PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SANDALWOOD

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
P. P Mehta ◽  
◽  
R. M Shah ◽  
V. M Shinde ◽  
R. N Kamble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sandalwood Oil ◽  
Santalum Album L

Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is one of the most famous and widely used plants in perfumery and cosmetics. Apart from perfumery and cosmetics uses, sandalwood also has a wide range of pharmacological activities and the plant can be considered as one of the important medicinal plants. Since last two decades, this plant has been studied extensively but still there is lot of scope to exploit full potential of uses of sandalwood for mankind. Various studies report that of effects sandalwood oil is responsible for various effects ranging from antibacterial to anticancer. It also shows prominent activity in various skin diseases. There are few toxicological studies on sandalwood. It is necessary to summaries all activities reported about this plant. This review consolidates different reported activities of sandalwood plant as well as its oil.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Human Semen

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Margarita Terentjeva ◽  
Jana Štefániková ◽  
Jana Žiarovská ◽  
Tatsiana Savitskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Human Semen ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Santalum Album L

Staphylococcus spp. is not only a commensal bacteria but also a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. Recent evidence suggests that Staphylococcus has the ability to colonize the reproductive system and to affect its structure and functions. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical properties and antibacterial effects of select essential oils (EOs): Amyris balsamifera L., Boswellia carterii Birdw., Canarium luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray, Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl., Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fuita, Citrus x aurantium L., Gaultheria procumbens L., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Melaleuca ericifolia Smith., Melaleuca leucadendra L., Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth., Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, Santalum album L., and Vetiveria zizanoides (L.) Roberty against 50 Staphylococcus spp. cultures isolated from human semen, specifically Staphylococcus aureus, S. capiti, S. epidermidis, S. haemoliticus, and S. hominis. The disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to assess the antimicrobial potential and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the selected EOs. The best anti-Staphylococcus activities were found with both methods for the essential oils of C. luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray, A. balsamifera, C. camphora, and P. cabli.

scholarly journals Cendana (Santalum album L.) sebagai tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri

Kultivasi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Ariyanti ◽  
Yenni Asbur
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Sandalwood Oil ◽  
Santalum Album L

Abstract. Sandalwood is source of essential oil and as non-wood commodity of forest, which is potential and considered luxurious due to its distinctiveness hard wood and containing specific oil scent. Sandalwood oil can be produced from its wood by extracting from its tree trunks, twigs, brances, or root. The economic value of sandalwood plan is derived from its oil content (santalol) which has unique scent. A volatile oil contained in sandalwood is the sesquiterpenoid compound; among them are α-santalol dan b-santalol. Interaction between genetic factors of plant with its environment is a major factor that determines the growth and development of sandalwood plant that eventually affecting the volatile oil that can be produced. Engineering efforts are required against factors that  related with oil extraction in order to obtain its maximum production in both in quantity and quality. Sandalwood oil has high functional value, some of them are as the material for aromatic therapy which is particularly beneficial for human health, as cosmetic material, and as material for medicines.Keywords : sandalwood, essential oil, santalol Sari. Cendana merupakan sumber penghasil minyak atsiri dan merupakan komoditi hasil hutan bukan kayu yang potensial dan tergolong mewah karena sifat kayu terasnya yang khas dan mengandung minyak dengan aroma yang spesifik. Pembuatan minyak cendana dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan batang kayu, ranting, cabang ranting, dan akar pohon cendana. Nilai ekonomi tanaman cendana didapat dari kandungan minyak (santalol) dalam kayu yang beraroma wangi yang khas. Minyak atsiri yang terkandung pada kayu cendana merupakan golongan senyawa sesquiterpenoid diantaranya α-santalol dan b-santalol. Interaksi antara faktor genetik tanaman dengan ling-kungan merupakan faktor utama yang menentukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman cendana yang pada akhirnya berpengaruh terhadap produksi minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan. Diperlukan upaya rekayasa terhadap faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan ektraksi minyak cendana sehingga produksi maksimal dicapai baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas. Minyak cendana memiliki nilai fungsi yang tinggi diantaranya sebagai bahan aroma terapi yang sangat bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia, bahan kosmetik, dan bahan untuk obat-obatan.Kata kunci : tanaman cendana, minyak atsiri, santalol

