scholarly journals Measurement and Mitigation of Radon Concentration in a Traditional Dwelling in Galicia, Spain

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ricardo Pol ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez ◽  
Luis Santiago Quindós ◽  
Ismael Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Ionization Chamber ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Effective Reduction ◽  
The University ◽  
Mitigation Technique

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas which tends to build up within structures. It is therefore necessary to include techniques to mitigate radon concentration when undertaking refurbishment. The goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a mitigation technique based on pressurizing the interior of a building, by testing a prototype of the mitigating device, developed by Siglo 21 Consultores and the LaRUC of the University of Cantabria, under real conditions, to determine its effectiveness during refurbishment. The methodology involved installing the proposed solution in a traditional country dwelling in an area characterized by high radon concentration, on the coast of Galicia, Spain. In order to measure the effectiveness of the solution, continuous measurement sensors, set in an ionization chamber, and properly calibrated by the LaRUC laboratory, were installed. The results obtained show that pressurizing the living quarters brings about an effective reduction in the radon concentration, with a relatively simple building solution. This solution, which is compatible with the principle of minimum intervention, is seen to be especially appropriate when work is undertaken in structures recognized as heritage.

scholarly journals Response Tokens and Their Sequential Action in the Teacher Third Turn (Note 1) A Conversation Analysis Case Study in the EFL Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Asma Ebshiana
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Large Study ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Sequential Action ◽  
The Third ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
The University

In classroom settings, students` responses are regularly evaluated through the ubiquitous three-part sequence. It is through this pattern that teachers encourage student participation. Usually, the teacher uses response tokens such as “Okay”, Right” /” Alright”, “Mhm” “Oh”, in the third turn slot. These tokens are crucial and recurrent because they show where the teacher assesses the correctness or appropriateness of the students’ responses either end the sequence or begin a turn which ends the sequence. Moreover, such tokens have an impact on the sequence expansion and on the students’ participation. This article is a part of a large study examining the overall structure of the three-part sequence in data collected in an English pre-sessional programme (PSP) at the University of Huddersfield. The present article focuses on the analysis of naturally occurring data by using Conversation Analysis framework, henceforth (CA). A deep analysis is performed to examine how response tokens as evaluative responses are constructed sequentially in the third turn sequence as a closing action, whilst considering how some responses do not act as a closing sequence, since they elaborate and invite further talk. The results of response tokens have shown that they are greatly multifaceted. The analysis concluded that not all responses do the same function in the teacher’s third turn. Apart from confirming and acknowledging the student responses and maintaining listenership, some invite further contribution, others close and shift to another topic that designates closing the sequence, and some show a “change of state”. Their functions relate to their transitions, pauses and their intonation in the on-going sequence. 

Decarboxylation of Radioactive DOPA by Erythrocytes in Schizophrenia

1971 ◽  
Vol 118 (545) ◽  
pp. 465-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngo Tran ◽  
Marcel Laplante ◽  
Etienne Lebel
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Ionization Chamber ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Chamber Method ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells

The decarboxylation of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl-alanine (Dopa) to dopamine has been shown previously in animal and human tissues in both in vitro and in vivo studies (Sourkes, 1966; Vogel et al., 1970). However, very little information is available as to whether or not the decarboxylation of Dopa occurs in human red blood cells (RBC). In the present experiment we demonstrated this change in RBC from normals and from schizophrenics. An ionization chamber method was used for an instantaneous and continuous measurement of 14CO2 production from DL-dopa-carboxyl-14C by RBC in vitro.

HeadTalk, HandTalk and the corpus: towards a framework for multi-modal, multi-media corpus development

Corpora ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Knight ◽  
David Evans ◽  
Ronald Carter ◽  
Svenja Adolphs
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
The University ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Textual Records

In this paper, we address a number of key methodological challenges and concerns faced by linguists in the development of a new generation of corpora: the multi-modal, multi-media corpus – that which combines video, audio and textual records of naturally occurring discourse. We contextualise these issues according to a research project which is currently developing such a corpus: the ESRC-funded Understanding New Digital Records for e-Social Science (DReSS) project based at the University of Nottingham. 2 2 For further information, results and publications related to the project, please refer to the main DReSS website, at: http://web.mac.com/andy.crabtree/NCeSS_Digital_Records_Node/Welcome.html This paper primarily explores the questions of the functionality of the corpus, identifying the problems we faced in making multi-modal corpora ‘usable’ for further research. We focus on the need for new methods for categorising and marking up multiple streams of data, using, as examples, the coding of head nods and hand gestures. We also consider the challenges faced when integrating and representing the data in a functional corpus tool, to allow for further synthesis and analysis. Here, we also underline some of the ethical challenges faced in the development of this tool, exploring the issues faced both in the collection of data and in the future distribution of video corpora to the wider research community.

