scholarly journals Antibiotic Consumption Patterns in European Countries May Be Associated with the Incidence of Major Carcinomas

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Gábor Ternák ◽  
Károly Berényi ◽  
András Sümegi ◽  
Ágnes Szenczi ◽  
Barbara Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Cancer Types

The possible role of the altered intestinal microbiome in the development of malignancies has been raised recently in several publications. Among external factors, antibiotics are considered to be the most important agent capable of producing dysbiosis in the gut flora, either temporally or permanently. The human microbiome has several beneficial effects in terms of maintaining appropriate human health, but its alteration has been implicated in the development of many illnesses. Our basic aim was to explore a possible relationship between the consumption of different antibiotic classes and the incidence of the most common cancer types (male, female) in European countries. A database of the average, yearly antibiotic consumption (1997–2018) has been developed and the consumption figures were compared to the eight, most frequent cancer incidence calculated for 2018 in 30 European countries. Pearson correlation has indicated different degrees of positive (supportive) and negative (inhibitor) significant associations between antibiotic consumption figures and cancer prevalence. It has been observed that certain antibiotic classes with positive correlation probably augment the incidence of certain cancer types, while others, with negative correlation, may show some inhibitory effect. The relatively higher or lower consumption pattern of different classes of antibiotics could be related to certain cancer prevalence figures in different European countries. Our results indicated that countries with relatively high consumption of narrow-spectrum penicillin (J01CE, J01CF) and tetracycline (J01A), like certain Scandinavian countries, showed a higher incidence of female colorectal cancer, female lung cancer, melanoma, breast, prostate and uterus corpus cancer. Countries with relatively higher consumption of broad-spectrum penicillin (J01CA, J01CR) and some broad-spectrum antibiotics (J01D, J01F, J01M), like Greece, Hungary, Slovakia, France, etc. showed a higher incidence rate of male lung cancer and male bladder cancer. The higher incidence rate of different cancer types showed association with the higher consumption of antibiotics with “augmenting” properties and with less consumption of antibiotics with “inhibitory” properties.

scholarly journals Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease Might be Triggered by Certain Classes of Antibiotics with Time-lapse: New Insights in the Pathogenesis?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Ternák ◽  
Márton Németh ◽  
Martin Rozanovic ◽  
Lajos Bogár
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background and objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative illness, responsible for 60-70% of all dementias, affecting over 50 million people worldwide, and nearly 11 million in European countries. Several putative factors are identified in the literature as causative agents or risk factors for the development of AD. The amyloid cascade hypothesis has been the main hypothesis about the pathophysiology of AD for decades. Recent studies raised the possible role of dysbiosis in the development of AD which prevents memory loss. The amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition might be considered as an inflammatory reaction to certain molecular products arising from the altered microbiome. Based on the above observations, it has been suspected, that antibiotic consumption patterns of different antibiotic classes might be associated with the prevalence of AD in European countries. Methods: Antibiotic consumption (ECDC) for 1997-2007, 2008-2018, and as the whole 1997-2018 period, have been compared to the AD prevalence for 2018 expressed in percentage of the population and statistically analyzed by Pearson calculation. Results: A significant positive correlation has been found between the AD prevalence (2018) and the average quinolone consumption for the year 1997-2007 (p: 0.044). A similar association was not observed for the entire 22 years (1997-2018) of the average quinolone consumption, and the years 2008-18, indicating 10-20 years of time-lapse between the antibiotic exposure and the development of AD. The ratio of broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics (B/N) estimated in the ECDC database for the years of 2008-2018 showed a strong positive association with AD prevalence (2018) (p: 0.026) and a positive correlation tendency for the entire 22 years 1997-2018 (p: 0.063), but none for the years 1997-2007 (p: 0.241). Broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase sensitive penicillin (J01CA) consumption showed a positive (non-significant) correlation with the prevalence of AD for the years 2008-2018 (p:0.080).Discussion: Our study indicated the possible sequential role of certain classes of antibiotics in the development of dysbiosis leading to amyloid deposits of AD, which strengthen the possible role of different mediator molecules (short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, etc.) produced by the altered microbiome in the development of AD.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Consumption Patterns in European Countries Might Be Associated with the Prevalence of Diabetes Type-1-2 (T1D, T2D)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Ternák ◽  
Márton Németh ◽  
Martin Rozanovic ◽  
Lajos Bogár
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Narrow Spectrum ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract: Several publications have raised the issue that the development of diabetes is preceded by alteration of the microbiome (dysbiosis) and hence, the role of environmental factors, triggering dysbiosis, should be considered. Antibiotics are powerful agents inducing dysbiosis and the authors wanted to explore the possible relationship between the consumption of different major classes of antibiotics and the prevalence of diabetes (type-1, /T1D/, type-2 /T2D/) in thirty European countries. According to our hypothesis, if such association exists, the dominant use of certain major antibiotic classes might be reflected in the prevalence of T1D and T2D in different countries. Comparisons were performed between the prevalence of diabetes (T1D and T2D) estimated for 2019 and featured in the Diabetes Atlas with the average yearly consumption of major antibiotic classes of the previous 10 years (2010-19) extracted from the ECDC yearly reports on antibiotic consumption in Europe. Pearson correlation and variance analysis were used to estimate the possible relationship. Strong, positive (enhancer) associations were found between the prevalence of T1D and the consumption of tetracycline (J01A /p: 0.001/) and the narrow spectrum penicillin (J01CE /p: 0,006/, CF /p: 0.018/). Strong negative (inhibitor) association was observed with broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant penicillin (J01CR /p: 0.003/), macrolide (J01F /p: 0.008/) and quinolone (J01M /p: 0.001/). T2D showed significant positive associations with cephalosporin (J01D /p: 0.048/) and quinolone (J01M /p: 0.025/), and a non-significant negative association was detected with broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase-sensitive penicillin (J01CA /p: 0.67/). Countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes (first 10 positions) showed concordance with the higher consumption of “enhancer” and the lower consumption of “inhibitor” antibiotics (first 10 positions) as indicated by variance analysis. Countries with high prevalence of T1D showed high consumption of tetracycline (p: 0.015), and narrow spectrum, beta-lactamase sensitive penicillin (p: 0.008), and low consumption of “inhibitor” antibiotics (broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant, combination penicillin (p: 0.005), cephalosporin (p: 0.036), and quinolone (p: 0.003). Countries with a high prevalence of T2D consumed more cephalosporin (p: 0.084), quinolone (p: 0.54), and less broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase sensitive penicillin (p: 0.012) than other countries. Conclusion/Interpretation: The development of diabetes-related dysbiosis might be attached to higher consumption of specific classes of antibiotics, showing positive (enhancer) associations with the prevalence of diabetes, and the low consumption of other classes of antibiotics shoving negative (inhibitory) associations. Those groups of antibiotics are different in T1D and T2D

