scholarly journals Fuzzy Supplier Selection Method Based on Smaller-The-Better Quality Characteristic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Min Yu ◽  
Kuen-Suan Chen ◽  
Kuei-Kuei Lai ◽  
Chang-Hsien Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Point Estimation ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Process Yield ◽  
Industry Chain ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Increase Product Quality

Many important parts of tool machines all have the important smaller-the-better (STB) quality characteristics. The important STB quality characteristics will impact on the quality of the end-product. At the same time, supplier quality influences the quality and functionality of the end-product, so suppliers must be selected with caution. The six sigma quality index for the STB quality characteristics can directly reflect process quality levels. Besides, this index possesses a mathematical relationship with process yield. Nevertheless, the point estimation will cause the risk of misjudgment, due to sampling errors. As a result, this study applies the confidence interval of the index to a two-tailed fuzzy testing method, in order to select appropriate suppliers. Now that this method is on the basis of the confidence interval, the possibility of misjudgment caused by sampling errors will be reduced, while the precision of the selection will be enhanced. The method can help companies increase product quality, as well as the competitiveness of the industry chain as a whole. Finally, a numerical example is presented to show how to approach this method and its efficacy.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Evaluation Model of Process Improvement Capability with Costs Consideration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4344
Author(s):  
Kuen-Suan Chen ◽  
Shui-Chuan Chen ◽  
Ting-Hsin Hsu ◽  
Min-Yi Lin ◽  
Chih-Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Process Improvement ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Fuzzy Evaluation ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Capability Index ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Improvement Potential ◽  
Testing Accuracy

The Taguchi capability index, which reflects the expected loss and the yield of a process, is a useful index for evaluating the quality of a process. Several scholars have proposed a process improvement capability index based on the expected value of the Taguchi loss function as well as the corresponding cost of process improvement. There have been a number of studies using the Taguchi capability index to develop suppliers’ process quality evaluation models, whereas models for evaluating suppliers’ process improvement potential have been relatively lacking. Thus, this study applies the process improvement capability index to develop an evaluation model of the supplier’s process improvement capability, which can be provided to the industry for application. Besides, owing to the current need to respond quickly, coupled with cost considerations and the limits of technical capabilities, the sample size for sampling testing is usually not large. Consequently, the evaluation model of the process improvement capability developed in this study adopts a fuzzy testing method based on the confidence interval. This method reduces the risk of misjudgment due to sampling errors and improves the testing accuracy because it can incorporate experts and their accumulated experiences.

scholarly journals Quality Characteristics of Frankfurters Formulated with Apricot Pomace Obtained from Apricot Juice Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Çilem Purma Adıbelli ◽  
Meltem Serdaroglu
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Process Yield ◽  
Functional Ingredient ◽  
Juice Processing ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Apricot Pomace

In this study the effects of dried apricot pomace (AP) on the technological, nutritional and sensory quality of frankfurters were investigated. Frankfurters formulated with 5% AP showed better quality compared to the addition of 10 and 15% AP. Protein and fat content decreased as the concentration of added AP was over 5%. AP addition resulted in lower pH and energy values. Frankfurters formulated with AP had higher cooking and process yield values. AP addition resulted with decrement in lightness and increment in yellowness of samples. 5% addition of AP resulted in good sensory scores. The results indicate that apricot pomace could be an effective functional ingredient in emulsion type meat products.

scholarly journals The Fuzzy Process Quality Evaluation Model for the STB Quality Characteristic of Machining

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8272
Author(s):  
Win-Jet Luo ◽  
Kuen-Suan Chen ◽  
Chun-Min Yu ◽  
Ting-Hsin Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Process Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Fuzzy Process

Whether it is important components of a machine tool itself or various important components processed by the machine tool, many vital quality characteristics mostly belong to the smaller-the-better type. When the process quality levels of these quality characteristics do not attain to the criteria, friction loss may increase during the machine operation, affecting not only the process precision and accuracy but also the lifetime of the product. Therefore, this study applied a smaller-the-better six-sigma quality index simultaneously demonstrating process quality level and process yield. Besides, in coping with statistical process control data, a one-tail confidence-interval-based fuzzy testing method was developed to evaluate process quality. Because this approach is built on the basis of confidence intervals, it can reduce the possibility of misjudgment resulting from sampling errors as well as integrate past experience to enhance the accuracy and precision of the assessment, and then it can grasp the timeliness of improvement.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN IMPROVED GENERALIZED VARIANCE PADA PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PAVING BLOCK SEGIENAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Nathasa Erdya Kristy ◽  
Mustafid Mustafid ◽  
Sudarno Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Control Chart ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Generalized Variance ◽  
Process Capability Analysis ◽  
Capability Analysis

