Antioxidant Capacity of Rigenase®, a Specific Aqueous Extract of Triticum vulgare

Reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) are produced in all cells and play important roles in physiology. The loss of the redox balance, either by an increase of oxidant molecules ROS and RNS or by decreased antioxidant system activities cause a state of oxidative stress. Several studies are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plant origin. Plants containing phenolic compounds have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. The objective of this study is to evaluate total polyphenols and flavonoids contents (TPC and TFC) as well as examine the in vitro antioxidative properties from aqueous extract of Ammoides atlantica (AqE). TPC was estimated utilizing Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent. TFC was evaluated utilizing the aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Indeed, results showed that the AqE is rich in polyphenols (141.74±0.44 µg gallic acid equivalents/ mg of dry weight), and flavonoids (61.87±6.7 µg quercetin equivalent/ mg dry weight). These phytochemical compounds possess significant antioxidant activities. The results showed that AqE exhibited a good Metal chelating activity with an IC50 of 36.57±4.73 µg/ mL. CUPRAC assay showed that AqE extract exhibited high cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity with an A0.5 of 8.58±0.13 µg/mL. These findings provide evidence that AqE of Ammoides atlantica is a potential source of antioxidant which have many benefits towards human health. Keywords: Ammoides atlantica, aqueous extract, phenolic compounds, metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity.

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Renoprotective Effects of Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon on Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.15171/ajmb.2017.03 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

Seyed Mehrdad Kassaee ◽

Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽

Ebrahim Abbasi Oshaghi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Diabetic Rat ◽

Control Group ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Plasma Urea ◽

Cinnamon Extract

Background: Herbal medicine is used in all parts of the world mainly for prevention and treatment of various disorders due to better cultural suitability, lower cost and less side effects. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the hypoglycemic and kidney-protective effects of the aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon on diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, rats were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: Group 1: control group in which animals received chow diet, group 2: diabetic rats, group 3: diabetic rat + 2% T. foenum extract (w/w), group 4: diabetic rat + 8% of Trigonella foenum extract (w/w), group 5: diabetic rat + 2% Cinnamon extract (w/w) and group 6: diabetic rat + 8% of Cinnamon extract (w/w). Aqueous extract of T. foenum leaves and Cinnamon were administered to diabetic rats for 4 weeks. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and total antioxidant capacity were also measured in kidney of the animals. In addition, morphological changes of the kidney were also analyzed by the light microscope. Results: Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon extract in diabetic animals significantly reduced MDA levels and restored antioxidant capacity (P<.05). T. foenum and Cinnamon also normalized plasma urea and creatinine concentration in diabetic rats (P<.05). Administration of T. foenum and Cinnamon extract especially at the dose of 8 mg/kg normalized histopatholgical changes of kidney in diabetic animal. Conclusions: The findings of this experiment showed that T. foenum extract and Cinnamon restored antioxidant capacity and structural changes of kidney.

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Total Polyphenol and Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Some Varieties of Persea americana Peels Consumed in Cameroon

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2021/8882594 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ruth Edwige Kemadjou Dibacto ◽

Boris Ronald Tonou Tchuente ◽

Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo ◽

Yves Martial Tongue Tientcheu ◽

Emilienne Carine Nyobe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Dpph Scavenging

Fruit peels are increasingly being used as functional foods nowadays. Peelings of twelve varieties of Persea americana fruits consumed in Cameroon were investigated for their phenolic compounds (polyphenols and flavonoids) using three solvents systems, water, ethanol: water (50 : 50 v / v ), and ethanol, and antioxidant activity using total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging methods. Total polyphenol, flavonoids, and antioxidant potential of the peels significantly varied with P. americana variety and also with the extraction solvents in the order ethanol > ethanol: water > water. Total phenolic content varied from 2407 (Fuerte florid) to 673 (Semil) mg GAE/g DM, respectively, while flavonoids varied from 986 to 119 mg QE/g DM for Fuerte florid and Hickson varieties, respectively. TAC, respectively, varied between 132.87 and 126.85 mg AAE/g DM with Hass and Semil varieties, respectively. The highest DPPH scavenging capacity was recorded for the ethanolic extract with Lula (86.33%) and the least for the aqueous extract with the Semil (30.11%) variety. With FRAP, the highest capacity was obtained with hydroethanolic extract of Fuerte florid (0.43 mg AAE/g DM) and the least for aqueous extract with the Semil (0.269 mg AAE/g DM) variety. In conclusion, varieties of avocado peels are a good source of antioxidants. Solvent extraction significantly affected the concentration of bioactive compounds but not the potency of the antioxidants. A weakly positive correlation but not significant between the quantity of polyphenol, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity of avocado peelings was obtained in this study.