Charles Wayne Rees CBE. 15 October 1927 — 21 September 2006

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 351-378
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Heterocyclic Chemistry ◽  
Birkbeck College ◽  
Heterocyclic Molecules ◽  
King's College ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Organic Chemist ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
The University

Charles Rees was an eminent organic chemist. He specialized in the area of heterocyclic chemistry—the study of rings made up of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur atoms—an important subject given that many medicines, agrochemicals, dyes and reprographic materials, as well as a very large number of naturally occurring compounds, including the DNA bases, the building blocks of life itself, are heterocyclic molecules. His scientific work was dominated by two overarching themes: reactive intermediates, in particular neutral, electron-deficient species such as carbenes, nitrenes and arynes, and unusual ring systems, particularly strained rings and novel aromatic systems, including those rich in sulphur and nitrogen atoms. Born in 1927, he was educated at Farnham Grammar School, then spent three years at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, before going to University College Southampton (later Southampton University) (BSc 1950, PhD 1953). After a postdoctoral period, he was appointed assistant lecturer at Birkbeck College, London, in 1955, before moving to a lectureship at King’s College, London, and subsequently to chairs at the University of Leicester (1965), the University of Liverpool (1969) and Imperial College, London (1978). He was elected to the Royal Society in 1974 and appointed CBE in 1995. He died in London in 2006.

scholarly journals Measurements of range and angle of projection for the protons produced in the photo-disintegration of deuterium

1937 ◽  
Vol 163 (914) ◽  
pp. 366-375 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ionization Chamber ◽  
Heavy Particle ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Angular Distributions ◽  
Expansion Chamber ◽  
Cavendish Laboratory ◽  
Proportional Valve ◽  
Photo Effect ◽  
C And N ◽  
The University

The disintegration of a nucleus by the action of γ -rays—the nuclear photo-effect—was first observed by Chadwick and Goldhaber (1934) in the case of deuterium. The products of the disintegration are of course a proton and a neutron. In the first experiments only the protons liberated in the transformation were detected. This was done by means of an ionization chamber and “proportional” valve amplifier, and in this way a rough esti­mate was obtained of the mean kinetic energy with which the protons were ejected. Later the same authors (1935) supplemented the earlier evidence by detecting the neutrons liberated in the disintegration. For this purpose a boron-lined ionization chamber embedded in paraffin wax was used. They were further able to show that, per unit solid angle, the number of neutrons emitted in the direction of the γ -ray quanta was roughly about half the number emitted at right angles to that direction. The present paper describes an attempt to obtain more detailed information concerning the angular distribution of the disintegration particles and their binding energy in the deuterium nucleus. As was pointed out in each of the earlier discussions, such information can be obtained easily only by use of the expansion chamber. With the expansion chamber it is merely necessary to employ a deuterium-rich gas as filling and to be able to take satisfactory photographs of heavy particle tracks in the presence of the relatively intense background of cloud arising from the general γ -ray ionization in the chamber. These two conditions were successfully realized in the early summer of 1935, and a large number of photographs was taken with various arrangements. This work was carried out in the Cavendish Laboratory. Before all the photographs had been measured a preliminary report was made to the Norwich meeting of the British Association in September 1935. About the same time all three authors left Cambridge, and the task of completing the measurements and writing the final account of the research was considerably delayed in consequence. Two of us (J. C. and N. F.), however, made an entirely new set of measurements on all the photographs in March and April 1936. The results of these observations, carried out in the Physics Laboratory of the University of Liverpool, showed good agreement with the earlier incomplete data, and the final range and angular distributions have been based upon them exclusively.

scholarly journals Developments in New Measurements of Fission Cross-Sections, Fragment Yields, and Prompt and Quasi-Prompt Gammas for Nuclear Data Needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Adam Hecht ◽  
Phoenix Baldez ◽  
Baldez Baldez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ionization Chamber ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
University Of New Mexico ◽  
Alpha Emission ◽  
Time Projection ◽  
The University

The University of New Mexico Fission Spectrometer was developed to measure fission product yield, as part of the LANL SPIDER collaboration. The spectrometer operates as an E-v detector to extract product mass event-by-event, with a time of flight region followed by an ionization chamber for kinetic energy measurements. By using the ionization chamber as a singlecathode/single-anode time projection chamber, stopping power and thus Z information is extracted, for coupled A and Z measurements. New work is being performed to add gamma ray detectors in the data stream, placed near the target region for prompt gammas and near the ionization chamber for quasiprompt (>50 ns) and later gammas, correlated with individual fission products. A stand-alone parallel plate ionization chamber (PPIC) is also being developed for fission tagging gamma ray data. The PPIC will also allow discrimination between charged particle out events and (n,n’γ), and discriminate between alpha emission and fission. Using layers in the PPIC, other targets can be measured simultaneously with a calibration target, giving relative fission cross sections. Past measurements with the spectrometer were performed at LANSCE and we plan to continue measurements there. The current work is supported by the NNSA Stewardship Science Academic Alliance.

Precise atomic masses and mass differences for mercury

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1311-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kozier ◽  
K. S. Sharma ◽  
R. C. Barber ◽  
J. W. Barnard ◽  
R. J. Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Atomic Mass ◽  
Atomic Masses ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
University Of Manitoba ◽  
The University ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Resolution Mass

The 1.00 m radius high resolution mass spectrometer at the University of Manitoba ("Manitoba II") has been used to determine both atomic masses and atomic mass differences for all the naturally occurring isotopes of Hg with a precision superior to existing values. The mass difference data are in excellent agreement with recently tabulated values, while the atomic masses themselves differ significantly.

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