Skin Manifestations after Ionizing Radiation Exposure: A Systematic Review

Morphological and functional skin alterations secondary to the action of ionizing radiation are well documented. In addition to its application in the medical field, ionizing radiation represents a public health problem for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes due to the potential risk of exposure to unexpected events, such as nuclear accidents or malicious acts. With regard to the use of ionizing radiations in the medical field, today, they constitute a fundamental therapeutic method for various neoplastic pathologies. Therefore, the onset of adverse skin events induced by radiation represents a widespread and not negligible problem, affecting 95% of patients undergoing radiotherapy. A systematic literature search was performed from July 2021 up to August 2021 using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Articles were screened by title, abstract and full text as needed. A manual search among the references of the included papers was also performed. This systematic review describes the various skin reactions that can arise following exposure to ionizing radiation and which significantly impact the quality of life, especially in cancer patients.

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Clinical Procedures for the Prevention of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1714135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (10) ◽

pp. 659-668

Author(s):

Nádya Santos Moura ◽

Maria Luziene Sousa Gomes ◽

Ivana Rios Rodrigues ◽

Daniel Lorber Rolnik ◽

Fabrício Silva Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Guideline Development ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Manual Search ◽

The Individual ◽

Selection Of ◽

Mcmaster University

Abstract Objective To identify the most effective procedures recommended for the prevention of preeclampsia. Data Sources A systematic review was performed in the following databases: Pubmed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane and LILACS via the Virtual Health Library (VHL). A manual search was also performed to find additional references. The risk of bias, the quality of the evidence, and the classification of the strength of the recommendations were evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Selection of Studies In the initial search in the databases, the total number of articles retrieved was 351, and 2 were retrieved through the manual search; after duplicate articles were removed, 333 citations remained. After a thorough review of the titles and abstracts, 315 references were excluded. Accordingly, 18 articles were maintained for selection of the complete text (phase 2). This process led to the exclusion of 6 studies. In total, 12 articles were selected for data extraction and qualitative synthesis. Data Collection The articles selected for the study were analyzed, and we inserted the synthesis of the evidence in the online software GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool (GDT) (McMaster University and Evidence Prime Inc. All right reserved. McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontário, Canada); thus, it was possible to develop a table of evidence, with the quality of the evidence and the classification of the strength of the recommendations. Data Synthesis In total, seven studies recommended the individual use of aspirin, or aspirin combined with calcium, heparin or dipyridamole. The use of calcium alone or in combination with phytonutrients was also highlighted. All of the studies were with women at a high risk of developing preeclampsia. Conclusion According to the studies evaluated, the administration of aspirin is still the best procedure to be used in the clinical practice to prevent preeclampsia.

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Scales to Assess the Quality of Randomized Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20070147 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 156-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 423

Author(s):

Susan Armijo Olivo ◽

Luciana Gazzi Macedo ◽

Inae Caroline Gadotti ◽

Jorge Fuentes ◽

Tasha Stanton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Therapy ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Health Care Research ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Manual Search

Background and PurposeThe methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is commonly evaluated in order to assess the risk of biased estimates of treatment effects. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify scales used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs in health care research and summarize the content, construction, development, and psychometric properties of these scales.MethodsExtensive electronic database searches, along with a manual search, were performed.ResultsOne hundred five relevant studies were identified. They accounted for 21 scales and their modifications. The majority of scales had not been rigorously developed or tested for validity and reliability. The Jadad Scale presented the best validity and reliability evidence; however, its validity for physical therapy trials has not been supported.Discussion and ConclusionMany scales are used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs, but most of these scales have not been adequately developed and have not been adequately tested for validity and reliability. A valid and reliable scale for the assessment of the methodological quality of physical therapy trials needs to be developed.

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Comparative Efficacy and Safety of the Moxibustion for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-442162/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juan Gao ◽