Phytochemical Constituents of Guggul and their Biological Qualities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Simranjeet Singh ◽  
Ravindra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Commiphora Wightii ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commiphora Mukul ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Herbal Formulations

: In the herbal drug pharmaceutical industry, guggul is enjoying emergent consumer acceptance around the world. In the Indian market, more than fifty formulations of guggul have been introduced by well-known brands including Himalaya, Patanjali and Baidyanath Pharmaceuticals. Basically, guggul is the gum resin from Commiphora wightii (syn. Commiphora Mukul). It has been used to treat various ailments including obesity, osteoarthritis, arthritis, constipation, liver disorders, inflammation, anemia, diabetes, etc. Including medicinal properties, it is used as a good binding agent and mixed in various herbal formulations. To review the major phytochemical, medicinal properties and analytical methods involved in the detection of guggul by using the exhaustive bibliographic research by means of various scientific engines and databases. Guggul contained approximately 66 phytochemical including gallic acid, quercetin, and guggulsterones E and Z. These phytochemicals have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antimutagenic, antivenom and antitumor. It has been noticed that the mode of action of guggulsterone has not been fully explored. Pharmacology and toxicological studies are very few. These works have shown huge literature gap, which is to be fulfilled through the detailed in-vivo and in-vitro studies.

Safety assessment of sandalwood oil (Santalum album L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Burdock ◽  
Ioana G. Carabin
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Sandalwood Oil ◽  
Santalum Album L

scholarly journals Mulinane- and Azorellane-Type Diterpenoids: A Systematic Review of Their Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Pharmacology

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel de Jesús Dzul-Beh ◽  
Andrés Humberto Uc-Cachón ◽  
Jorge Bórquez ◽  
Luis A. Loyola ◽  
Luis Manuel Peña-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Mulinane- and azorellane-type diterpenoids have unique tricyclic fused five-, six-, and seven-membered systems and a wide range of biological properties, including antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, spermicidal, gastroprotective, and anti-inflammatory, among others. These secondary metabolites are exclusive constituents of medicinal plants belonging to the Azorella, Laretia, and Mulinum genera. In the last 30 years, more than 95 mulinanes and azorellanes have been reported, 49 of them being natural products, 4 synthetics, and the rest semisynthetic and biotransformed derivatives. This systematic review highlights the biosynthetic origin, the chemistry, and the pharmacological activities of this remarkably interesting group of diterpenoids.

scholarly journals PROSPECTING OF PHENYLPROPANOIDS AND TERPENOIDS IN EAST INDIAN SANDALWOOD (SANTALUM ALBUM L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswapriya Biswavas Misra
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Sesquiterpene Synthase ◽  
Young Tree ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Sandalwood Oil ◽  
Santalum Album L ◽  
Dxp Synthase

