scholarly journals A Novel Insight into Screening for Antioxidant Peptides from Hazelnut Protein: Based on the Properties of Amino Acid Residues

Antioxidants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Chenshan Shi ◽  
Miaomiao Liu ◽  
Hongfei Zhao ◽  
Zhaolin Lv ◽  
Lisong Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Grand Average ◽  
Novel Approach

This study used the properties of amino acid residues to screen antioxidant peptides from hazelnut protein. It was confirmed that the type and position of amino acid residues, grand average of hydropathy, and molecular weight of a peptide could be comprehensively applied to obtain desirable antioxidants after analyzing the information of synthesized dipeptides and BIOPEP database. As a result, six peptides, FSEY, QIESW, SEGFEW, IDLGTTY, GEGFFEM, and NLNQCQRYM were identified from hazelnut protein hydrolysates with higher antioxidant capacity than reduced Glutathione (GSH) against linoleic acid oxidation. The peptides having Tyr residue at C-terminal were found to prohibit the oxidation of linoleic acid better than others. Among them, peptide FSEY inhibited the rancidity of hazelnut oil very well in an oil-in-water emulsion. Additionally, quantum chemical parameters proved Tyr-residue to act as the active site of FSEY are responsible for its antioxidation. This is the first presentation of a novel approach to excavating desired antioxidant peptides against lipid oxidation from hazelnut protein via the properties of amino acid residues.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activities of peptide fractions derived from freshwater mussel protein using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 328-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhouyong ◽  
Tian Gang ◽  
Xu Zhaogang ◽  
Li Mingyue ◽  
Xu Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Peptide Fractions

The freshwater mussel protein was hydrolysed using ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis. Ultrasound-assisted freshwater mussel protein hydrolysates (UPH) were divided into four fractions (&gt; 10, 6–10, 3–6, and &lt; 3 kDa) using ultrafiltration, and the fraction with the highest antioxidant activity was further subdivided into four fractions (F<sub>1</sub>–F<sub>4</sub>) using gel chromatography. The amino acid compositions and antioxidant activities (DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activities, reducing power, ferrous ion chelating activity, and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation) of peptide fractions were investigated. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of the &lt; 3 kDa fraction was significantly higher than that of UPH, &gt; 10, 6–10, and 3–6 kDa fractions. The antioxidant activity of F<sub>2</sub> was again higher compared with the &lt; 3 kDa fraction and higher than that of F<sub>1</sub>, F<sub>3</sub>, and F<sub>4</sub>. Amino acid analysis showed that the antioxidant activities (except for chelating activity) of peptides increased with increasing hydrophobic amino acid content. The &lt; 3 kDa and F<sub>2</sub> fractions exhibited strong inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation, their effects being even better than that of ascorbic acid (Vc) and l-glutathione (GSH). Therefore, these peptide fractions from freshwater mussel may be a potential natural antioxidant that could be added to various foods.

scholarly journals Tamm–Horsfall urinary glycoprotein. The chemical composition

1970 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Fletcher ◽  
A. Neuberger ◽  
Wendy A. Ratcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Carbohydrate Composition ◽  
Thiol Groups ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Cystine Content ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Urinary Glycoprotein

1. A revised amino acid and carbohydrate composition of human Tamm–Horsfall glycoprotein is presented. 2. No significant differences were obtained in the amino acid composition of Tamm–Horsfall glycoprotein isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. 3. The glycoprotein was shown to possess a high half-cystine content of 1 per 11–12 amino acid residues, which has been confirmed by performic acid oxidation and S-alkylation with iodoacetate and iodoacetamide. No thiol groups were detected in the glycoprotein. 4. Treatment of the glycoprotein with 0.5m-sodium hydroxide at 4°C for 2 days did not release heterosaccharide material, which suggests that the predominant carbohydrate–protein linkages present are not of the O-glycosidic type. 5. No N-terminal amino acid was detected in the glycoprotein.

