scholarly journals Feasibility of Using Nanosilanes in a New Hybrid Stabilised Soil Solution in Rural and Low-Volume Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9780
Author(s):  
José Luis Díaz-López ◽  
Manuel Cabrera ◽  
José Ramón Marcobal ◽  
Francisco Agrela ◽  
Julia Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Elastic Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Soil Stabilisation ◽  
High Structural Stability ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Good Behaviour ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The application of new materials for soil stabilisation is a growing field of study in recent years. In this work, the effect of two types of silica-based nanomaterials combined with binders (quicklime and cement) are studied to stabilise soils and form structural layers for rural and low volume roads. The physical and chemical properties of the materials have been determined, as well as the mechanical behaviour of the stabilised soil. Three hybrid stabilised soil sections have been designed using a multilayer elastic model, executed at full scale and measuring the evolution of their properties in the medium to short term. The results show that the application of silica-based nanomaterials and two types of binders on the tread layers provide high structural stability and good behaviour of the sections.

scholarly journals Effects of short-term grazing prohibition on soil physical and chemical properties of meadows in Southwest China

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11598
Author(s):  
Guiqing Zhu ◽  
Chaoxiang Yuan ◽  
Hede Gong ◽  
Yanling Peng ◽  
Changjiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Subalpine Meadow ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Background Grassland plays an important role in the ecosystem, but overgrazing harms the grassland system in many places. Grazing prohibition is an effective method to restore grassland ecosystems, and it plays a great role in realizing the sustainable development of grassland systems. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on the influence of regional grazing prohibition on the physical and chemical properties of different grassland systems. Methods In Potatso National Park, Southwest China, we selected experimental plots in the artificial grazing meadow area to study the effects of grazing prohibition on plant and soil indexes in subalpine meadows and swamp meadows. We investigated the biomass and species diversity of grazing prohibition treatment and grazing treatment plots and sampled and tested the soil index. The variation percentage was used to remove the original heterogeneity and yearly variation, allowing us to compare differences in plant index and soil index values between grazing prohibition and grazing treatments. Results Grazing prohibition increased the aboveground biomass, total biomass, total meadow coverage, average height, richness index, Shannon diversity index and evenness index and reduced the belowground biomass and root/shoot ratio in the subalpine meadow and swamp meadow. Additionally, grazing prohibition reduced the pH and soil bulk density and increased the soil total carbon, soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen, soil hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and soil available phosphorus in the subalpine meadow and swamp meadow. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that both plant indexes and soil indexes were significantly different between grazing and grazing prohibition treatments and between meadow types. Short-term grazing prohibition had a great impact on improving the fertility of meadow soil in the study area. We suggest that long-term and extensive research should be carried out to promote the restoration and sustainable development of regional grassland systems.

scholarly journals Short-Term Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil Charcoal Support Enhanced Landscape Mobility

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 3098-3107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacey A. Pyle ◽  
Kate L. Magee ◽  
Morgan E. Gallagher ◽  
William C. Hockaday ◽  
Caroline A. Masiello
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil Charcoal ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Removal of Woody Debris from Logging Gaps Influences Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in the Short Term: A Study Case in Central Amazonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex de Sousa Trindade ◽  
João Baptista Silva Ferraz ◽  
Daniel DeArmond
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Generally, woody residues generated from logging remain on site, although recently, forest managers have been harvesting this material for energy generation. We evaluated the impact on an Oxisol’s physical and chemical properties after removal of residues (coarse woody debris, CWD) from logging-created gaps. The logging operations occurred on private timberland in the Central Amazon. Eighteen months after creation of the gaps, soil samples were taken up to 150 cm depth in each treatment: mature undisturbed forest (FOR), gaps with residues retained on site (RET), and gaps with removal of large branches greater than 10 cm in diameter that were from logging (REM). Clay content, up to 20 cm depth, was higher in RET and REM soils than in FOR soils. Soil bulk density values increased progressively from areas of FOR to RET and REM at 0–5 cm. The highest carbon and nutrient contents were observed in the 0–5 and 5–10 cm soil layers of RET. In the 10–30 cm depth, the contents of all nutrients, except phosphorus, were higher in REM soils. According to these short-term results, it is not possible to affirm categorically that the removal of CWD has a negative impact on the nutrient status of soils in gaps created by logging operations. Study Implications: This study aimed to investigate the influence of coarse woody debris removal for energy generation on soil nutrients in a logging area in the Amazonas state, Brazil. We compared three areas, one in which the residues were removed from the gaps, another where residues in gaps were retained, and one undisturbed natural forest as control. We found that coarse wood debris removal does not significantly change soil physical properties. On the other hand, removal accelerates leaching of nutrients to greater soil depths and leads to higher calcium contents in depths to 150 cm, although the soil phosphorus decreases after debris removal.

scholarly journals Early and Timing restoration will be an effective way to repair the riparian habitat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengfei Yan ◽  
Kremenetska Oleksiivna ◽  
Songlin He ◽  
Biyang Zhang ◽  
Zelong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Abandoned Cropland ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The impoundment of dams can significantly alter shorelines, hydrological regime, sediment and nutrient cycle. With the completion of Chushandian reservoir dam, land use types around the reservoir have been profoundly affected by flooding. As yet, the characteristics of soil properties on different land use types in new built reservoir have not been fully elaborated. In this work, we investigated the variation of soil physical and chemical properties at distance scale for different land use types after short-term inundating. Soil physical properties, chemical properties, soil particle structure were determined. This study reported that short-term inundating had impacts on soil physical and chemical properties of different land use types. Our results indicated that the soil physical and chemical properties at 0 m site of each land use types may be mainly affected by the nutrient status of overlying water. The soil TN, TC of all land use types decreased gradually with the increase of distance from river bank, among which the contents of TN and TC at W2 were significantly higher than those at other sites. Compared with woodland, both abandoned cropland and grass land showed the phenomenon of soil particle loss and nutrient leaching. The characteristics of low NH4-N and high NO3-N were observed in the woodland after flooding, which may be related to denitrification. The main influencing factor is soil microbial activity at W20. The main influencing factor is soil nutrient status At W2. And at abandoned cropland and grassland, the main influencing factor is soil physical properties. The response of different land use types to short-term flooding may be mainly related to the degree of vegetation coverage. Abandoned cropland showed stronger resilience, while grassland showed stronger tolerance. The present study suggested that early and timing restoration will be an effective way to repair the riparian habitat.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Tailoring microstructures of materials through biomimetics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
Ilhan A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Successive Level ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Biomimetics involves investigation of structure, function, and methods of synthesis of biological composite materials. The goal is to apply this information to the design and synthesis of materials for engineering applications.Properties of engineering materials are structure sensitive through the whole spectrum of dimensions from nanometer to macro scale. The goal in designing and processing of technological materials, therefore, is to control microstructural evolution at each of these dimensions so as to achieve predictable physical and chemical properties. Control at each successive level of dimension, however, is a major challenge as is the retention of integrity between successive levels. Engineering materials are rarely fabricated to achieve more than a few of the desired properties and the synthesis techniques usually involve high temperature or low pressure conditions that are energy inefficient and environmentally damaging.In contrast to human-made materials, organisms synthesize composites whose intricate structures are more controlled at each scale and hierarchical order.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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