scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Human Semen

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Margarita Terentjeva ◽  
Jana Štefániková ◽  
Jana Žiarovská ◽  
Tatsiana Savitskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Human Semen ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Santalum Album L

Staphylococcus spp. is not only a commensal bacteria but also a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. Recent evidence suggests that Staphylococcus has the ability to colonize the reproductive system and to affect its structure and functions. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical properties and antibacterial effects of select essential oils (EOs): Amyris balsamifera L., Boswellia carterii Birdw., Canarium luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray, Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl., Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fuita, Citrus x aurantium L., Gaultheria procumbens L., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Melaleuca ericifolia Smith., Melaleuca leucadendra L., Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth., Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, Santalum album L., and Vetiveria zizanoides (L.) Roberty against 50 Staphylococcus spp. cultures isolated from human semen, specifically Staphylococcus aureus, S. capiti, S. epidermidis, S. haemoliticus, and S. hominis. The disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to assess the antimicrobial potential and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the selected EOs. The best anti-Staphylococcus activities were found with both methods for the essential oils of C. luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray, A. balsamifera, C. camphora, and P. cabli.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of essential oils for the management of Tetranychus urticae Koch and selectivity on its natural enemy Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor): A promising combination for agroecological systems

Acarologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-576
Author(s):  
Mauricéa Fidelis de Santana ◽  
Cláudio A. G. Câmara ◽  
Vaneska Barbosa Monteiro ◽  
João Paulo Ramos de Melo ◽  
Marcilio Martins de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Predator Mite

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, causes damage to crops grown in northeast Brazil. The adoption of biological control methods and curative methods (plant-based insecticides) is an essential practice for pest management in agroecological systems. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the chemical properties, toxicity, and ovicidal activity of essential oils (EOs) from Lippia sidoides, Croton rhamnifolioides, Croton grewioides, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limon, Citrus aurantiifolia and Piper divaricatum for the control of T. urticae and determine the selectivity of these EOs regarding the predator mite Neoseiulus californicus. The chemical analysis (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) of the EOs enabled the identification of 98 compounds. The major constituents were carvacrol (L. sidoides), β-caryophyllene (C. rhamnifolioides), (E)-anethole (C. grewioides), limonene (Citrus spp.), safrole and methyl eugenol (P. divaricatum). All oils exhibited satisfactory toxicity to the eggs and females of T. urticae and were even more toxic than the commercial product Azamax. The L. sidoides oil exhibited greater toxicity compared to the other oils, with LC50 values of 0.05 and 0.09 µL mL-1 for females and eggs, respectively. All oils tested were selective to N. californicus, with RS values ranging from 3.61 to 23.28 for C. aurantiifolia and C. grewioides, respectively. Therefore, the use of products based on the EOs studied in combination with the natural enemy N. californicus is a viable option in agroecological systems for the management of T. urticae.

Essential Oils and Anxiolytic Aromatherapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Salvia Sclarea ◽  
Cns Effects

A number of essential oils are currently in use as aromatherapy agents to relieve anxiety, stress, and depression. Popular anxiolytic oils include lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), rose (Rosa damascena), orange (Citrus sinensis), bergamot (Citrus aurantium), lemon (Citrus limon), sandalwood (Santalum album), clary sage (Salvia sclarea), Roman chamomile (Anthemis nobilis), and rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium spp.). This review discusses the chemical constituents and CNS effects of these aromatherapeutic essential oils, as well as recent studies on additional essential oils with anxiolytic activities.

Susceptibility of Microsporum canis arthrospores to a mixture of chemically defined essential oils: a perspective for environmental decontamination

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Annamaria Tortorano ◽  
Linda Mugnaini ◽  
Greta Profili ◽  
Luisa Pistelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The zoophilic dermatophyte Microsporum canis has cats as natural reservoir, but it is able to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans, where different clinical features of the so-called ringworm dermatophytosis have been described. Human infections are increasingly been reported in Mediterranean countries. A reliable control program against M. canis infection in cats should include an antifungal treatment of both the infected animals and their living environment. In this article, a herbal mixture composed of chemically defined essential oils (EOs) of Litsea cubeba (1%), Illicium verum, Foeniculum vulgare, and Pelargonium graveolens (0.5% each) was formulated and its antifungal activity assessed against M. canis arthrospores which represent the infective environmental stage of M. canis. Single compounds present in higher amounts in the mixture were also separately tested in vitro. Litsea cubeba and P. graveolens EOs were most effective (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 0.5%), followed by EOs of I. verum (MIC 2%) and F. vulgare (MIC 2.5%). Minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) values were 0.75% (L. cubeba), 1.5% (P. graveolens), 2.5% (I. verum) and 3% (F. vulgare). MIC and MFC values of the mixture were 0.25% and 0.5%, respectively. The daily spray of the mixture (200 μL) directly onto infected hairs inhibited fungal growth from the fourth day onwards. The compounds present in higher amounts exhibited variable antimycotic activity, with MIC values ranging from >10% (limonene) to 0.1% (geranial and neral). Thus, the mixture showed a good antifungal activity against arthrospores present in infected hairs. These results are promising for a further application of the mixture as an alternative tool or as an adjuvant in the environmental control of feline microsporosis.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on the Physiological Effects of Three Essential Oils in Humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101
Author(s):  
Martina Höferl ◽  
Christina Hütter ◽  
Gerhard Buchbauer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Santalum Album L ◽  
Western Australian