Xiujuan Zhou ◽

Hongyan Xie ◽

hong Gao ◽

xiaoxu Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Manual Search ◽

Acute Respiratory Insufficiency ◽

The World ◽

Complementary And Alternative

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread from its origins to the world and become a pandemic since late 2019. It predominantly damages the lungs and causes diffuse alveolar injury with edema, cellular fibroblasts and hyaline membrane formation, resulting in acute respiratory insufficiency, respiratory failure, sepsis, acute heart injury, heart failure and other severe complications. It is also reported that moxibustion can effectively modify the negative emotions and relieve the symptoms of chest distress and impaired appetite for the patient with COVID-19. The main objective of current research is to make an assessment for effectiveness and safety of the moxibustion as an important complementary and alternative therapeutic method for COVID-19.Methods and analysis Articles for the systematic literature will be located at the MEDLINE, OVID, EMBASE, CNKI, CBM, NTR, Chi CTR databases. With no restriction about language, manual search will be conducted for potential eligible articles as supplements. Any randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with any moxibustion interventions issued by the therapeutic regimen on all patients diagnosed with COVID-19 will be included. We will include the published studies with no restriction about language. All study records of the title and abstract identified by the search strategies will be directly imported and assessed based on the eligibility criteria. Risk of individual studies for the methodological quality of eligible RCTs will be assessed with the tool from the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool.Discussion The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of moxibustion as a complementary and alternative treatment for COVID-19.No studies have investigated whether moxibustion will relieve clinical symptoms and shorten the length of hospitalization time.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis program designed to update the currently available evidence. Despite the fact of controversial views in using moxibustion, if this study confirms its efficacy and safety, it could provide a better guide for clinical practice around the world.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020176572.

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Hypofractionated radiotherapy for newly diagnosed elderly glioblastoma patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0257384 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. e0257384

Author(s):

Suely Maymone de Melo ◽

Gustavo Nader Marta ◽

Carolina de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca ◽

Camila Bertini Martins ◽

Orestis Efthimiou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Hypofractionated Radiotherapy ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Manual Search ◽

Grade 3

Objective To evaluate different hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) regimens for newly diagnosed elderly glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Methods We performed a systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA), including searches on CENTRAL, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, clinical trial databases and manual search. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. Primary outcomes: overall survival (OS) and adverse events (AE). Secondary outcomes: progression-free-survival (PFS) and quality of life (QoL). We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) table for assessing individual studies and CINeMA for evaluating the certainty of the final body of evidence. Results Four RCTs (499 patients) were included. For OS, the estimates from NMA did not provide strong evidence of a difference between the HRTs: 40 Gray (Gy) versus 45 Gy (HR: 0.89; CI 95%: 0.42, 1.91); 34 Gy versus 45 Gy (HR: 0.85; CI 95% 0.43, 1.70); 25 Gy versus 45 Gy (HR: 0.81; CI 95% 0.32, 2.02); 34 Gy versus 40 Gy (HR: 0.95; CI 95% 0.57, 1.61); and 25 Gy versus 34 Gy (HR: 0.95; CI 95% 0.46, 1.97). We performed qualitative synthesis for AE and QoL due to data scarcity and clinical heterogeneity among studies. The four studies reported a similar QoL (assessed by different methods) between arms. One RCT reported grade ≥ 3 AE, with no evidence of a difference between arms. PFS was reported in one study (25 Gy versus 40 Gy), with no evidence of a difference between arms. Conclusion This review found no evidence of a difference between the evaluated HRTs for efficacy and safety.

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Quality of Life After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17228439 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (22) ◽

pp. 8439

Author(s):

Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle ◽

Moath Abu Ejheisheh ◽

María José Membrive-Jiménez ◽

Nora Suleiman-Martos ◽

Luis Albendín-García ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Good Choice ◽

Physical Consequences

Coronary heart disease is a public health problem and is one of the leading causes of loss of quality of life, disability, and death worldwide. The main procedure these patients undergo is cardiac catheterisation, which helps improve their quality of life, symptoms of myocardial ischemia, and ventricular function, thus helping increase the survival rate of sufferers. It can also, however, lead to physical consequences, including kidney failure, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke. The objective of this study was to analyse how coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) influences quality of life. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Cuiden databases in June 2020. A total of 7537 subjects were included, 16 in the systematic review and 3 in the meta-analysis. The studies analysing quality of life using the SF questionnaire showed improvements in the quality of physical and mental appearance, and those using the NHP questionnaire showed score improvements and, in some cases, differences in quality of life between women and men. This operation seems to be a good choice for improving the quality of life of people with coronary pathologies, once the possible existing risks have been assessed.

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Neurodevelopmental effects of low dose ionizing radiation exposure: A systematic review of the epidemiological evidence

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2019.105371 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 105371 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elisa Pasqual ◽

Magda Bosch de Basea ◽

Mónica López-Vicente ◽

Isabelle Thierry-Chef ◽

Elisabeth Cardis

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Radiation Exposure ◽

Low Dose ◽

Epidemiological Evidence ◽

Ionizing Radiation Exposure ◽

Neurodevelopmental Effects

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Ionizing Radiation Protein Biomarkers in Normal Tissue and Their Correlation to Radiosensitivity: Protocol for a Systematic Review

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11010003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Anne Dietz ◽

Maria Gomolka ◽

Simone Moertl ◽

Prabal Subedi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Normal Tissue ◽

Health Assessment ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Human Normal Tissue

