scholarly journals Relationship between Selenium and Hematological Markers in Young Adults with Normal Weight or Overweight/Obesity

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larvie ◽  
Doherty ◽  
Donati ◽  
Armah
Keyword(s):  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Hematological Markers ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Gpx Activity

Selenium deficiency has been linked to anemia of inflammation, which is mediated by hepcidin. However, there are few studies providing evidence of the role of hepcidin in this relationship. In this study, we investigated the interrelationships among selenium biomarkers, hepcidin concentration, and iron status among individuals with overweight/obesity compared to their normal weight counterparts, since obesity is associated with chronic inflammation. A total of 59 college students were recruited for this study. Fasting blood samples were collected for the analysis of iron status, plasma selenoproteins (glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and selenoprotein P (SEPP1)), and plasma hepcidin. Subjects completed three-day dietary records to determine average daily nutrient intakes. SEPP1 concentration, GPX activity, and iron status biomarkers (serum iron, transferrin saturation, and hemoglobin concentration) were lower among individuals with overweight/obesity compared with individuals with normal weight, but these differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Regression analysis showed that GPX activity (β = −0.018, p = 0.008) and SEPP1 concentration (β = −1.24, p = 0.03) were inversely associated with hepcidin concentration. The inverse association between selenoproteins and hepcidin concentration supports a potential role of hepcidin as a mediator between selenium and iron status and warrants further studies to better understand this relationship.

scholarly journals Interrelationships Among Selenium, Iron Status and Inflammatory Biomarkers Among Young Adults (P24-021-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doreen Larvie ◽  
Jeanne Doherty ◽  
Seth Armah
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Selenoprotein P ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Gpx Activity

Abstract Objectives Selenium deficiency is considered a risk factor for anemia of chronic inflammation, which is mediated by hepcidin. However, there are no studies providing evidence of the role of hepcidin in this relationship. In this study, we investigated the interrelationships among selenium biomarkers, hepcidin concentration, and iron status among individuals with obesity compared with their normal weight counterparts, since obesity presents with low-grade chronic inflammation Methods A total of 59 college students (18–40y) consisting of 27 individuals with normal weight and 32 individuals with overweight/obesity were recruited for this study. Fasting blood samples were collected for the analysis of iron status biomarkers, plasma selenoproteins (glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and selenoprotein P) and plasma hepcidin concentration. Subjects completed 3-day dietary records to determine average daily nutrient intakes. Regression analysis, independent t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to determine the relationships among variables. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results There were no significant differences in nutrient intakes between subjects with overweight/obesity and those with normal weight (P > 0.05). Selenoprotein P concentration, GPX activity and iron status biomarkers (serum iron, transferrin saturation and hemoglobin concentration) were lower among individuals with overweight/obesity compared with individuals with normal weight, but these differences were not significant (P > 0.05). Regression analysis showed that the relationship between hepcidin concentration and transferrin saturation depended on body weight status with an inverse relationship in subjects with overweight/obesity compared with their normal weight counterparts (P = 0.046). GPX activity (β = −0.018, P = 0.008) and selenoprotein P concentration (β = −1.24, P = 0.03) were inversely associated with hepcidin concentration (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our study showed an inverse association between selenium status and hepcidin concentration which highlights the importance of selenium in addressing inflammation-related anemia. Intervention studies on the effect of selenium supplementation on hepcidin concentration and iron status in individuals with anemia of inflammation are needed to support these findings. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Interrelationships Among Body Weight, Inflammation and Iron Status in Young Adults (P19-008-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Doherty ◽  
Seth Armah ◽  
Doreen Larvie
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Ferritin Concentration

Abstract Objectives Several studies have investigated the role of hepcidin in hypoferremia of obesity, but findings are mixed. In this study we examined the interrelationships among inflammatory markers, hepcidin and circulating iron, and investigated the contribution of hepcidin to iron status among subjects with overweight or obesity compared to those with normal weight. Methods This study combined data from two different cross-sectional studies in which inflammatory and iron status markers and hepcidin concentrations were measured from fasting blood samples for a total of 98 subjects with either normal weight (n = 28), overweight (n = 39) or obesity (n = 31). Associations among variables were investigated using ANOVA, correlation and regression analyses. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Mean ± SEM were reported for continuous variables except for skewed variables in which case geometric means (geometric mean ± 1SEM interval) were reported. Results Subjects with obesity had lower serum iron concentration compared to those with normal weight [(72 ± 6 µg/dL vs. 103 ± 10 µg/dL; P = 0.01)]. C-reactive protein concentration was highest in subjects with obesity [3.63 (2.98, 4.43) mg/L], followed by those with overweight [0.80 (0.66, 0.98) mg/L] and lowest among those with normal weight [(0.40 (0.32, 0.48) mg/L) (P < 0.05 for all). Ferritin concentration did not differ among groups (P > 0.05). Hepcidin concentration was positively correlated with BMI, hemoglobin, serum iron and serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation. Regression analyses adjusting for confounding variables showed that the association between plasma hepcidin concentration and both serum iron and transferrin saturation depended on the BMI category (P-values for interactions <0.05) with an inverse relationship among subjects with obesity compared to a positive association among those with normal weight. Conclusions The results of our study contribute to evidence of the role of elevated hepcidin in hypoferremia among individuals with obesity compared to those with normal weight. Funding Sources none.