The East Indian Sandalwood, Santalum album L., a tropical woody tree, deposits sesquiterpenoid rich essential oil in the heartwood. In view of its century-old traditional uses in perfumery and healthcare this investigation in prospecting of phenylpropanoid and terpenoids from in vitro tissues, in comparison to the in vivo trees, was undertaken to throw light on the phytochemistry of the healthcare molecules, explore in vitro tissues as alternate avenues for the supply and profiling of metabolites as a pre-requisite towards future sesquiterpenoid biosynthetic studies in this plant. Important phenylpropanoid enzymes i.e., phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and lignin peroxidases (POX) and their products, i.e., phenolic, hydroxycinnamic and benzoic acid, flavonoid, anthocyanin and lignin contents showed concomitant increase with lignification/ vascularization as visualized with histochemical analyses. HPLC analysis revealed identities and quantities of 20 phenolics, whereas LC-MS analysis identified ~52 phenylpropanoids through out development. Differential accumulation of terpenoid biosynthetic pathway enzymes, i.e., DXP synthase, HMGCoA reductase and sesquiterpene synthase and metabolites i.e., sesquiterpenoid hydrocarbons and alcohols, photosynthetic pigments and farnesylated intermediates were evident from GC and HPTLC analyses. A putative sesquiterpene synthase (~60 kDa) was partially purified from leaves. GC-MS/ MS studies revealed the presence of ~47 volatile constituents in sandalwood. The fragrant sandalwood oil constituent, β-santalol was isolated from somatic embryos and characterized by 13C-NMR, ESI-MS, LC-APCI-MS, MALDI-ToF, GC-MS/ MS and FTIR analyses whereas the bioactive constituent α-santalol, bulk-purified from sandalwood oil by HPTLC, RLCCC and column chromatography.Tissue extracts rich in terpenoids and phenylpropanoids revealed antimicrobial, antioxidant, α-amylase inhibition, anti-tyrosinase and neuroprotective potentials in vitro. Sandalwood oil and α-santalol showed strong in vivo antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic potentials.Homology-based cloning using degenerate primers, yielded partial clones of a housekeeping gene (actin), a phenylpropanoid gene (CAD) and 4 terpenoid biosynthetic pathway genes (DXP synthase, FPP synthase, monoterpene synthase and sesquiterpene synthase), that showed homology and phylogenetic relationships with other plant genes. Homology-based modeling revealed their protein structure-function relationships, i.e., catalytic sites, domains and motifs. Structures were validated by Ramachandran plots. Transcriptional profiling by sqRT-PCR revealed higher expression levels of five transcripts in callus and young tree.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostic Properties of Quisqualis indica Linn: Against Human Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Insight Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
Braja Sundar Barik ◽  
Shritam Das ◽  
Tahziba Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Nepeta Cataria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Fungal

India has a large repository of medicinal plants that are used in traditional medical treatments. Several medicinal plants are useful for treating common ailments and some of the plants include Amla (Emblica cinalis), Ashoka (Saraca asoca), Aswagandha (Withania somnifera), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), Sarpa Gandha (Rauwolfia serpentina), Sandalwood (Santalum album), Indian birthwort (Aristolochia indica L.), Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), Neem (Azardirchata indica), Vringraj (Eclipta alba), Grhit kumara (Aloe vera), Harida (Terminalia chebula) and Madhumalati (Quisqualis indica), Catnip (Nepeta cataria), Cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum), Sage (Salvia officinalis); etc. Quisquails indica commonly known as the Madhu Malati, is a vine with red flower clusters and is found in abundance in India. It shows a wide range of remarkable medicinal properties. Over the last two decades, large scale research has been conducted to identify bio-active constituents of Quisqualis indica therapeutic prospects. This review summarizes the pharmacognostic properties of Quisqualis indica Linn. Against human pathogenic microorganisms. Several authors have reviewed the medicinal properties of Quisqualis indica Linn.but our review summarizes the anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-pyretic, anti-helminthic, anti-diarrheal, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-microbial, anti-fungal and immuno-modulatory properties. It would be useful to students, academicians, microbiologists, as it reduces the need for detailed searching. It serves the purpose of quick reference.

scholarly journals East Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) oil confers neuroprotection and geroprotection in Caenorhabditis elegans via activating SKN-1/Nrf2 signaling pathway

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (59) ◽  
pp. 33753-33774 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mohankumar ◽  
G. Shanmugam ◽  
D. Kalaiselvi ◽  
C. Levenson ◽  
S. Nivitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Nrf2 Signaling Pathway ◽  
Sandalwood Oil ◽  
Santalum Album L

East Indian Sandalwood Oil (EISO) has diverse beneficial effects and has been used for thousands of years in traditional folk-medicine for treatment of different human ailments.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Postmenopausl Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1561-1576
Author(s):  
Evelyn Sharon S ◽  
V. Chitra Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Metabolic Bone Disorder ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bone Disorder ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder which causes bone loss in course of time leading to increasing the fracture risk. The disease is often silent and known only when fractures occur. Both men and women are equally affected. But women are more susceptible to osteoporosis. The main cause of fragility fractures in women is due to the estrogen deficiency. For the treatment of Osteoporosis the potential biological use of traditional medicines have been exposed to logical assessment since synthetic medications are considered to have a wide range of side effects and they lack efficacy. Hence broad research is to be done to examine the therapeutic plants to be utilized as an option for the treatment of Osteoporosis. The present survey work demonstrates the data on medicinal plants with their common name, phytochemical constituents, reported pharmacological activities and their Osteoporotic action.

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