scholarly journals Continuous-Wave THz Imaging for Biomedical Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Yaya Zhang ◽  
Chuting Wang ◽  
Bingxin Huai ◽  
Shiyu Wang ◽  
Yating Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Thz Spectroscopy ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Thz Imaging ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Imaging Application

In the past few decades, the applications of terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and imaging technology have seen significant developments in the fields of biology, medical diagnosis, food safety, and nondestructive testing. Label-free diagnosis of malignant tumours has been obtained and also achieved significant development in THz biomedical imaging. This review mainly presents the research status and prospects of several common continuous-wave (CW) THz medical imaging systems and applications of THz medical imaging in biological tissues. Here, we first introduce the properties of THz waves and how these properties play a role in biomedical imaging. Then, we analyse both the advantages and disadvantages of the CW THz imaging methods and the progress of these methods in THz biomedical imaging in recent ten years. Finally, we summarise the obstacles in the way of the application of THz bio-imaging application technology in clinical detection, which need to be investigated and overcome in the future.

scholarly journals Advanced Label-Free Laser Scanning Microscopy and Its Biological Imaging Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Xue Wang ◽  
Xinchao Lu ◽  
Chengjun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Coherent Raman ◽  
Surface Plasmon Microscopy

By eliminating the photodamage and photobleaching induced by high intensity laser and fluorescent molecular, the label-free laser scanning microscopy shows powerful capability for imaging and dynamic tracing to biological tissues and cells. In this review, three types of label-free laser scanning microscopies: laser scanning coherent Raman scattering microscopy, second harmonic generation microscopy and scanning localized surface plasmon microscopy are discussed with their fundamentals, features and recent progress. The applications of label-free biological imaging of these laser scanning microscopies are also introduced. Finally, the performance of the microscopies is compared and the limitation and perspectives are summarized.

scholarly journals Roadmap of Terahertz Imaging 2021

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4092
Author(s):  
Gintaras Valušis ◽  
Alvydas Lisauskas ◽  
Hui Yuan ◽  
Wojciech Knap ◽  
Hartmut G. Roskos
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Computational Imaging ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Thz Imaging ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Wave Imaging ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Nano Imaging

In this roadmap article, we have focused on the most recent advances in terahertz (THz) imaging with particular attention paid to the optimization and miniaturization of the THz imaging systems. Such systems entail enhanced functionality, reduced power consumption, and increased convenience, thus being geared toward the implementation of THz imaging systems in real operational conditions. The article will touch upon the advanced solid-state-based THz imaging systems, including room temperature THz sensors and arrays, as well as their on-chip integration with diffractive THz optical components. We will cover the current-state of compact room temperature THz emission sources, both optolectronic and electrically driven; particular emphasis is attributed to the beam-forming role in THz imaging, THz holography and spatial filtering, THz nano-imaging, and computational imaging. A number of advanced THz techniques, such as light-field THz imaging, homodyne spectroscopy, and phase sensitive spectrometry, THz modulated continuous wave imaging, room temperature THz frequency combs, and passive THz imaging, as well as the use of artificial intelligence in THz data processing and optics development, will be reviewed. This roadmap presents a structured snapshot of current advances in THz imaging as of 2021 and provides an opinion on contemporary scientific and technological challenges in this field, as well as extrapolations of possible further evolution in THz imaging.

scholarly journals Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy for Analysis of Connective Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
William Querido ◽  
Shital Kandel ◽  
Nancy Pleshko
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Composition And Structure

Advances in vibrational spectroscopy have propelled new insights into the molecular composition and structure of biological tissues. In this review, we discuss common modalities and techniques of vibrational spectroscopy, and present key examples to illustrate how they have been applied to enrich the assessment of connective tissues. In particular, we focus on applications of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), near infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy to assess cartilage and bone properties. We present strengths and limitations of each approach and discuss how the combination of spectrometers with microscopes (hyperspectral imaging) and fiber optic probes have greatly advanced their biomedical applications. We show how these modalities may be used to evaluate virtually any type of sample (ex vivo, in situ or in vivo) and how “spectral fingerprints” can be interpreted to quantify outcomes related to tissue composition and quality. We highlight the unparalleled advantage of vibrational spectroscopy as a label-free and often nondestructive approach to assess properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) associated with normal, developing, aging, pathological and treated tissues. We believe this review will assist readers not only in better understanding applications of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy, but also in implementing these approaches for their own research projects.

scholarly journals Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Alexandre Joushomme ◽  
André Garenne ◽  
Mélody Dufossée ◽  
Rémy Renom ◽  
Hermanus Johannes Ruigrok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Digital Holographic Microscopy ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Rf Exposure ◽  
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