P6231Iron status and risk of cardio-metabolic diseases in European adults: a Mendelian randomization study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Gan ◽  
D Bennett ◽  
A Mahajan ◽  
H Du ◽  
Z Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Total N

Abstract Background Observational studies have reported conflicting results about the associations of iron status with risk of cardio-metabolic diseases but such studies are constrained by confounding and reverse causality. Purpose To assess the causal relevance of iron status biomarkers (transferrin, serum iron, and ferritin) for risk of coronary artery diseases (CAD), ischaemic stroke (IS), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Effect size estimates for genetic variants associated with iron status biomarkers were obtained from the Genetics of Iron Status consortium (transferrin saturation, serum iron, and ferritin: n=48,972). The corresponding effects of these variants on the risk of CAD, IS and T2D were obtained from a meta-analysis of unrelated participants of European ancestry in the UK Biobank (UKB), together with previously recruited participants in CARDIOGRAMplusC4D (total n=90,377 CAD cases), MEGASTROKE (total n=43,381 IS cases) and DIAGRAM (total n=74,124 T2D cases), respectively. The main analysis used a two-sample inverse-variance weighted MR, while the sensitivity analyses used weighted-median, weighted-mode, MR-PRESSO, and MR-Egger approaches. Results MR analysis demonstrated significant inverse association of each of the three genetically-instrumented iron status biomarker with risk of CAD (transferrin saturation OR=0.96 [95% CI: 0.92–0.99], p=0.02; serum iron OR=0.93 [0.89–0.97], p=0.001; and ferritin OR=0.86 (0.79–0.94), p=0.001, per 1 SD higher level). In contrast, these iron status biomarkers showed positive associations with risk of T2D (transferrin saturation OR=1.06 [1.01–1.11], p=0.01; serum iron OR=1.06 [0.99–1.13], p=0.07; and ferritin OR=1.12 [0.99–1.26], p=0.06, per 1 SD higher level). There was positive, but non-significant, association of IS with each of the iron status biomarker analysed. Sensitivity analyses using several different MR approaches yielded concordant results. Conclusions Among European adults, iron status appeared to have causal associations, but in opposite directions, with the risk of CHD and T2D. Our findings highlight the need for caution about strategies for advocating iron supplementation in individuals with normal haemoglobin levels for prevention of CAD. Acknowledgement/Funding British Heart Found, Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford

scholarly journals Anthropometric Markers and Iron Status of 6–12-Year-Old Thai Children: Associations and Predictors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Orapa Suteerojntrakool ◽  
Tharida Khongcharoensombat ◽  
Sirinuch Chomtho ◽  
Chansuda Bongsebandhu-phubhakdi ◽  
Therdpong Tempark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Anthropometric Markers

Introduction. Obesity may be associated with poor iron status. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between different indices of iron status and anthropometric measurements in Thai children. Materials and Methods. Anthropometry (weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis) and iron indices were measured in 336 Thai children aged 6–12 years. Iron deficiency (ID) was defined using two or more of the following: (1) %transferrin saturation (%Tsat) < 16%; (2) serum ferritin (SF) < 15 μg/mL; and (3) soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) > 5 mg/L. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) was defined as haemoglobin < WHO age cutoff combined with ID. Overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) ≥ +1 SDS or +2 SDS, respectively (WHO growth reference). Results. BMI SDS was significantly positively correlated with sTfR and SF (sTfR, r: 0.209, p  < 0.001; SF, r: 0.214, p  < 0.001) and negatively correlated with %Tsat (r: −0.132, p  = 0.013). Correlations between WC SDS and %fat mass and each iron marker were similar. The percentage with low SF was significantly lower than that using other individual markers. ID prevalence was not significantly different between normal-weight and overweight/obesity groups although a significantly higher proportion of overweight/obese children had sTfR >5 mg/L. Puberty and menarche were significant predictors of ID (puberty adjusted OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 0.43, 11.25; menarche adjusted OR: 6.11, 95% CI: 1.21, 30.94). Conclusion. Greater adiposity was associated with poorer iron status. However, SF may not be a good indicator of iron status in Thai children, particularly in those who are overweight/obese, whereas sTfR merits further investigation.

