Phenolic Compounds of Reynoutria sp. as Modulators of Oral Cavity Lactoperoxidase System

Lactoperoxidase (LPO) together with its (pseudo)halogenation cycle substrates, H2O2 and thiocyanate ions oxidized to hypothiocyanite ions, form one of the main systems involved in antimicrobial defense within the oral cavity. In bacterial diseases such as dental caries, lactoperoxidase is oxidized to a form known as Compound II, which is characterized by its inability to oxidize SCN–, resulting in a decreased generation of antimicrobial products. Reynoutria sp. rizome extracts, due to their high polyphenol content, have been tested as a source of compounds able to regenerate the antimicrobial activity of lactoperoxidase through converting the Compound II to the native LPO state. In the presented study, acetone extracts of R. japonica, R. sachalinensis, and R. x bohemica, together with their five fractions and four selected polyphenols dominating in the studied in extracts, were tested toward lactoperoxidase reactivating potential. For this purpose, IC50, EC50, and activation percentage were determined by Ellman’s method. Furthermore, the rate constants for the conversion of Compound I–Compound II and Compound II–native-LPO in the presence of extracts, extracts fractions, and selected polyphenols were determined. Finally, the ability to enhance the antimicrobial properties of the lactoperoxidase system was tested against Streptococcus mutans. We proved that Reynoutria sp. rhizome is the source of lactoperoxidase peroxidation cycle substrates, which can act as activators and inhibitors of the antimicrobial properties of that system. The presented study shows that the reactivation of lactoperoxidase could become a potential therapeutic target in prevention and treatment support in some infectious oral diseases.

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A new approach to treatment of stomatitis in experiments on white rats (experimental research)

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2018.04.168-173 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 168-173

Author(s):

Е.Б. Ганина ◽

Ю.В. Червинец ◽

Н.В. Грудинин ◽

В.Г. Шестакова ◽

В.М. Червинец ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Experimental Research ◽

Quantitative Composition ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

New Approach ◽

Highly Active ◽

White Rats ◽

Before And After ◽

Intact Rats

Цель исследования - охарактеризовать микробиологическую картину стоматита до и после его лечения высокоактивными культурами лактобацилл, дать оценку эффективности их применения при экспериментальном стоматите. Методика. Опыты проводились на 32 самках беспородных белых крыс массой 230 г. Моделирование стоматита включало 2 этапа: моделирование травматического стоматита и воспроизведение бактериального стоматита на базе травматического. У крыс контрольной и опытных серий на всех этапах эксперимента брали мазки с поверхности десен для характеристики микробиоценоза ротовой полости. Результаты. После обработки слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) культурой патогенного штамма Staphylococcus aureus существенно снизились частота встречаемости и количество условно-патогенных микроорганизмов. Лечение стоматита у крыс культурами лактобацилл ( Lactobacillus 11 зв., Lactobacillus 2 п.рта, Lactobacillus 24 д.ст.) и их комбинацией приводило к снижению распространенности S. aureus вплоть до его исчезновения, а также к нормализации количества условно-патогенной микробиоты. Заключение. Исследования показали эффективность использования отдельных высокоактивных штаммов лактобацилл или их комбинации при лечении заболеваний СОПР, в частности бактериального стоматита. Aim. To characterize the microbiological picture of stomatitis in intact rats before and after the treatment with highly active cultured lactobacilli and to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment in experiments on white rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on 32 mongrel female white rats weighing 230 g. Smears were taken from the gum surface of control and experimental rats at all stages of the experiment to characterize the oral cavity microbiocenosis. Results. After treatment of the oral cavity with cultured Staphylococcus aureus , the occurrence and quantity of opportunistic microorganisms significantly decreased. The treatment of stomatitis in rats with cultured lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus 11 zv., Lactobacillus 2 p.r., Lactobacillus 24 d.st. and their combination) led to a decrease in S. aureus prevalence up to its extinction and to normalization of the quantitative composition of opportunistic microbiota. Conclusions. The study showed the effieacy of highly active lactobacillus strains individually or their combinations in the treatment of oral diseases, in particular, bacterial stomatitis.