scholarly journals Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Regimen Affects Survival in Patients Receiving Nivolumab for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Min Jung Geum ◽  
Chungsoo Kim ◽  
Ji Eun Kang ◽  
Jae Hee Choi ◽  
Jae Song Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Daily Dose

Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis may affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. We investigated the impact of antibiotics on the clinical outcomes of nivolumab in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients who received nivolumab for NSCLC between July 2015 and June 2018 and who were followed up until June 2020 were included in a retrospective cohort analysis. Of 140 eligible patients, 70 were on antibiotics. Overall survival (OS) was shorter in patients on antibiotics (ABX) compared to those not on antibiotics (NoABX) (p = 0.014). OS was negatively associated with piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ) (HR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.77–6.18), days of therapy (DOT) ≥ 2 weeks (HR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.30–5.22) and DOT of PTZ. The defined daily dose (DDD) in PTZ (r = 0.27) and glycopeptides (r = 0.21) showed weak correlations with mortality. There was no difference in progression-free survival (PFS) between ABX and NoABX; however, PFS was negatively associated with the antibiotic class PTZ and DOT of PTZ. Therefore, the use of a broad-spectrum antibiotic, such as PTZ, the long-term use of antibiotics more than 2 weeks in total and the large amount of defined daily dose of specific antibiotics were associated with decreased survival in patients receiving nivolumab for NSCLC.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Lung Cancer in Shenzhen, 2008–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Lin Lei ◽  
Anyan Huang ◽  
Weicong Cai ◽  
Ling Liang ◽  
Yirong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Autocorrelation Analysis

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in China. The incidence trend and geographical distribution of lung cancer in southern China have not been reported. The present study explored the temporal trend and spatial distribution of lung cancer incidence in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2018. The lung cancer incidence data were obtained from the registered population in the Shenzhen Cancer Registry System between 2008 and 2018. The standardized incidence rates of lung cancer were analyzed by using the joinpoint regression model. The Moran’s I method was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis and to further draw a spatial cluster map in Shenzhen. From 2008 to 2018, the average crude incidence rate of lung cancer was 27.1 (1/100,000), with an annual percentage change of 2.7% (p < 0.05). The largest average proportion of histological type of lung cancer was determined as adenocarcinoma (69.1%), and an increasing trend was observed in females, with an average annual percentage change of 14.7%. The spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated some sites in Shenzhen as a high incidence rate spatial clustering area. Understanding the incidence patterns of lung cancer is useful for monitoring and prevention.

scholarly journals Incidence rate of lung cancer in urban S hijiazhuang in 2012 with prevention implication