In quality assurance of hexagonal paving block products, quality control is needed so the products that produced are in accordance with the specified standards. Quality control carried out involves two interconnected quality characteristics, that is thickness and weight of hexagonal paving blocks, so multivariate control chart is used. Improved Generalized Variance control chart is a tool used to control process variability in multivariate manner. Variability needs to be controlled because of in a production process, sometimes there are variabilities that caused by engine problems, operator errors, and deffect in raw materials that affect the process. The purpose of this study is to apply Improved Generalized Variance control chart in controlling the quality of hexagonal paving block products and calculating the capability of production process to meet the standards. Based on the assumption of multivariate normal distribution test, it can be seen that the data of quality characteristics of hexagonal paving blocks have multivariate distribution. While based on the correlation test between variables it can be concluded that the characteristics of the quality of thickness and weight correlate with each other. The result of the control using these control chart shows that the process is statistically in control. The results of process capability analysis show that the production process has been running according to the standard because the process capability index value is generated using a weighting of 0.5 for each quality characteristic that is 1.01517. Keywords: Paving Block, Quality Control, Variability, Improved Generalized Variance, Process Capability Analysis

A fuzzy approach to determine process quality for one-sided specification with imprecise data

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (9) ◽  
pp. 1198-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuen-Suan Chen ◽  
Tsang-Chuan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Six Sigma ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Process Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Process Yield ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Measurement Tools

Process quality is a crucial determinant of client satisfaction and affects a product’s value; therefore, maintaining quality control is a vital aspect of corporate sustainability and development. Many researchers have developed evaluation models for process quality. The majority of such research assumes that collected measurement data are precise, but fuzziness and stochastic uncertainty are unavoidable features of any collected data. When the measurements of a quality characteristic are insufficiently precise, a crisp-based approach is not suitable for the assessment of process quality. This study endeavored to use one-sided Six Sigma quality indices as measurement tools to accurately reflect process yield and quality levels. Taking Buckley’s approach into consideration, we extend the crisp estimators from the indices into fuzzy estimators. We then develop a fuzzy hypothesis testing method for one-sided Six Sigma quality indices, with the intent of increasing reliability of evaluation for process quality levels. Finally, we present a real-world case to illustrate implementation of the proposed approach, demonstrating its effectiveness and practical applicability.

scholarly journals Dynamic Relationships between Field Temperatures and Broccoli Head Quality

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Dufault
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Market Quality ◽  
Head Shape ◽  
Bead Size ◽  
Color Density ◽  
Dynamic Relationships ◽  
Made In

Fifty-six field plantings of `Baccus', `Citation', `Packman', and `Southern Comet' broccoli were made in Charleston, S.C., at 2-week intervals from February to November from 1990 to 1992. The objective was to determine broccoli's response to growing season mean (GSM) temperatures for several important market quality characteristics, such as head shape, color, density, leafiness, and bead size. Regression analysis determined whether quality was more affected by GSM minimum (min) or maximum (max) temperature for each head quality characteristic. Head leafiness and density of `Baccus' were insensitive to GSM min (7.0 to 23.5 °C) and GSM max (17.5 to 32.5 °C) temperatures experienced during these years. `Baccus' head color was unacceptable at <20.3 °C GSM max and head shape was unacceptable at <19.8 and >26.8 °C GSM max. `Citation' head color and leafiness were unacceptable at >20.5 and >20.2 °C GSM max, respectively. Head density of `Citation' was unacceptable at <19.2 and >28.9 °C GSM max and head shape was unacceptable at <18.4 and >25.7 °C GSM max. Quality of `Packman' was unacceptable for head color at <21.0 and >27.3 °C GSM max, head leafiness at >32.0 °C GSM max, head density at <8.4 and >18.0 °C GSM min, and head shape at >22.0 °C GSM max. `Southern Comet' head quality was unacceptable for head color at <9.2 and >16.5 °C GSM min, head leafiness at >32.0 °C GSM max, head density at <8.9 and >16.2 °C GSM min, and head shape at <21.0 and >25.3 °C GSM max. GSM min or max temperatures did not affect bead size of any cultivar during any planting time studied.

scholarly journals Two-Tailed Fuzzy Hypothesis Testing for Unilateral Specification Process Quality Index

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Chun-Min Yu ◽  
Win-Jet Luo ◽  
Ting-Hsin Hsu ◽  
Kuei-Kuei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Process Quality ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Fuzzy Membership Function ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Target Values

