scholarly journals Identifying General Stress in Commercial Tomatoes Based on Machine Learning Applied to Plant Electrophysiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5640
Author(s):  
Elena Najdenovska ◽  
Fabien Dutoit ◽  
Daniel Tran ◽  
Antoine Rochat ◽  
Basile Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
General Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Electrophysiological Signals ◽  
Plant Electrophysiology

Automated monitoring of plant health is becoming a crucial component for optimizing agricultural production. Recently, several studies have shown that plant electrophysiology could be used as a tool to determine plant status related to applied stressors. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies relating electrical plant response to general stress responses as a proxy for plant health. This study models general stress of plants exposed to either biotic or abiotic stressors, namely drought, nutrient deficiencies or infestation with spider mites, using electrophysiological signals acquired from 36 plants. Moreover, in the signal processing procedure, the proposed workflow reuses information from the previous steps, therefore considerably reducing computation time regarding recent related approaches in the literature. Careful choice of the principal parameters leads to a classification of the general stress in plants with more than 80% accuracy. The main descriptive statistics measured together with the Hjorth complexity provide the most discriminative information for such classification. The presented findings open new paths to explore for improved monitoring of plant health.

scholarly journals Ribosome Collisions Trigger General Stress Responses to Regulate Cell Fate

Cell ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-416.e14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Chih-Chien Wu ◽  
Amy Peterson ◽  
Boris Zinshteyn ◽  
Sergi Regot ◽  
Rachel Green
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
General Stress

Efficient Classification of DDoS Attacks Using an Ensemble Feature Selection Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khundrakpam Johnson Singh ◽  
Tanmay De
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Ddos Attacks ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Feature Selection Algorithm ◽  
Cyber Threats ◽  
The Given

Abstract In the current cyber world, one of the most severe cyber threats are distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, which make websites and other online resources unavailable to legitimate clients. It is different from other cyber threats that breach security parameters; however, DDoS is a short-term attack that brings down the server temporarily. Appropriate selection of features plays a crucial role for effective detection of DDoS attacks. Too many irrelevant features not only produce unrelated class categories but also increase computation overhead. In this article, we propose an ensemble feature selection algorithm to determine which attribute in the given training datasets is efficient in categorizing the classes. The result of the ensemble algorithm when compared to a threshold value will enable us to decide the features. The selected features are deployed as training inputs for various classifiers to select a classifier that yields maximum accuracy. We use a multilayer perceptron classifier as the final classifier, as it provides better accuracy when compared to other conventional classification models. The proposed method classifies the new datasets into either attack or normal classes with an efficiency of 98.3% and also reduces the overall computation time. We use the CAIDA 2007 dataset to evaluate the performance of the proposed method using MATLAB and Weka 3.6 simulators.

Surrounded: A Series of Sound Installations That Combine Plant Electrophysiology and 3D Sonic Art

Leonardo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-523
Author(s):  
Augustine Leudar
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Sonic Art ◽  
3D Audio ◽  
Forest Flora ◽  
Acoustic Signaling ◽  
Mycorrhizal Network ◽  
Electrophysiological Signals ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Plant Electrophysiology

This paper discusses a series of sound installations that combine plant electrophysiology with 3D sonic art. A brief introduction to plant electrophysiology is given. The sonification of electrophysiological signals in the mycorrhizal network is discussed, explaining how art and science are combined in this project in a way that differs from the simple sonification of data. Novel 3D audio spatialization techniques, the 3D audio mapping of natural environments and immersion are also discussed, along with technical details of how to read the electrical signals in plants known as action potentials. Other topics addressed include acoustic signaling in the forest, spectral composition and interaction with forest flora and fauna.

scholarly journals Synthesis, secretion, and perception of abscisic acid regulates stress responses in Chlorella sorokiniana

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Khasin ◽  
Rebecca E. Cahoon ◽  
Sophie Alvarez ◽  
Richard Beckeris ◽  
Seong-il Eyun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Dna Replication And Repair ◽  
Genomic Studies

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone that has been extensively characterized in higher plants for its roles in seed and bud dormancy, leaf abscission, and stress responses. Genomic studies have identified orthologs for ABA-related genes throughout the Viridiplantae, including in unicellular algae; however, the role of ABA in algal physiology has not been characterized, and the existence of such a role has been a matter of dispute. In this study, we demonstrate that ABA is involved in regulating algal stress responses. Chlorella sorokiniana strain UTEX 1230 contains genes orthologous to those of higher plants which are essential for ABA biosynthesis, sensing, and degradation. RNAseq-based transcriptomic studies reveal that treatment with ABA induces dramatic changes in gene expression profiles, including the induction of a subset of genes involved in DNA replication and repair, a phenomenon which has been demonstrated in higher plants. Pretreatment of C. sorokiniana cultures with ABA exerts a protective effect on cell viability in response to ultraviolet radiation. Additionally, C. sorokiniana produces and secretes biologically relevant amounts of both ABA and the oxylipin 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) into the growth medium in response to abiotic stressors. Taken together, these phenomena suggest that ABA signaling evolved as an intercellular stress response signaling molecule in eukaryotic microalgae prior to the evolution of multicellularity and colonization of land.