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denggui Wen ◽  
Shumei Li ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Xiaoduo Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rate

Meta-analysis of associations between cooking oil fumes exposure and lung cancer risk

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110306
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Zhang ◽  
Lei Rao ◽  
Qinghong Liu ◽  
Qin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil Fumes ◽  
The Times ◽  
Pan Frying

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and cooking oil fumes (COF) are considered as the potential dangerous contributing factors. This study, a meta-analysis was conducted to analyse the correlation between exposure to COF and risk of lung cancer. Literature from 1980 to 2020 were searched and 29 studies were selected for analysis. Results showed that population exposed to COF had significant differences in lung cancer prevalence (P < 0.05). The odds ratio (OR) values of different periods (before 2000, 2000–2010 and 2010–2020) were significantly different. Using ventilation equipment had the OR of 0.54. Liao cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Shanghai cuisine, Jingdong cuisine and Shaanxi cuisine had the ORs (95% confidence interval) of 1.91 (1.62, 2.25), 2.38 (1.80, 3.16), 1.56 (1.29, 1.89), 2.58 (1.63, 4.09) and 1.57 (1.16, 2.11), respectively. These results revealed that exposure to COF could increase the risk of lung cancer, but the risk was gradually reduced with the changes of the times and the use of ventilation equipment. Different cooking methods in different regions caused different risks of lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer caused by COF mainly produced by deep-frying, quick-frying, stir-frying and pan-frying is higher than in other methods.

scholarly journals 77 Prevalence of secondary immunotherapeutic targets in the absence of established immune biomarkers in solid tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A86-A86
Author(s):  
Paul DePietro ◽  
Mary Nesline ◽  
Yong Hee Lee ◽  
RJ Seager ◽  
Erik Van Roey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
List Type ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Genomic Profiling ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Immune Related Genes

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapies have achieved impressive success in the treatment of several cancer types. Predictive immune biomarkers, including PD-L1, MSI and TMB are well established as surrogate markers for immune evasion and tumor-specific neoantigens across many tumors. Positive detection across cancer types varies, but overall ~50% of patients test negative for these primary immune markers.1 In this study, we investigated the prevalence of secondary immune biomarkers outside of PD-L1, TMB and MSI.MethodsComprehensive genomic and immune profiling, including PD-L1 IHC, TMB, MSI and gene expression of 395 immune related genes was performed on 6078 FFPE tumors representing 34 cancer types, predominantly composed of lung cancer (36.7%), colorectal cancer (11.9%) and breast cancer (8.5%). Expression levels by RNA-seq of 36 genes targeted by immunotherapies in solid tumor clinical trials, identified as secondary immune biomarkers, were ranked against a reference population. Genes with a rank value ≥75th percentile were considered high and values were associated with PD-L1 (positive ≥1%), MSI (MSI-H or MSS) and TMB (high ≥10 Mut/Mb) status. Additionally, secondary immune biomarker status was segmented by tumor type and cancer immune cycle roles.ResultsIn total, 41.0% of cases were PD-L1+, 6.4% TMB+, and 0.1% MSI-H. 12.6% of cases were positive for >2 of these markers while 39.9% were triple negative (PD-L1-/TMB-/MSS). Of the PD-L1-/TMB-/MSS cases, 89.1% were high for at least one secondary immune biomarker, with 69.3% having ≥3 markers. PD-L1-/TMB-/MSS tumor types with ≥50% prevalence of high secondary immune biomarkers included brain, prostate, kidney, sarcoma, gallbladder, breast, colorectal, and liver cancer. High expression of cancer testis antigen secondary immune biomarkers (e.g., NY-ESO-1, LAGE-1A, MAGE-A4) was most commonly observed in bladder, ovarian, sarcoma, liver, and prostate cancer (≥15%). Tumors demonstrating T-cell priming (e.g., CD40, OX40, CD137), trafficking (e.g., TGFB1, TLR9, TNF) and/or recognition (e.g., CTLA4, LAG3, TIGIT) secondary immune biomarkers were most represented by kidney, gallbladder, and sarcoma (≥40%), with melanoma, esophageal, head & neck, cervical, stomach, and lung cancer least represented (≥15%).ConclusionsOur studies show comprehensive tumor profiling that includes gene expression can detect secondary immune biomarkers targeted by investigational therapies in ~90% of PD-L1-/TMB-/MSS cases. While genomic profiling could also provide therapeutic choices for a percentage of these patients, detection of secondary immune biomarkers by RNA-seq provides additional options for patients without a clear therapeutic path as determined by PD-L1 testing and genomic profiling alone.ReferenceHuang R S P, Haberberger J, Severson E, et al. A pan-cancer analysis of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry and gene amplification, tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instability in 48,782 cases. Mod Pathol 2021;34: 252–263.

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