Background: Radiosensitivity is a significantly enhanced reaction of cells, tissues, organs or organisms to ionizing radiation (IR). During radiotherapy, surrounding normal tissue radiosensitivity often limits the radiation dose that can be applied to the tumour, resulting in suboptimal tumour control or adverse effects on the life quality of survivors. Predicting radiosensitivity is a component of personalized medicine, which will help medical professionals allocate radiation therapy decisions for effective tumour treatment. So far, there are no reviews of the current literature that explore the relationship between proteomic changes after IR exposure and normal tissue radiosensitivity systematically. Objectives: The main objective of this protocol is to specify the search and evaluation strategy for a forthcoming systematic review (SR) dealing with the effects of in vivo and in vitro IR exposure on the proteome of human normal tissue with focus on radiosensitivity. Methods: The SR framework has been developed following the guidelines established in the National Toxicology Program/Office of Health Assessment and Translation (NTP/OHAT) Handbook for Conducting a Literature-Based Health Assessment, which provides a standardised methodology to implement the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to environmental health assessments. The protocol will be registered in PROSPERO, an open source protocol registration system, to guarantee transparency. Eligibility criteria: Only experimental studies, in vivo and in vitro, investigating effects of ionizing radiation on the proteome of human normal tissue correlated with radio sensitivity will be included. Eligible studies will include English peer reviewed articles with publication dates from 2011–2020 which are sources of primary data. Information sources: The search strings will be applied to the scientific literature databases PubMed and Web of Science. The reference lists of included studies will also be manually searched. Data extraction and results: Data will be extracted according to a pre-defined modality and compiled in a narrative report following guidelines presented as a “Synthesis without Meta-analyses” method. Risk of bias: The risk of bias will be assessed based on the NTP/OHAT risk of bias rating tool for human and animal studies (OHAT 2019). Level of evidence rating: A comprehensive assessment of the quality of evidence for both in vivo and in vitro studies will be followed, by assigning a confidence rating to the literature. This is followed by translation into a rating on the level of evidence (high, moderate, low, or inadequate) regarding the research question. Registration: PROSPERO Submission ID 220064.

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Impact of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and its medications on adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034821 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e034821 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kefyalew Addis Alene ◽

Akilew Awoke Adane ◽

Alemken Jegnie

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Resistant Tuberculosis ◽

Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽

Mdr Tb ◽

The Impact

IntroductionMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a common public health problem affecting pregnant women. However, the impact of MDR-TB and its medication on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes has been poorly understood and inconsistently reported. Therefore, using the available literature, we aim to determine whether MDR-TB and its medications during pregnancy impact maternal and perinatal outcomes.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Systematic searches will be conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science on 10 February 2020 for studies that reported adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes due to MDR-TB and/or its medication. The search will be performed without language and time restrictions. Adverse birth outcomes include miscarriage or abortion, stillbirth, preterm birth, low birth weight, small and large for gestational age, and neonatal death. Two independent reviewers will screen search records, extract data and assess the quality of the studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale will be used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. In addition to a narrative synthesis, a random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted when sufficient data are available. I2 statistics will be used to assess the heterogeneity between studies.Ethics and disseminationAs it will be a systematic review and meta-analysis based on previously published evidence, there will be no requirement for ethical approval. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at various conferences.

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Standards for the safe administration of chemotherapy in oncological patients 2015 – 2020: A systematic review [Estándares para la administración segura de quimioterapia en pacientes oncológicos 2015 – 2020: Revisión Sistemática]

Journal of Global Health and Medicine ◽

10.32829/ghmj.v5i2.155 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 50-65

Author(s):

Yuly Susan Quispe Condor ◽

Liz Edenia García Saavedra ◽

Johanna Elizabeth Rodríguez Zambrano ◽

Mary Baneza Espinoza Acuña ◽

Olga Georgina Bedoya Ticlavilca

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Continuous Training ◽

Preventive Actions ◽

Oncological Patients ◽

Revisión Sistemática ◽

Care Guidelines

Cancer is currently a public health problem. It should be noted that most patients require treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy among other procedures to recover their health. The aim of this study was to analyze the development of scientific evidence on standards for the safe administration of chemotherapy in cancer patients. Methodology: a descriptive systematic review was performed with the search of databases in Pub Med and Scopus selected articles from 2015 - 2020 in English and Spanish languages. The results indicate that the safe administration of chemotherapy in oncology patients requires nurses to use updated standardized protocols and care guidelines with continuous training, as well as to carry out preventive actions of monitoring, control and follow-up for compliance with the protocols. It is concluded that adverse events should be socialized among nurses to assume improvement plans and strategies to raise the quality of the services provided by the nursing professional, as well as to avoid errors and complications of malpractice in the administration of chemotherapy.

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