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Interplay between Oxo and Fluoro in Vanadium Oxyfluorides for Centrosymmetric and Non-Centrosymmetric Structure Formation

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030603 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 603

Author(s):

Prashanth Sandineni ◽

Hooman Yaghoobnejad Asl ◽

Weiguo Zhang ◽

P. Shiv Halasyamani ◽

Kartik Ghosh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Second Harmonic ◽

Metastable Phase ◽

Compound I ◽

Hydrothermal Route ◽

Prolonged Heating ◽

Space Group ◽

Lithium Vanadium Oxide ◽

Compound Ii ◽

Unambiguous Assignment ◽

Centrosymmetric Structure

Herein, we report the syntheses of two lithium-vanadium oxide-fluoride compounds crystallized from the same reaction mixture through a time variation experiment. A low temperature hydrothermal route employing a viscous paste of V2O5, oxalic acid, LiF, and HF allowed the crystallization of one metastable phase initially, Li2VO0.55(H2O)0.45F5⋅2H2O (I), which on prolonged heating transforms to a chemically similar yet structurally different phase, Li3VOF5 (II). Compound I crystallizes in centrosymmetric space group, I2/a with a = 6.052(3), b = 7.928(4), c = 12.461(6) Å, and β = 103.99(2)°, while compound II crystallizes in a non-centrosymmetric (NCS) space group, Pna21 with a = 5.1173(2), b = 8.612(3), c = 9.346(3) Å. Synthesis of NCS crystals are highly sought after in solid-state chemistry for their second-harmonic-generation (SHG) response and compound II exhibits SHG activity albeit non-phase-matchable. In this article, we also describe their magnetic properties which helped in unambiguous assignment of mixed valency of V (+4/+5) for Li2VO0.55(H2O)0.45F5⋅2H2O (I) and +4 valency of V for Li3VOF5 (II).

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The occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis among patients with periodontal disease

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ◽

10.1515/cipms-2016-0017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 86-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joanna Luszczak ◽

Michal Bartosik ◽

Jolanta Rzymowska ◽

Agnieszka Sochaczewska-Dolecka ◽

Ewa Tomaszek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Age Groups ◽

Healthy People ◽

Gingival Tissue ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Oral Diseases

AbstractAccording to some studies, the Entamoeba gingivalis colonizing the gingival tissue is an important agent in bringing about periodontitis. Other studies, however, deem it an opportunist that is able to survive in the medium induced by periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis infection in patients from the Department of Periodontology, and compare this population with that of healthy people, so as to analyze the relationships between infection and patient sex and age. The result of this work is that in both groups, a correlation (p = 0,19) has been noted between the occurrence of amoebae and other diseases in the oral cavity. Indeed, 81,4% of all patients with some periodontal disease showed the presence of amoeba. Among those who are not afflicted with oral diseases, the presence of amoeba was indicated in 62,5% of the total. In addition, a correlation between the person's age and the presence of protozoa (p = 0,15) was strongly marked among women (p = 0,19). In the three age groups of women in this study (40-49, 60-69, and above 80 years), we observed a 100% presence of protozoa.Our study leads us to the conclusion that infections with Entamoeba gingivalis should be regarded as an factor that is associated with the pathological changes occurring in patients with periodontal diseases.

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Crystal structures of {[Cu(Lpn)2][Fe(CN)5(NO)]·H2O}nand {[Cu(Lpn)2]3[Cr(CN)6]2·5H2O}n[where Lpn = (R)-propane-1,2-diamine]: two heterometallic chiral cyanide-bridged coordination polymers

Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications ◽

10.1107/s2056989015005253 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 392-397

Author(s):

Olha Sereda ◽

Helen Stoeckli-Evans

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Bonds ◽

Coordination Polymers ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Asymmetric Unit ◽

