotypic traits in Chinese cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Shi ◽  
Wenwen Peng ◽  
Jianyu Yan ◽  
Hanfang Cai ◽  
Xianyong Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Dna Pool

Abstract. SMAD3, the messenger of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, plays essential roles in myogenesis and osteogenesis and may relate to the regulation of body weight. In this study, a 17 bp indel (NC_007308: g.101893_101909insGAGGATGAGTGCTCCAG) in intron3 of the SMAD3 gene was detected in four Chinese cattle breeds (Qinchuan, Jiaxian, Nanyang and Caoyuan) by using DNA pool sequencing, and its effects on gene expression and growth traits were analyzed in Qinchuan and Caoyuan cattle. The results showed that the indel locus was significantly associated with SMAD3 transcriptional levels where II genotypes had a higher value than DD genotypes in Qinchuan (QC) cattle muscle tissue (P < 0.05). In addition, the locus was strongly associated with chest girth, chest width, rump length, hucklebone width and body weight in 2-year-old QC cattle (P < 0.05) and body weight (12 months), body height (18 months) and chest girth (18 months) in Caoyuan cattle (P < 0.5). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence of the association between SMAD3 indel and cattle phenotype, and it may contribute to understanding the function of the indel, which could be a promising marker for beef cattle breeding.

scholarly journals Association of SNPs in AKIRIN2, TTN, EDG1 and MYBPC1 genes with growth and carcass traits in Qinchuan cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixuan Cheng ◽  
Cong Sheng ◽  
Yaxing Li ◽  
Shenyuan Wang ◽  
Kaifeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Korean Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
European Cattle

Abstract Growth and carcass traits are the main breeding objectives in beef cattle. The aim of this study was to confirm genetic effects of the c.*188G>A SNP of AKIRIN2, the g.231054C>T SNP of TTN, the g.1471620G>T SNP of EDG1 and the g.70014208A>G SNP of MYBPC1 on growth and carcass traits in Chinese Qinchuan (QC) cattle, as well as to compare the frequencies of the well-characterized alleles of these SNPs among six Chinese cattle populations, three Japanese cattle populations, two European cattle populations and one Korean cattle population. In this study, a total of 665 cattle samples were genotyped using MassARRAY and PCR-RFLP. Association analysis explored effects of four SNPs on growth and carcass traits including body length, wither height, hip height, hip width, rump length, chest depth, chest circumference, back fat thickness, ultrasound longissimus muscle area and ultrasound longissimus muscle depth in QC (P<0.05 to P<0.001). The well-characterized A (c.*188G>A), T (g.231054C>T) and T (g.1471620G>T) alleles in Japanese Black cattle were significantly higher than Chinese cattle breeds, on the contrary, the G allele (g.70014208A>G) was markedly higher in Chinese cattle breeds than other cattle breeds. These results suggest that the four SNPs might be useful as a molecular marker for growth-related traits in Chinese QC cattle.

The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Shirazu I. ◽  
Theophilus. A. Sackey ◽  
Elvis K. Tiburu ◽  
Mensah Y. B. ◽  
Forson A.
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Body

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.

Physical fitness of people with moderate and considerable intellectual disabilities

Physiotherapy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Ślężyńska ◽  
Grzegorz Mięsok ◽  
Kamila Mięsok
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Abdominal Muscle Strength

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of the physical activity of the intellectually disabled is the strengthening of health, creating movement habits, promoting active recreation, and maintaining exercise capacity. Skillfully applied physical activity allows to mitigate the effects of pathology and create the compensations to enable the intellectually disabled people to live relatively independently. Physical activity and sport also increase their chances to integrate with their families, peers, and social environment.Materials and methods: The research targeted a group of 134 people with moderate or considerable intellectual disability (65 women and 69 men), aged 20-53 years, who participated in occupational therapy workshops in Jastrzębie Zdrój, Rybnik, and Żory. Physical fitness was assessed using the “Eurofit Special” test and balance tests. Measurements of body height and mass were also taken and then used to calculate the body mass index (BMI).Results: A salient somatic trait was the greater body mass relative to height among the persons with considerable disability, clearly illustrated by the BMI. This explained their greater heaviness in performing physical exercises. An even greater difference between participants with moderate and considerable intellectual disability was visible in physical fitness. Obviously, older persons did not achieve as good results in fitness tests as the younger ones, yet the participants were more differentiated by the level of disability than age. Most symptomatic differences to the disadvantage of the considerably disabled were observed in explosive strength, speed, abdominal muscle strength, and flexibility.Conclusions: Significant differences in fitness between the compared groups make it necessary to take into account the level of intellectual disability in the course of physical education and sport, at work, and in household duties.

scholarly journals A Novel 13 bp Deletion within the NR6A1 Gene Is Significantly Associated with Growth Traits in Donkeys

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiya Fang ◽  
Zhenyu Lai ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Chunlan Zhang ◽  
Shipeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Nuclear Receptor Family

Nuclear receptor subfamily 6, group A, member 1 (NR6A1), as an important member of the nuclear receptor family, plays an important role in regulating growth, metabolism, and differentiation of embryonic stem cells. For this reason, the NR6A1 gene is considered to be a promising candidate for economic traits and was found to be associated with body size traits in many livestock. However, no studies have been conducted on NR6A1 in donkeys so far. Thus, in this research, we focused on donkeys and identified a 13 bp deletion in intron-1 of the NR6A1 gene among 408 individuals from Guanzhong and Dezhou donkeys using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Three genotypes were identified, namely II, ID, and DD. The association analysis indicated that the body lengths and body heights5f genotype II individuals were significantly different to those of genotype ID in Dezhou donkeys. Conclusively, the 13 bp deletion was associated with growth traits in both Guanzhong donkeys and Dezhou donkeys, indicating that the NR6A1 gene could be a possible candidate gene in marker-assisted selection for donkey breeding programs.

scholarly journals Growth and development of children under 5 years of age with tetralogy of Fallot in a Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Jin Zhu ◽  
Jun An ◽  
Yuqing Wang ◽  
Yili Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Local Conditions

AbstractCongenital Heart Defects (CHDs) are associated with different patterns of malnutrition and growth retardation, which may vary worldwide and need to be evaluated according to local conditions. Although tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the first described CHDs, the etiology outcomes in growth and development of TOF in early age child is still unclear in most cases. This study was designed to investigate the growth retardation status of Chinese pediatric TOF patients under 5 years old. The body height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) of 262 pediatric patients (138 boys and 124 girls) who underwent corrective surgery for TOF between 2014 and 2018 were measured using conventional methods. The average body height, body weight and BMI of the patients were significantly lower than WHO Child Growth Standards, while the most affected was body height. Meanwhile, higher stunting frequency and greater deterioration of both the body height and weight happened in elder age (aged 13–60 months) rather than in infant stage (aged 0–12 months) among these patients. Our results confirmed that intervention should be given at early age to prevent the growth retardation of TOF patients getting severer.

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