Low zinc intake increases apparent oxidation of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in the pregnant rat

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Cunnane ◽  
J. Yang ◽  
Z.-Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Long Chain

Dietary zinc deficiency impairs desaturation and elongation of linoleic acid, but nothing is so far known about its effects on net whole-body utilization of linoleic or α-linolenic acids. By measuring intake, whole-body accumulation, and excretion of linoleic and α-linolenic acids, together with accumulation of their long-chain products, we hypothesized that a quantitative estimate could be obtained of their whole-body disappearance (apparent oxidation). This was evaluated in pregnant and nonpregnant rats given a low-zinc diet (3.4 vs. 34 mg zinc/kg diet in zinc-adequate controls). In the nonpregnant controls, low zinc intake did not significantly affect food intake or weight gain but did reduce whole-body accumulation of desaturated and (or) elongated products of linoleic and α-linolenic acids. In pregnant rats, low zinc intake reduced food intake and weight gain and doubled whole-body disappearance of linoleic and α-linolenic acids relative to that in the zinc-adequate controls. In contrast to the maternal fatty acid changes, low zonc intake had no significant effect on linoleic acid accumulation in the fetuses. We conclude that low zinc intake during pregnancy prevents the normal accumulation of long-chain fatty acids and differentially depletes maternal whole-body stores of linoleic and α-linolenic acids.Key words: fetus, linoleic acid, oxidation, pregnancy, zinc.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin-rich purple potato flake extract has antioxidant capacity and improves antioxidant potential in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Ho Han ◽  
Mitsuo Sekikawa ◽  
Ken-ichiro Shimada ◽  
Makoto Hashimoto ◽  
Naoto Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Potato Flake ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Potato Flakes

Anthocyanins from various vegetables and fruits have antioxidant activities, however, the bioactivities of coloured potato anthocyanins are not well studied. We examined the antioxidant capacities of pigmented fractions from purple potato flakes in vitro, and the antioxidant potentials of purple potato flakes in vivo. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of the pigmented fraction from Hokkai no. 92 (H92) potato flakes was higher than that from Kitamurasaki (KM) potato flakes. Extracts equivalent to 600 μg pigmented fractions from KM and H92 potato flakes inhibited linoleic acid oxidation in the order trolox>H92 ≥ KM>control. Rats were fed 25 % KM or H92 potato flake diets for 4 weeks. The major anthocyanin was identified as petanin. Control rats were fed a diet with cornstarch instead of potato flakes for 4 weeks. The serum antioxidant potential level in the H92 group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The degree of hepatic lipid peroxidation in the H92 group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Hepatic Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) mRNA levels in the H92 group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Similar significant differences in Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD mRNA levels between the KM and control groups were found. The present results suggest that purple potato flakes have antioxidant functions with regard to radical scavenging activity and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation, and that they improve the antioxidant potentials in rats by enhancing hepatic Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD and GSH-Px mRNA expression.

scholarly journals Generation of an Attenuated, Cross-ProtectivePepino mosaic virusVariant Through Alignment-Guided Mutagenesis of the Viral Capsid Protein

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill M. Chewachong ◽  
Sally A. Miller ◽  
Joshua J. Blakeslee ◽  
David M. Francis ◽  
T. Jack Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Pepino Mosaic Virus ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Multiple Alignments ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Low Levels

Mild variants of many viruses are able to protect infected plants from subsequent invasion by more severe variants of the same viruses through a process known as cross-protection. In the past, the cross-protective viral variants were commonly derived from mild field isolates that were sometimes genetically heterogeneous, providing variable levels of cross-protection. Here, we report a novel approach to rapidly generate cross-protective variants of the tomato-infecting Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) independently of the availability of mild field isolates. Our approach sought to attenuate PepMV by mutating less conserved amino acid residues of the abundantly produced capsid protein (CP). These less-conserved amino acid residues were identified through multiple alignments of CPs of six potexviruses including PepMV, and were altered systematically to yield six PepMV mutants. These mutants were subsequently inoculated onto the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana, as well as tomato, to evaluate their accumulation levels, symptom severities, and cross-protection potentials. The mutant KD, in which the threonine (T) and alanine (A) residues at CP positions 66 and 67 were replaced with lysine (K) and aspartic acid (D), respectively, were found to accumulate to low levels in infected plants, cause very mild symptoms, and effectively protect both N. benthamiana and tomato against secondary infections by wild-type PepMV. These data suggest that our approach represents a simple, fast, and reliable way of generating attenuated viral variants capable of cross-protection.

scholarly journals [13C]Linoleic acid oxidation and transfer into milk in stunted lactating women with contrasting body mass indexes

2001 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
Martha Del Prado ◽  
Alejandra Lance ◽  
Eunice Alfonso ◽  
Maricela Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Body Mass Indexes
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