scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infections in Elderly Patients: A 10-Year Study on Their Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance Based on the WHO Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) Classification

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1098
Author(s):  
Márió Gajdács ◽  
Marianna Ábrók ◽  
Andrea Lázár ◽  
Katalin Burián
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
More Care ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Extrinsic Risk ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

The ageing of the population—especially in developed countries—has brought on many societal challenges and has significantly contributed to the burden on healthcare infrastructures worldwide. Elderly persons (aged ≥ 65 years) are at higher risk for developing UTIs, due to a range of intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors, and they often delay seeking treatment. A retrospective observational study was performed regarding the epidemiology and resistance of UTIs in elderly patients. Identification of the isolates was carried out using VITEK 2 ID/AST and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antibiotic resistance in these isolates was assessed based on EUCAST guidelines, and were grouped into the WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) classification of antimicrobials. During the 10-year study period, n = 4214 (421.4 ± 118.7/year) and n = 4952 (495.2 ± 274.6) laboratory-confirmed UTIs were recorded in inpatients and outpatients, respectively. The causative agents showed differentiation among outpatients and inpatients: Escherichia coli (48.14% vs. 25.65%; p = 0.001), Enterococcus spp. (20.15% vs. 21.52%; p > 0.05), Klebsiella spp. (16.28% vs. 16.26%; p > 0.05), Pseudomonas spp. (4.40%vs. 13.36%; p = 0.001); Proteus-Providencia-Morganella group (4.56% vs. 10.96%; p = 0.001); Candida spp. (0.53% vs. 5.98%; p = 0.001); Citrobacter-Enterobacter-Serratia group (1.90% vs. 2.71%; p < 0.05). Significantly higher resistance rates were observed in inpatient isolates for many Access and Watch antibiotics compared to isolates of outpatient origin; in addition, resistance rates were higher in these uropathogens compared to the previously recorded rates in the region. More care should be taken for the diagnosis and treatment of UTIs affecting elderly patients, as they represent a particularly vulnerable patient population.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance of bacteria responsible of acute respiratory tract infections in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makhtar Camara ◽  
Assane Dieng ◽  
Abdoulaye Diop ◽  
Amadou Diop ◽  
Amadou Diop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

<em>Background and aims.</em> <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae,</em> <em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> and <em>Moraxella</em> <em>catarrhalis</em> are the most common causative agents of acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs). The objective of this study was to assess their susceptibility to several antibiotics.<br /><em>Materials and methods</em>. A total of 58 strains (16 <em>S. pneumoniae</em>, 19 <em>H. influenzae</em> and 23 <em>M. catarrhalis</em>) were isolated from samples collected in two paediatric centres, and their susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics tested by E-test. <br /><em>Results</em>. Among <em>H. influenzae</em> isolates, 10.5% were resistant to ampicillin (all β-lactamase-positive), and 88.9% were susceptible to cefaclor. High β-lactam resistance rates (penicillin: 31.3% and cephalosporins: 18.7 to 31.3%) had been observed among <em>S</em>. <em>pneumonia</em> strains. Only 50% of isolates were susceptible to azithromycine. 91.3% of <em>M</em>. <em>catarrhalis</em> isolates β-lactamases producers were resistant to ampicillin while susceptible to the most tested antibiotics. <br /><em>Conclusions</em>. Except <em>M. catarrhalis</em> β-lactamases producing strains, frequency of antibiotic resistance was mainly observed among <em>S. pneumoniae,</em> and to a lesser extent among <em>H</em>. <em>influenzae</em> clinical isolates, suggesting the need for continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance patterns in the management of RTIs.

scholarly journals Microbiological monitoring of causative agents of nosocomial infection in the urological clinic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300
Author(s):  
Margarita N. Slesarevskaya ◽  
Anna A. Spiridonova ◽  
Margarita V. Krasnova ◽  
Sergeii A. Reva ◽  
Nariman K. Gadzhiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Microbiological Monitoring ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
High Level ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Medical University

The analysis of the results of microbiological examination of urine samples of 1022 patients (559 women and 463 men) who were hospitalized at the urological clinic of the I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University in period from 2018 to 2020 was performed. The age of the patients varied from 18 to 88 years (average 63.1 17.6 years). In 587 (57.5%) patients, gram-negative microflora was detected, in 355 (34.7%) gram-positive microflora, and in 80 (7.8%) mixed microflora. Escherichia coli (28.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (20.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.1%) and bacteria of the Staphylococcaceae family (11.6%) were prevailed in the structure of uropathogens. The share of other microorganisms did not exceed 5%. A high level of microflora resistance to ampicillin, cephalosporins of the 2nd and 3rd generations, fluoroquinolones was noted. The highest level of antibiotic resistance was observed in K. pneumonia. In general the results obtained correspond to the general trends in the dynamics of the etiological structure and the level of antibiotic resistance of nosocomial urinary tract infections. This study confirms the need for local microbiological monitoring to develop optimal regimens for empiric antibiotic therapy and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Microorganisms Isolated from Wound Samples and Their Antibiotic Resistance Rates

ANKEM Dergisi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Köse ◽  
Emel Çalışkan ◽  
Nagihan Memiş ◽  
Betül Dönmez ◽  
Pelin Duran
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Resistance Rates

In this study, it was aimed to contribute to available epidemiological data and guide empirical treatment by determining the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogenic microorganisms isolated from wound samples sent to the microbiology laboratory of our hospital. The agents of wound infection sent to our laboratory between 02.01.2017 and 20.07.2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The microorganisms grown were identified by conventional microbiological methods together with automated system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and an automated system and evaluated according to EUCAST criteria. Of the 956 bacteria isolated from 722 samples, 370 (39 %) were order Enterobacterales, 286 (30 %) were Gram positive cocci, 134 (14 %) were Pseudomonas spp., 83 (9 %) were Acinetobacter baumannii and 27 (3 %) were Candida spp. Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid resistance were not found in staphylococci and enterococci. The most effective antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus was trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SXT) (11 %), and gentamicin (30 %) and TMP-SXT (28 %) for coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS). Ciprofloxacin (48 %) and levofloxacin (58 %) resistance was higher in enterococci compared to other antibiotics. In addition, Klebsiella spp. strains have higher resistance rates than other Enterobacterales genus strains while A. baumannii and Pseudomonas spp. strains had the lowest resistance rate against colistin (1 %). Antibiotic resistance was higher in intensive care units than in other clinics, except for enterococci. In our study, it was observed that many species of bacteria and fungi could be an agent in wound infection, and high rates of resistance developed against antibiotics. Therefore, it was thought that the treatments should be regulated by performing culture and antibiogram procedures on all samples for which wound infection is suspected.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Phenotypes of Recent Bacterial Strains Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Elderly Patients with Prostatic Disease

Pathogens ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Delcaru ◽  
Paulina Podgoreanu ◽  
Ionela Alexandru ◽  
Nela Popescu ◽  
Luminiţa Măruţescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Prostatic Disease ◽  
Tract Infections
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