Interaction of Iron Deficiency and Lead and the Hematologic Findings in Children With Severe Lead Poisoning

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Margaret Clark ◽  
Joyce Royal ◽  
Ruth Seeler
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Cook County ◽  
Cook County Hospital ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin

Microcytic anemia, long considered an effect of lead poisoning, may in fact result from coexisting iron deficiency. In this study, how RBC size, hemoglobin, and zinc protoporphyrin vary as a function of iron status in a group of children with high lead levels was examined. Charts of all children (N = 51) admitted to Cook County Hospital for treatment of lead poisoning in 1981 to 1983 were reviewed for data on age, blood lead level, hemoglobin concentration, MCV, transferrin saturation and zinc protoporphyrin level. The mean lead level was 86 µg/dL and the range was 63 to 190 µg/dL. Children with transferrin saturation values less than 7% had a mean MCV of 56 pµL, hemoglobin of 8.9 g/dL, and zinc protoporphyrin of 693 µg/dL; for those with saturations of 7% to 16%, the values were 61 µL, 10.1 g/dL, and 581 µg/dL, respectively; the children with saturations greater than 16% had normal mean MCVs and hemoglobin concentrations (74 µL and 11.4 g/dL) and a mean zinc protoporphyrin value of 240 µg/dL (P &lt; .0005). Multiple linear regression was used to correct for effect of age, and transferrin saturation remained the most important predictor of MCV, hemoglobin, and zinc protoporphyrin levels; the addition of lead did not improve the models. Results of this study suggest that iron deficiency is strongly associated with some of the observed toxicities of lead. Also, lead poisoning can exist without producing microcytosis or anemia, and zinc protoporphyrin concentration may not be a sensitive indicator of lead level in the absence of iron deficiency.

scholarly journals Estimates of iron sufficiency in the US population

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 726-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Cook ◽  
BS Skikne ◽  
SR Lynch ◽  
ME Reusser
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Hereditary Hemochromatosis ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Body Iron ◽  
The Us

Traditionally the iron status of a population is assessed by estimating the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia. This approach is inadequate in countries where the diet is heavily fortified with iron because it conveys no information about the iron-replete segment of the population. In the present study iron status of a US adult population was evaluated using data collected in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). Body iron was estimated in each of 2,829 individuals from measurements of hemoglobin concentration, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, and erythrocyte protoporphyrin. When individuals between 18 and 64 years of age were divided on the basis of sex and menstrual status, body iron reserves were normally distributed and averaged 309 mg in women 18 to 44 years, 608 mg in women 45 to 64 years, and 776 mg in men 18 to 64 years. The dispersion of storage iron in these groups was similar, with standard deviations of 346, 372, and 313 mg, respectively. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was surprisingly low, ranging from only 0.2% in adult men to 2.6% and 1.9% in pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively. Epidemiologic methods that examine iron status in the entire population assume importance in light of evidence that in certain segments of the US population, iron deficiency anemia is now less common than the homozygous state for hereditary hemochromatosis.

scholarly journals Anemia in hemodialysis patients: variables affecting this outcome predictor.

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1921-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Madore ◽  
E G Lowrie ◽  
C Brugnara ◽  
N L Lew ◽  
J M Lazarus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Despite the prevalent use of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO), anemia is a frequent finding in hemodialysis patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of anemia on patient survival and characterize the determinants of hematopoiesis that may be amenable to therapeutic manipulation to enhance rhEPO responsiveness and reduce death risk. Patient characteristics and laboratory data were collected for 21,899 patients receiving hemodialysis three times per week in dialysis centers throughout the United States in 1993. Hemoglobin concentrations (Hb) < or =80 g/L were associated with a twofold increase in the odds of death (odds ratio = 2.01; P = 0.001) when compared with Hb 100 to 110 g/L. No improvement in the odds of death was afforded for Hb >110 g/L. Using multiple linear regression, variables of rhEPO administration (rhEPO dose and percentage of treatments that rhEPO was administered), variables of iron status (serum iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin), variables of nutritional status (serum albumin and creatinine concentration), and the dose of dialysis (urea reduction ratio) were found to be significantly associated with hemoglobin concentration (P < 0.001). Age, race, and gender were also found to be significantly associated with hemoglobin concentrations (P < 0.001). From this report, the following conclusions may be made. (1) Anemia may be predictive of an increased risk of mortality in some hemodialysis patients. (2) Hemoglobin concentrations > 110 g/L are not associated with further improvements in the odds of death. (3) Laboratory surrogates of iron stores, nutritional status, and the delivered dose of dialysis are predictive of hemoglobin concentration. Whether manipulation of the factors that improve anemia will also enhance the survival of patients on hemodialysis is unknown and should be evaluated by prospective, interventional studies.