The quality characteristics with unilateral specifications include the smaller-the-better (STB) and larger-the-better (LTB) quality characteristics. Roundness, verticality, and concentricity are categorized into the STB quality characteristics, while the wire pull and the ball shear of gold wire bonding are categorized into the LTB quality characteristics. In terms of the tolerance, zero and infinity (∞) can be viewed as the target values in line with the STB and LTB quality characteristics, respectively. However, cost and timeliness considerations, or the restrictions of practical technical capabilities in the industry, mean that the process mean is generally far more than 1.5 standard deviations away from the target value. Researchers have accordingly proposed a process quality index conforming to the STB quality characteristics. In this study, we come up with a process quality index conforming to the LTB quality characteristics. We refer to these two types of indices as the unilateral specification process quality indices. These indices and the process yield have a one-to-one mathematical relationship. Besides, the process quality levels can be completely reflected as well. These indices possess unknown parameters. Therefore, sample data are required for calculation. Nevertheless, interval estimates can lower the misjudgment risk resulting from sampling errors more than point estimates can. In addition, considering cost and timeliness in the industry, samples are generally small, which lowers estimation accuracy. In an attempt to increase the accuracy of estimation as well as overcome the uncertainty of measured data, we first derive the confidence interval for unilateral specification process quality indices, and then propose a fuzzy membership function on the basis of the confidence interval to establish the two-tailed fuzzy testing rules for a single indicator. Lastly, we determine whether the process quality has improved.

Beech sapling architecture following small and medium gap disturbances in silver fir-beech old-growth forests in Slovenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (12) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurij Diaci ◽  
Lahorka Kozjek
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Relative Light Intensity ◽  
Stem Bending ◽  
Negative Effect

The objective of our research was to examine the effect of canopy shading on beech sapling architecture in the oldgrowth silver fir-beech forests of Pecka and Rajhenavski Rog. In August 2003 we sampled one plot (352 m2) in a large gap in Pecka, which was a result of a strong windstorm in 1983, and eight small gaps (26–78 m2) with similar sapling heights (3.8–8 m). A ground view of each gap was drawn including the characteristics of gap border trees and the density of separate sapling layers was recorded. The height and diameter were measured for each sapling, as well as the following quality characteristics on selected dominant saplings: width of the crown,number of larger branches and knots (&gt;1/3 DBH), intensity of stem bending, deviation from vertical growth, number of terminal shoots, and the type of damage. The results show a negative effect of high canopy shading (estimated relative light intensity was below 5%) on the architectural quality of saplings. A lower overall density of saplings, greater intensity of bending and deviation from vertical growth, a shorter stem length without branches, a larger number of saplings with two terminal shoots, and a larger number of damaged saplings were observed in small gaps.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci: A Meta-analysis

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-473
Author(s):  
Bruno Goffinet ◽  
Sophie Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Akaike Criterion ◽  
Using Data

Abstract This article presents a method to combine QTL results from different independent analyses. This method provides a modified Akaike criterion that can be used to decide how many QTL are actually represented by the QTL detected in different experiments. This criterion is computed to choose between models with one, two, three, etc., QTL. Simulations are carried out to investigate the quality of the model obtained with this method in various situations. It appears that the method allows the length of the confidence interval of QTL location to be consistently reduced when there are only very few “actual” QTL locations. An application of the method is given using data from the maize database available online at http://www.agron.missouri.edu/.

Effects of electromyographic biofeedback interventions for shoulder pain and function: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552199095
Author(s):  
Danilo Harudy Kamonseki ◽  
Letícia Bojikian Calixtre ◽  
Rodrigo Py Gonçalves Barreto ◽  
Paula Rezende Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Electromyographic Biofeedback ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
And Function

Objective: To systematically review the effectiveness of electromyographic biofeedback interventions to improve pain and function of patients with shoulder pain. Design: Systematic review of controlled clinical trials. Literature search: Databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS) were searched in December 2020. Study selection criteria: Randomized clinical trials that investigated the effects of electromyographic biofeedback for individuals with shoulder pain. Patient-reported pain and functional outcomes were collected and synthesized. Data synthesis: The level of evidence was synthesized using GRADE and Standardized Mean Differences and 95% confidence interval were calculated using a random-effects inverse variance model for meta-analysis. Results: Five studies were included with a total sample of 272 individuals with shoulder pain. Very-low quality of evidence indicated that electromyographic biofeedback was not superior to control for reducing shoulder pain (standardized mean differences = −0.21, 95% confidence interval: −0.67 to 0.24, P = 0.36). Very-low quality of evidence indicated that electromyographic biofeedback interventions were not superior to control for improving shoulder function (standardized mean differences = −0.11, 95% confidence interval: −0.41 to 0.19, P = 0.48). Conclusion: Electromyographic biofeedback may be not effective for improving shoulder pain and function. However, the limited number of included studies and very low quality of evidence does not support a definitive recommendation about the effectiveness of electromyographic biofeedback to treat individuals with shoulder pain.

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