Compound I ◽

Distorted Octahedral ◽

Coordination Spheres ◽

Compound Ii

The title compounds,catena-poly[[[bis[(R)-propane-1,2-diamine-κ2N,N′]copper(II)]-μ-cyanido-κ2N:C-[tris(cyanido-κC)(nitroso-κN)iron(III)]-μ-cyanido-κ2C:N] monohydrate], {[Cu(Lpn)2][Fe(CN)5(NO)]·H2O}n, (I), and poly[[hexa-μ-cyanido-κ12C:N-hexacyanido-κ6C-hexakis[(R)-propane-1,2-diamine-κ2N,N′]dichromium(III)tricopper(II)] pentahydrate], {[Cu(Lpn)2]3[Cr(CN)6]2·5H2O}n, (II) [where Lpn = (R)-propane-1,2-diamine, C3H10N2], are new chiral cyanide-bridged bimetallic coordination polymers. The asymmetric unit of compound (I) is composed of two independent cation–anion units of {[Cu(Lpn)2][Fe(CN)5)(NO)]} and two water molecules. The FeIIIatoms have distorted octahedral geometries, while the CuIIatoms can be considered to be pentacoordinate. In the crystal, however, the units align to form zigzag cyanide-bridged chains propagating along [101]. Hence, the CuIIatoms have distorted octahedral coordination spheres with extremely long semicoordination Cu—N(cyanido) bridging bonds. The chains are linked by O—H...N and N—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming two-dimensional networks parallel to (010), and the networks are linkedviaN—H...O and N—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework. Compound (II) is a two-dimensional cyanide-bridged coordination polymer. The asymmetric unit is composed of two chiral {[Cu(Lpn)2][Cr(CN)6]}−anions bridged by a chiral [Cu(Lpn)2]2+cation and five water molecules of crystallization. Both the CrIIIatoms and the central CuIIatom have distorted octahedral geometries. The coordination spheres of the outer CuIIatoms of the asymmetric unit can be considered to be pentacoordinate. In the crystal, these units are bridged by long semicoordination Cu—N(cyanide) bridging bonds forming a two-dimensional network, hence these CuIIatoms now have distorted octahedral geometries. The networks, which lie parallel to (10-1), are linkedviaO—H...O, O—H...N, N—H...O and N—H...N hydrogen bonds involving all five non-coordinating water molecules, the cyanide N atoms and the NH2groups of the Lpn ligands, forming a three-dimensional framework.

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Correlation between oral health and severity of respiratory coronavirus infection COVID-19

Эндодонтия Today ◽

10.36377/1683-2981-2021-19-1-18-22 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 18-22

Author(s):

A. V. Mitronin ◽

N. A. Apresian ◽

D. A. Ostanina ◽

E. D. Yurtseva

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Chronic Infection ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Average Value ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

Group 1

Aim. To establish the association between the presence of chronic infection in oral cavity and the severity of SARSCoV-2 infection.Materials and methods. The study was conducted among 30 people aged between18 and 22 who had had coronavirus infection from mild to severe cases. The assessment of oral health was carried out with main and additional examination methods, CFE index, PMA index, Greene, Wermillion oral hygiene index.Results. In group 1, the average value of CFE index was 4.2, in the second group – CFE index was twice higher at 7.8. PMA index in patients of group 2 was significantly higher (p> 0.01) and was at the level of 41.5%. In group 1, the PMA index was 13.3%. It was found that 17% of the respondents in the control group and 70% patients in the experimental group had an episodic exacerbation of dental diseases during COVID-19.Conclusions. The data obtained indicates a correlation between oral diseases and the severity of COVID-19. It is necessary to consider that chronic infection in the oral cavity as well as poor oral hygiene can act as a risk of complications of viral infections, in particular, of COVID-19.