It remains controversial whether exposure to environmental radiofrequency signals (RF) impacts cell status or response to cellular stress such as apoptosis or autophagy. We used two label-free techniques, cellular impedancemetry and Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), to assess the overall cellular response during RF exposure alone, or during co-exposure to RF and chemical treatments known to induce either apoptosis or autophagy. Two human cell lines (SH-SY5Y and HCT116) and two cultures of primary rat cortex cells (astrocytes and co-culture of neurons and glial cells) were exposed to RF using an 1800 MHz carrier wave modulated with various environmental signals (GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications, 2G signal), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, 3G signal), LTE (Long-Term Evolution, 4G signal, and Wi-Fi) or unmodulated RF (continuous wave, CW). The specific absorption rates (S.A.R.) used were 1.5 and 6 W/kg during DHM experiments and ranged from 5 to 24 W/kg during the recording of cellular impedance. Cells were continuously exposed for three to five consecutive days while the temporal phenotypic signature of cells behavior was recorded at constant temperature. Statistical analysis of the results does not indicate that RF-EMF exposure impacted the global behavior of healthy, apoptotic, or autophagic cells, even at S.A.R. levels higher than the guidelines, provided that the temperature was kept constant.

Reflection-mode continuous-wave 0.15λ-resolution terahertz solid immersion microscopy of soft biological tissues

2018 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 111102 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Chernomyrdin ◽  
A. S. Kucheryavenko ◽  
G. S. Kolontaeva ◽  
G. M. Katyba ◽  
I. N. Dolganova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Reflection Mode ◽  
Soft Biological Tissues

Intelligent Computing in Medical Imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 592-608
Author(s):  
Shouvik Chakraborty ◽  
Sankhadeep Chatterjee ◽  
Amira S. Ashour ◽  
Kalyani Mali ◽  
Nilanjan Dey
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Biomedical Image Analysis ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Intelligent Computing ◽  
Biomedical Image

Biomedical imaging is considered main procedure to acquire valuable physical information about the human body and some other biological species. It produces specialized images of different parts of the biological species for clinical analysis. It assimilates various specialized domains including nuclear medicine, radiological imaging, Positron emission tomography (PET), and microscopy. From the early discovery of X-rays, progress in biomedical imaging continued resulting in highly sophisticated medical imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, Computed Tomography (CT), and lungs monitoring. These biomedical imaging techniques assist physicians for faster and accurate analysis and treatment. The present chapter discussed the impact of intelligent computing methods for biomedical image analysis and healthcare. Different Artificial Intelligence (AI) based automated biomedical image analysis are considered. Different approaches are discussed including the AI ability to resolve various medical imaging problems. It also introduced the popular AI procedures that employed to solve some special problems in medicine. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) are active to classify different types of images from various imaging modalities. Different diagnostic analysis, such as mammogram analysis, MRI brain image analysis, CT images, PET images, and bone/retinal analysis using ANN, feed-forward back propagation ANN, probabilistic ANN, and extreme learning machine continuously. Various optimization techniques of ant colony optimization (ACO), genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and other bio-inspired procedures are also frequently conducted for feature extraction/selection and classification. The advantages and disadvantages of some AI approaches are discussed in the present chapter along with some suggested future research perspectives.

scholarly journals A Review of Endogenous and Exogenous Contrast Agents Used in Photoacoustic Tomography with Different Sensing Configurations

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor T.C. Tsang ◽  
Xiufeng Li ◽  
Terence T.W. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Endogenous Contrast ◽  
Deep Tissue Imaging ◽  
Molecular Specificity ◽  
System Configurations

Optical-based sensing approaches have long been an indispensable way to detect molecules in biological tissues for various biomedical research and applications. The advancement in optical microscopy is one of the main drivers for discoveries and innovations in both life science and biomedical imaging. However, the shallow imaging depth due to the use of ballistic photons fundamentally limits optical imaging approaches’ translational potential to a clinical setting. Photoacoustic (PA) tomography (PAT) is a rapidly growing hybrid imaging modality that is capable of acoustically detecting optical contrast. PAT uniquely enjoys high-resolution deep-tissue imaging owing to the utilization of diffused photons. The exploration of endogenous contrast agents and the development of exogenous contrast agents further improve the molecular specificity for PAT. PAT’s versatile design and non-invasive nature have proven its great potential as a biomedical imaging tool for a multitude of biomedical applications. In this review, representative endogenous and exogenous PA contrast agents will be introduced alongside common PAT system configurations, including the latest advances of all-optical acoustic sensing techniques.

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