scholarly journals Scene Oriented Classification of Blurry and Noisy Images Using SVM with Fuzzy C Mean Clustering

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 3393-3402
Author(s):  
Deepak Nema
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Noisy Images ◽  
Self Organizing

Image classification is a challenging task in image processing especially in the case of blurry and noisy images. In this work, we present an extension of scene oriented hierarchical classification of blurry and noisy images using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Fuzzy C-Mean. Generally, a system for scene-oriented classification of blurry and noisy images attempts to simulate major features of the human visual observation. These approaches are  based on three strategies such as Global pathway for extracting essential signature of image, local pathway for extracting local features, and then outcome of both global and local phase are combined and define feature vector and clustered using Monte Carlo approach. Afterwards, these clustered results are fed to a SOTA Algorithm (combination of self organizing map and hierarchical clustering) for final classification. But in these approaches, combination of self organizing map and hierarchical clustering has the problem in terms of accuracy and computation time of classification, especially when used large dataset for classification. To overcome this problem, we propose a combination of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Fuzzy C-mean. Our proposed approach provides better result in terms of accuracy, especially when used with large dataset. The proposed method is computationally efficient because fuzzy c-mean clustering is faster and less time consuming as compared to hierarchical clustering.

scholarly journals Plant ecological genomics at the limits of life in the Atacama Desert

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (46) ◽  
pp. e2101177118
Author(s):  
Gil Eshel ◽  
Viviana Araus ◽  
Soledad Undurraga ◽  
Daniela C. Soto ◽  
Carol Moraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Ph Gradients ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Nitrogen Fixers ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiance ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
Microbe Diversity ◽  
Plant Ecological

The Atacama Desert in Chile—hyperarid and with high–ultraviolet irradiance levels—is one of the harshest environments on Earth. Yet, dozens of species grow there, including Atacama-endemic plants. Herein, we establish the Talabre–Lejía transect (TLT) in the Atacama as an unparalleled natural laboratory to study plant adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. We characterized climate, soil, plant, and soil–microbe diversity at 22 sites (every 100 m of altitude) along the TLT over a 10-y period. We quantified drought, nutrient deficiencies, large diurnal temperature oscillations, and pH gradients that define three distinct vegetational belts along the altitudinal cline. We deep-sequenced transcriptomes of 32 dominant plant species spanning the major plant clades, and assessed soil microbes by metabarcoding sequencing. The top-expressed genes in the 32 Atacama species are enriched in stress responses, metabolism, and energy production. Moreover, their root-associated soils are enriched in growth-promoting bacteria, including nitrogen fixers. To identify genes associated with plant adaptation to harsh environments, we compared 32 Atacama species with the 32 closest sequenced species, comprising 70 taxa and 1,686,950 proteins. To perform phylogenomic reconstruction, we concatenated 15,972 ortholog groups into a supermatrix of 8,599,764 amino acids. Using two codon-based methods, we identified 265 candidate positively selected genes (PSGs) in the Atacama plants, 64% of which are located in Pfam domains, supporting their functional relevance. For 59/184 PSGs with an Arabidopsis ortholog, we uncovered functional evidence linking them to plant resilience. As some Atacama plants are closely related to staple crops, these candidate PSGs are a “genetic goldmine” to engineer crop resilience to face climate change.

scholarly journals Stress Response and Virulence Potential Modulating Effect of Peppermint Essential Oil inCampylobacter jejuni

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Kovács ◽  
P. Felső ◽  
Gy. Horváth ◽  
J. Schmidt ◽  
Á. Dorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Stress Genes ◽  
General Stress ◽  
Virulence Potential

Campylobacter jejuniis one of the most common food-borne bacteria that causes gastrointestinal symptoms. In the present study we have investigated the molecular basis of the anti-Campylobactereffect of peppermint essential oil (PEO), one of the oldest EO used to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Transcriptomic, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and proteomic, two-dimensional polyacryl amid gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) methods have revealed that, in the presence of a sublethal concentration of PEO, the expression of several virulence-associated genes was decreased (cheY0.84x;flhB0.79x;flgE0.205x;cadF0.08x;wlaB0.89x;porA0.25x;cbf24.3x) while impaired motility was revealed with a functional analysis. Scanning electron micrographs of the exposed cells showed that, unlike in the presence of other stresses, the originally curvedC. jejunicells straightened upon PEO exposure. Gaining insight into the molecular background of this stress response, we have revealed that in the presence of PEOC. jejunidominantly exerts a general stress response that elevates the expression of general stress genes likednaK,groEL,groES(10.41x, 3.63x, and 4.77x). The most important genesdps,sodB, andkatAinvolved in oxidative stress responses showed however moderate transcriptional elevations (1,58x, 1,55x, and 1,85x).

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