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Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous Extract of Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC

Pharmacognosy Journal ◽

10.5530/pj.2018.6s.25 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (6s) ◽

pp. s135-s140

Author(s):

Regiane Sablina Almeida Bernardes ◽

Sandra Layse Ferreira Sarrazin ◽

Flaviana Alves dos Santos ◽

Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rego ◽

Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Aqueous Extract

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Investigation on Green Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Cistus incanus

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14175028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (17) ◽

pp. 5028

Author(s):

Wioletta Florkiewicz ◽

Klaudia Pluta ◽

Dagmara Malina ◽

Karolina Rudnicka ◽

Anna Żywicka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Cistus Incanus

This paper describes the plant-mediated preparation of silver nanoparticles with aqueous extract and infusion of Cistus incanus leaves. To evaluate aqueous extract and infusion antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content the DPPH and Folin–Ciocalteau methods were utilized. The antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of extract and infusion were equal to 85.97 ± 6.54 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight.; 10.76 ± 0.59 mg/mL and 12.65 ± 1.04 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight.; 3.10 ± 0.14 mg/mL, respectively. The formed nanoparticles displayed the characteristic absorption band in the 380–450 nm wavelength range. The average size of particles was in the 68.8–71.2 nm range. Morphology and phase composition analysis revealed the formation of spherical nanoparticles with a face-centred cubic structure. Immune compatibility tests of nanoparticles and plant extracts showed no activation of the THP1-XBlue™ monocyte. Cytotoxicity tests performed with L929 mice fibroblasts showed that nanoparticles should be utilized at a concentration of 16 ppm. The minimum inhibitory concentrations determined with the microdilution method for nanoparticles prepared with plant infusion for S. aureus and S. epidermidis were 2 ppm and 16 ppm, respectively.

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Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and reproductive toxicity of aqueous extract of Thai Mucuna pruriens seeds

Journal of Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.joim.2020.03.003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 265-273

Author(s):

Sitthichai Iamsaard ◽

Supatcharee Arun ◽

Jaturon Burawat ◽

Supataechasit Yannasithinon ◽

Saranya Tongpan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Mucuna Pruriens

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Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antityrosinase Activities and Cytotoxic Effects of Phyllanthus amarus Extracts

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190405100745 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 130-138

Author(s):

Folorunso Adewale Olabiyi ◽

Yapo Guillaume Aboua ◽

Olugbenga Kayode Popoola ◽

Thomas Klaus Monsees ◽

Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Sertoli Cell ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Inhibitory Action ◽

Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Significant Finding ◽

Phyllanthus Amarus ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cytotoxicity Studies

Background: Antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of medicinal plants, together with their various health benefits have received attention in recent times. However, with wide ethnobotanical uses of Phyllanthus amarus, data on in-vitro skin depigmentation activity and cytotoxicity, as well as its impact on mediators of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are still lacking. This present study is, therefore, designed to evaluate its tyrosinase inhibitory action, antioxidant potentials and cytotoxic activities. Methods: In this study, quantitative determination of polyphenols, flavanol, flavonol, flavonoids, Oxygen Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (ORAC), Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) were performed on the extracts of P amarus. Also, tyrosinase inhibitory efficacy of the hexane, methanol and aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus amarus were evaluated using ELISA-based methods. Cytotoxicity studies were done with mouse Sertoli (TM4) cells, using MTT assay and cell counts. Results: The hexane and aqueous extracts exhibited significant antityrosinase activity (p<0.05) (IC50= 116.08 and 129.25 µg/mL respectively) while its methanolic extract produces no statistically significant finding. Higher total polyphenol, flavonoids and flavonol were seen in the methanol fraction of the extract. Besides, higher radical cation scavenging (TEAC) activity was observed in the aqueous extract. These values were significant (p<0.0001), whereas ORAC results of the methanol extract show significantly (p<0.0001) higher oxygen reducing antioxidant potential than the aqueous extract. The aqueous extract showed the highest mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity at lower concentrations (0.01 to 10 μg/ml). Here, TM4 cell numbers were also significantly higher as compared to the untreated control. Sertoli cell viability was compromised after exposure to higher extract concentrations (100 to 1000 µg/ml). Conclusion: The hexane and aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus amarus possess good tyrosinase inhibitory action when compared to the reference kojic acid. Also, it demonstrated high antioxidant potentials by its ability to scavenge oxygen radicals, reduce ferric ion and inhibit ABTS radical. Lower extract concentrations stimulated Sertoli cell proliferation, which might be due to phytoestrogenic activities of Phyllanthus amarus conferred by its active, components, such as phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin.

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