In the present study, the physiological effects on 32 humans exposed to experimental stress provoked by inhalation of the essential oils of East Indian sandalwood ( Santalum album L.), Western Australian sandalwood ( Santalum spicatum R.Br.) and lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia MILL.) were investigated. During individual testing sessions, several saliva samples were collected, blood pressure was regularly measured and parameters of the autonomic nervous system (heart rate, skin conductance response) were continuously monitored. Salivary cortisol, as an endocrine stress indicator, was determined by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. Statistical analyses evidenced that the tested sandalwood essential oils significantly reduced systolic blood pressure, especially during the recreation phase. This finding corresponds with a distinct reduction of salivary cortisol levels during recreation in the Western Australian sandalwood oil compared with the control. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that essential oils can alleviate the physiological reactions to psychological stress and facilitate recovery after exposition to stress.

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SANDALWOOD

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
P. P Mehta ◽  
◽  
R. M Shah ◽  
V. M Shinde ◽  
R. N Kamble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sandalwood Oil ◽  
Santalum Album L

Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is one of the most famous and widely used plants in perfumery and cosmetics. Apart from perfumery and cosmetics uses, sandalwood also has a wide range of pharmacological activities and the plant can be considered as one of the important medicinal plants. Since last two decades, this plant has been studied extensively but still there is lot of scope to exploit full potential of uses of sandalwood for mankind. Various studies report that of effects sandalwood oil is responsible for various effects ranging from antibacterial to anticancer. It also shows prominent activity in various skin diseases. There are few toxicological studies on sandalwood. It is necessary to summaries all activities reported about this plant. This review consolidates different reported activities of sandalwood plant as well as its oil.

scholarly journals Optimization of Different Factors for Initiation of Somatic Embryogenesis in Suspension Cultures in Sandalwood (Santalum album L.)

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Niraj Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Gyanendra Tiwari ◽  
Nishi Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Embryonic Axis ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Santalum Album L ◽  
Embryogenic Tissues

Santalum album (L.) is a prized tropical tree species of high therapeutic and industrial importance. The wood of these naturally grown plants is extensively harvested to acquire therapeutically important metabolite santalol and be used for additional functions such as in wood statuette industries. Due to high demand, it is crucial to maintain a sufficient plant population. An easy protocol for establishing cell suspension culture initiated from the loose embryogenic callus mass of sandalwood was realized by shifting 6–8-week-old morphogenic calli acquired from the mature embryonic axis and cotyledon explant cultures in fluid media. The asynchronous embryogenic cultures were sloughed with clumps of flourishing cell clumps and embryos of various progressive phases along with diffident non-embryogenic tissues. The frequency of embryo proliferation was evidenced to determinethe expansion pace of embryogenic masses under diverse conditions. The intonation of initiation and creation of cell suspension was under the directive of the influence of exogenous plant growth regulators amended in the nutrient medium at different concentrations and combinations. Maximum relative growth rate (386%) and clumps/embryoids in elevated integers (321.44) were accomplished on MS nutrient medium fortified with 2.0 mg L−1 2,4-D in association with 0.5 mg L−1 BA and 30.0 g L−1 sucrose raised from mature embryonic axis-derived calli. Plantlet regeneration in higher frequency (84.43%) was evidenced on MS medium amended with 1.0 mg L−1 each of TDZ and GA3 in conjunction with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 20.0 g L−1 sucrose. Mature embryonic axis-derived calli were found to be constantly better than mature cotyledon-derived calli for raising profitable and reproducible cell suspension cultures. Regenerants displayed normal growth and morphology and were founded successfully in the external environment after hardening.

scholarly journals Palladium and Copper: Advantageous Nanocatalysts for Multi-Step Transformations

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Antonio Reina ◽  
Trung Dang-Bao ◽  
Itzel Guerrero-Ríos ◽  
Montserrat Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Solid Supports ◽  
Nanosized Materials ◽  
Nano Structures ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synthetic Methodologies ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
A Current

Metal nanoparticles have been deeply studied in the last few decades due to their attractive physical and chemical properties, finding a wide range of applications in several fields. Among them, well-defined nano-structures can combine the main advantages of heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts. Especially, catalyzed multi-step processes for the production of added-value chemicals represent straightforward synthetic methodologies, including tandem and sequential reactions that avoid the purification of intermediate compounds. In particular, palladium- and copper-based nanocatalysts are often applied, becoming a current strategy in the sustainable synthesis of fine chemicals. The rational tailoring of nanosized materials involving both those immobilized on solid supports and liquid phases and their applications in organic synthesis are herein reviewed.

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