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Lactoperoxidase system in the dairy industry: Challenges and opportunities

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/103/2020-cjfs ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 337-346

Author(s):

Emmanuelle Silva ◽

Juliana Oliveira ◽

Yhelda Silva ◽

Stela Urbano ◽

Danielle Sales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Industry ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Action Mechanisms ◽

Comprehensive Literature Review ◽

Lactoperoxidase System ◽

Challenges And Opportunities

The objective of this review was to search the literature for studies on the lactoperoxidase system (LPS) as milk natural preservation, action mechanisms, usage methods and perspectives for the dairy industry. A comprehensive literature review approach was conducted for collecting evidence in scientific publications. The biological properties of milk promote the development of microorganisms which compromise its quality, therefore demanding the use of techniques for preserving the milk matrix from its collection until processing. Within this context, LPS could represent an alternative to guarantee the safety of this food in are as where refrigeration is not possible; in addition, studies on applying this system in the dairy industry have been explored, as is the case in the test for verifying pasteurisation efficiency according to determining the lactoperoxidase enzyme activity. Natural antimicrobial properties of LPS make it a promising alternative for the industrial preservation and processing of milk, especially when considering the current quality standard demanded by the market. However, the potential of LPS as a biopreservative is still little technically and scientifically explored, which implies the need to develop new studies.

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Zolmitriptan oxalate and zolmitriptan camphorsulfonate: the first structural study of salt complexes of the antimigraine drug zolmitriptan

Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications ◽

10.1107/s0108270113024323 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 69 (10) ◽

pp. 1186-1191

Author(s):

Balasubramanian Sridhar ◽

Krishnan Ravikumar ◽

Venkatasubramanian Hariharakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Structural Study ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Helical Chain ◽

Side Chain ◽

Indole Ring ◽

Asymmetric Unit ◽

Compound I ◽

Space Group ◽

Compound Ii ◽

Ring Motif

Zolmitriptan hydrogen oxalate [(S)-dimethyl(2-{5-[(2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}ethyl)azanium hydrogen oxalate], C16H22N3O2+·C2HO4−, (I), and zolmitriptan camphorsulfonate [(S)-dimethyl(2-{5-[(2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}ethyl)azanium (S,R)-{2-hydroxy-7,7-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-1-yl}methanesulfonate], C16H22N3O2+·C10H15O4S−, (II), are the first reported salt complexes of the antimigraine drug zolmitriptan. Compound (I) crystallizes in the space groupP21with two molecules of protonated zolmitriptan and two oxalate monoanions in the asymmetric unit, while compound (II) crystallizes in the space groupP212121with one protonated zolmitriptan molecule and one camphorsulfonate anion in the asymmetric unit. The orientations of the ethylamine side chain and the oxazolidinone ring with respect to the indole ring of the zolmitriptan cation are different for (I) and (II). In (I), they are oriented in opposite directions and the molecule adopts a step-like appearance, while in (II) the corresponding side chains are folded in the same direction, giving the molecule a cup-like appearance. The zolmitriptan molecules of (I) form anR22(8) dimer, while in (II) they form a helical chain with aC(11) motif. The oxalate monoanions of (I) interact with the zolmitriptan cations and extend the dimer into a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network. In (II), the camphorsulfonate anion forms anR22(15) ring motif with the zolmitriptan cation.

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Crystal structures of μ-oxalato-bis[azido(histamine)copper(II)] and μ-oxalato-bis[(dicyanamido)(histamine)copper(II)]

Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications ◽

10.1107/s2056989015019908 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 (11) ◽