scholarly journals Estimates of iron sufficiency in the US population

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 726-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Cook ◽  
BS Skikne ◽  
SR Lynch ◽  
ME Reusser
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Hereditary Hemochromatosis ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Body Iron ◽  
The Us

Abstract Traditionally the iron status of a population is assessed by estimating the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia. This approach is inadequate in countries where the diet is heavily fortified with iron because it conveys no information about the iron-replete segment of the population. In the present study iron status of a US adult population was evaluated using data collected in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). Body iron was estimated in each of 2,829 individuals from measurements of hemoglobin concentration, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, and erythrocyte protoporphyrin. When individuals between 18 and 64 years of age were divided on the basis of sex and menstrual status, body iron reserves were normally distributed and averaged 309 mg in women 18 to 44 years, 608 mg in women 45 to 64 years, and 776 mg in men 18 to 64 years. The dispersion of storage iron in these groups was similar, with standard deviations of 346, 372, and 313 mg, respectively. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was surprisingly low, ranging from only 0.2% in adult men to 2.6% and 1.9% in pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively. Epidemiologic methods that examine iron status in the entire population assume importance in light of evidence that in certain segments of the US population, iron deficiency anemia is now less common than the homozygous state for hereditary hemochromatosis.

scholarly journals Laboratory tests of iron status: correlation or common sense?

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 718-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hastka ◽  
J J Lasserre ◽  
A Schwarzbeck ◽  
A Reiter ◽  
R Hehlmann
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Iron Supply ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Red Cell Indices ◽  
Total Body

Abstract We demonstrate that simple correlation between the various tests of iron status is not sufficient for examining their value in diagnosing iron deficiency (ID). Three degrees of ID are recognized: Iron depletion (ID grade I) is defined by decreased total body iron and normal iron support to erythropoiesis, as diagnosed by decreased storage iron, decreased ferritin, normal sideroblast count, normal zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), and transferrin saturation &gt;15%. When the iron supply to erythropoiesis becomes insufficient, as diagnosed by transferrin saturation &lt; or = 15%, increased ZPP, and decreased sideroblast count, iron-deficient erythropoiesis (ID grade II) occurs. When finally hemoglobin is below its normal range, iron-deficiency anemia (ID grade III) results. The various tests for ID cannot be compared without taking into account the severity of the deficiency. Depending on the grade of ID examined, the correlation of markers seen in our patients' data varied considerably. We conclude that a "best" marker of ID does not exist. However, the different tests efficiently complement each other by detecting different stages and individually show the clinical extent of ID. Ferritin reflects the iron stores. ZPP indicates whether the ID in a given patient is clinically relevant or not. Finally, the extent of a clinically relevant ID can be assessed by the measured ZPP, hemoglobin concentration, and red cell indices.

Selenium Role in Reproduction, Pregnant/Postpartum Women and Neonates: A Current Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Tabinda Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
One Year ◽  
Selenium Supplements

Background: Selenium is a micronutrient, although required in low amounts, its importance in male and female reproduction is well known. Objectives: The core purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of selenium in human reproduction, during pregnancy/ lactation in women and newborns. The review explains side by side the sources of selenium, required amounts of selenium in humans and during pregnancy or lactation. Methods: Selenium deficiency is a major cause of male infertility. Similarly, selenium deficiency, both in pregnant and postpartum women, would greatly affect the health of the newborn baby in all respects. The effect of maternal selenium upon the fetus and the neonates even one year after birth has been explained with some recent examples. Results: The study elaborates the fact that the selenium deficiency in pregnancy and lactation is common due to fetal/infant development, so selenium supplements must be provided in order to overcome these deficiency symptoms. Conclusions: The better reproductive health in humans is possible due to the sufficient amounts of selenium present both in males and females as well.

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