scholarly journals Analysis of Multiresidue Pesticides in Agricultural Paddy Soils Near Industrial Areas in Korea by GC–MS/MS and LC–MS/MS Using QuEChERS Extraction with dSPE Clean-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8415
Author(s):  
Hyeong-Wook Jo ◽  
Min-Goo Park ◽  
Hwang-Ju Jeon ◽  
Joon-Kwan Moon ◽  
Sung-Eun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Multiresidue Pesticide Analysis ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils ◽  
The Impact

Pesticides have been used to control pests in agricultural fields and storage systems before circulating agricultural products to markets. A tandem mass spectrometry, equipped with gas chromatographic separation (GC–MS/MS) or ultra-performance liquid chromatographic separation (LC–MS/MS), was used to monitor residual pesticides in Korean rice paddy soils. Selective multiple reaction monitoring was employed during the analyses to achieve multiresidue pesticide analysis using GC–MS/MS and LC–MS/MS of 342 pesticides. In this study, QuEChERS extraction was employed with a dSPE clean-up to establish an effective pretreatment process. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were set up for all pesticides, and method validation was performed for linearity and recovery at levels of 10 and 50 mg kg−1 in the untreated soil sample. All pesticides satisfied the acceptable recovery range of 70–120%, within less than 20% RSD values, except for ametoctradin and gibberellic acid. In the paddy soil analyses, tricyclazole was the most frequently detectable pesticide, followed by oxadiazon, endosulfan, and chlorantraniliprole. Continuous monitoring of residual pesticides in paddy soils should be conducted due to the translocation of some systemic pesticides from soils to crop plants, and the impact of residual pesticides on the environment.

Abundance of Methanogens, Methanotrophic Bacteria, and Denitrifiers in Rice Paddy Soils

Wetlands ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyoung Seo ◽  
Inyoung Jang ◽  
Gerhard Gebauer ◽  
Hojeong Kang
Keyword(s):  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Methanotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils

scholarly journals Microbial community structure with trends in methylation gene diversity and abundance in mercury-contaminated rice paddy soils in Guizhou, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Vishnivetskaya ◽  
Haiyan Hu ◽  
Joy D. Van Nostrand ◽  
Ann M. Wymore ◽  
Xiaohang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Rice Paddies ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogens are the primary Hg-methylators in Chinese rice paddies.

Abundance of rare earth elements in rice paddy soils from three regions of Sri Lanka

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohana Chandrajith ◽  
Chandrasekara Bandara Dissanayake ◽  
Heinz J�rgen Tobschall
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils

Spatial content and variability of mercury in agricultural soils in the province of Valencia (Spain), with an emphasis on those dedicated to rice crop

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Boluda ◽  
Luis Roca Pérez ◽  
Joaquín Ramos Miras ◽  
José A. Rodríguez Martín ◽  
Jaume Bech Borras
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Rice Paddies ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils

<p>Mercury (Hg) is a metal potentially dangerous that can accumulate in soils, move to plants and cause significant ecotoxicological risks. The province of Valencia is the third in Spain and has a great agricultural, industrial and tourist vocation; it has an area of 10,763 km<sup>2</sup>, of which it devotes 272,978 ha to cultivation, most of which are irrigated soils. To the south of the city of Valencia, is the Albufera Natural Park (ZEPA area and Ramsar wetland) with 14,806 ha dedicated to rice cultivation. Pollution and burning of rice straw in rice paddies are serious problems. Therefore, the concentration of Hg in agricultural soils in the province of Valencia according to use, with an emphasis on rice paddy soils, and spatial distribution were determined; and the effects of rice straw burning on Hg accumulation on rice paddy soils was assessed. Systematic sampling was carried out throughout the agricultural area at an intensity of a grid of 8 x 8 km, in which samples composed of soil between 0 and 20 cm were collected in a total of 98 plots; and a simple random sampling in the case of rice paddies in 35 sites, distinguishing between plots where the incineration of rice straw was carried out and where it was not. The concentration of Hg was determined with a direct DMA-80 Milestone analyzer in the previously pulverized sample. The detection limit was 1.0 g kg<sup>-1</sup>, the recovery was 95.1% to 101.0% ± 4.0%. The analyses were performed in triplicate. A basic descriptive statistic (means, medians, deviations, and ANOVA) was performed. Samples were grouped according to land use. For geostatistic analysis and in order to obtain the map of the spatial distribution of the concentration of Hg in soils, the classical geostatistic technique was used by ordinary kriging. The concentration of Hg in the soils of the province of Valencia showed great variability. The soils of the rice paddies together with those dedicated to the cultivation of citrus and horticultural of the coastal plain, showed the highest levels of Hg, in contrast to the soils of the interior areas dedicated to dry crops (vineyards, olive, almond and fodder). Spatial analysis reflected a concentration gradient from west to east, suggesting that the Hg in the soils of the interior has a geochemical origin, while in the coast soils it is of anthropic origin. On the other hand, it was observed that the burning of rice straw increased the Hg concentration in rice paddy soils. This research is the first information on the distribution of Hg in the soils of the province of Valencia and a contribution that can help weigh the effects of open burning of rice straw on Valencian rice paddies.</p>

scholarly journals The pH-based ecological coherence of active canonical methanotrophs in paddy soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1451-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Yuanfeng Cai ◽  
Zhongjun Jia
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Niche Specialization ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils

Abstract. Soil pH is considered one of the main determinants of the assembly of globally distributed microorganisms that catalyze the biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). However, direct evidence for niche specialization of microorganisms in association with soil pH is still lacking. Using methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) as a model system of C cycling, we show that pH is potentially the key driving force selecting for canonical γ (type I) and α (type II) methanotrophs in rice paddy soils. DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) was combined with high-throughput sequencing to reveal the taxonomic identities of active methanotrophs in physiochemically contrasting soils from six different paddy fields across China. Following microcosm incubation amended with 13CH4, methane was primarily consumed by Methylocystis-affiliated type II methanotrophs in soils with a relatively low pH (5.44–6.10), whereas Methylobacter- or Methylosarcina-affiliated type I methanotrophs dominated methane consumption in soils with a high pH (7.02–8.02). Consumption of 13CH4 contributed 0.203 % to 1.25 % of soil organic C, but no significant difference was observed between high-pH and low-pH soils. The fertilization of ammonium nitrate resulted in no significant changes in the compositions of 13C-labeled methanotrophs in the soils, although significant inhibition of methane oxidation activity was consistently observed in low-pH soils. Mantel analysis further validated that soil pH, rather than other parameters tested, had significant correlation to the variation in active methanotrophic compositions across different rice paddy soils. These results suggest that soil pH might have played a pivotal role in mediating the niche differentiation of ecologically important aerobic methanotrophs in terrestrial ecosystems and imply the importance of such niche specialization in regulating methane emissions in paddy fields following increasingly intensified input of anthropogenic N fertilizers.

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