pp. 1379-1383 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chen Liu ◽

Khalil A. Abboud

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Bonds ◽

Copper Complexes ◽

Copper Ions ◽

Side Chain ◽

Dinuclear Complexes ◽

Compound I ◽

Coordination Site ◽

Oxalate Ligand ◽

Compound Ii ◽

Neighboring Molecule

The title compounds, μ-oxalato-κ4O1,O2:O1′,O2′-bis[[4-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-imidazole-κ2N3,N4](azido-κN1)copper(II)], [Cu2(C2O4)(N3)2(C5H9N3)2], (I), and μ-oxalato-κ4O1,O2:O1′,O2′-bis[[4-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-imidazole-κ2N3,N4](dicyanamido-κN1)copper(II)], [Cu2(C2O4)(C2N3)2(C5H9N3)2], (II), are two oxalate-bridged dinuclear copper complexes. Each CuIIion adopts a five-coordinate square-pyramidal coordination sphere where the basal N2O2plane is formed by two O atoms of the oxalate ligand and two N atoms of a bidentate chelating histamine molecule. The apical coordination site in compound (I) is occupied by a monodentate azide anion through one of its terminal N atoms. The apical coordination site in compound (II) is occupied by a monodentate dicyanamide anion through one of its terminal N atoms. The molecules in both structures are centrosymmetric. In the crystals of compounds (I) and (II), the dinuclear complexes are linked through N—H...Xand C—H...X(X= N, O) hydrogen bonds where the donors are provided by the histamine ligand and the acceptor atoms are provided by the azide, dicyanamide, and oxalate ligands. In compound (I), the coordinatively unsaturated copper ions interact with the histamine ligandviaa C—H...Cu interaction. The coordinatively unsaturated copper ions in compound (II) interactviaa weak N...Cu interaction with the dicyanamide ligand of a neighboring molecule. The side chain of the histamine ligand is disordered over three sets of sites in (II).

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Bioactivity of allelochemicals isolated from the roots of Echinacea purpurea L. Moench on Amaranthus viridis L., Portulaca oleracea L. and Microcystis aeruginosa

Allelopathy Journal ◽

10.26651/allelo.j/2021-52-1-1311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 119-130

Author(s):

Xiao Jing-Lei ◽

Zhang Yan-Xin ◽

Jia Cheng-Guo ◽

Zhang Ming-Zhe ◽

Chen Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Portulaca Oleracea ◽

Algicidal Activity ◽

Ionization Mass ◽

Cichoric Acid ◽

Compound I ◽

Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽

Compound Ii

Based on the bioassay-guided strategy, we isolated 6-six allelochemicals [cichoric acid (I), 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid (II), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (III), chlorogenic acid (IV), 1-hydroxy-2-phthoic acid (V), echinacoside (VI)] from the roots of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. Their structures were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) spectroscopic data. The bioassays studies included allelopathic and algicidal activities to test the effects of extracts and isolated fractions against the test weeds (Amaranthus viridis L., Portulaca oleracea L. and Microcystis aeruginosa Kutzing). At 100 µg/mL, compound (II) inhibited the shoot length and germination of A. viridis and P. oleracea weeds with the germination RI of -0.95±0.04 and -0.95±0.02, respectively. Furthermore, compound (III) showed the strongest inhibition of root length of P. oleracea L. We also found that compounds I-VI have algicidal activity. The compound (I) at low inoculum (5.0×102 cells mL-1) and high inoculum (1.0×104 cells mL-1), showed the highest algicidal activity of 78 % and 87.67 % 6 h after the treatment at 5 µg mL-1 respectively.

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Transformations of the Herbicide N-(1,1-dimethylpropynyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzamide in Soil

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500034305 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 604-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Roy Y. Yih ◽

Colin Swithenbank ◽

D. Harold McRae

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

High Temperature ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Chemical Change ◽

Herbicidal Activity ◽

Compound I ◽

Subsequent Hydrolysis ◽

Compound Ii ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Transformation of N-(1,1-dimethylpropynyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzamide (compound I) in soil occurs readily and two products are produced, initial cyclization giving 2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-5-methyleneoxazoline (compound II) followed by subsequent hydrolysis to N-(1,1-dimethylacetonyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzamide (compound III). These transformations can be brought aboutin vitro, the first step by means of acid or base, and the second by extended treatment with acid. The rate of cyclization and hydrolysis of compound I varies directly with soil temperature, being rapid at high temperature (37 C) and very slow at low temperature (5 C). The rate of chemical change of compound I in soil is influenced to a much greater degree by temperature than by soil moisture content. The effect of soil type on transformation of compound I was studied and compounds II and III were present in five of the six soils examined. The herbicidal activity of compounds II and III was negligible in comparison to compound I.

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