scholarly journals Predictive Model of Nail Consistency Using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-Ray

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Esther Mingorance Álvarez ◽  
Rodrigo Martínez Quintana ◽  
Ana Mª Pérez Pico ◽  
Raquel Mayordomo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nail Plate ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Special Distribution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nail plate is made up of tightly packed keratin-rich cells. Factors such as the special distribution of the intermediate filaments in each layer (dorsal, intermediate, and ventral), the relative thickness of the layers, and their chemical composition define the characteristics of each nail. The main objective of this study is to determine nail consistency by calculating a predictive model based on elemental composition analysis using scanning electron microscopy. Nail consistency was determined in 57 participants (29 women and 28 men) in two age groups (young people and adults). Elemental composition was analysed in each layer using scanning SEM-EDS, and nail plate thickness was measured by image analysis. A total of 12 elements were detected in nail plates, of which carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, and calcium showed significant differences between layers (p-values ≤ 0.01). The level of calcium in the dorsal layer was the main predictive variable in calculating the predictive model of consistency, with 75.4% correctly classified cases. Elemental analysis in each layer of the nail plate by SEM-EDS can be used to develop a predictive model of nail consistency that will help health professionals to objectively determine nail consistency.

Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis to Understand the Role of Tannin-Based Dyes in the Degradation of Historical Wool Textiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1534-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalaura Restivo ◽  
Ilaria Degano ◽  
Erika Ribechini ◽  
Josefina Pérez-Arantegui ◽  
Maria Perla Colombini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract:An innovative approach, combining field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, is presented to investigate the degradation mechanisms affecting tannin-dyed wool. In fact, tannin-dyed textiles are more sensitive to degradation then those dyed with other dyestuffs, even in the same conservation conditions.FESEM-EDX was first used to study a set of 48 wool specimens (artificially aged) dyed with several raw materials and mordants, and prepared according to historical dyeing recipes. EDX analysis was performed on the surface of wool threads and on their cross-sections. In addition, in order to validate the model formulated by the analysis of reference materials, several samples collected from historical and archaeological textiles were subjected to FESEM-EDX analysis.FESEM-EDX investigations enabled us to reveal the correlation between elemental composition and morphological changes. In addition, aging processes were clarified by studying changes in the elemental composition of wool from the protective cuticle to the fiber core in cross-sections. Morphological and elemental analysis of wool specimens and of archaeological and historical textiles showed that the presence of tannins increases wool damage, primarily by causing a sulfur decrease and fiber oxidation.

Peridial composition of white fructifications in the Trichiales (Perichaena and Dianema)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (13) ◽  
pp. 1807-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean D. Schoknecht ◽  
Harold W. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Crystals ◽  
Crystalline Deposits ◽  
Chemical Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nature of the peridial deposits in the genus Perichaena and in a species of Dianema has been defined by a combination of scanning electron microscopy, x-ray microanalysis, and various chemical techniques. These crystalline deposits in the peridium have proven to be primarily calcium oxalate. Some species of Perichaena and the Dianema also incoiporate silicon crystals on the peridium. The white and non-white phases of different species of Perichaena were compared and found to have similar elemental composition of peridia.

scholarly journals Korosi Retak Tegang pada Pipa Superheater Ketel Uap yang Baru Dibangun [Stress Corrosion Cracking of Cage Superheater Tubes of a Newly Built Boiler]

Metalurgi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
D.N. Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Superheater Tube ◽  
Scanning Electron

A number of cage superheater tubes of a newly built steam boiler have been leaking during boiler’s first start-up commissioning. Leaking occurred when the boiler had just reached a pressure of 23.7 barg and temperature 4050 C from the intended operating pressure of 53 barg and temperature of 4850C. Type of failure and factors that may have caused the leakage of the cage superheater tube are discussed in this paper. The metallurgical assessment was conducted by preparing a number of specimens from the as received leaked cage superheater tube. Various laboratory examinations were performed including macroscopic examination, chemical composition analysis, metallographic examination, hardness test and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) examination equipped with EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) analysis. Results of the metallurgical assessment obtained show that the leaked cage superheater tubes have been experiencing stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) caused by the combined effect of corrosion and tensile stress. The corrosion agent that may have been responsible for the occurrence of SCC in the tube was mostly due to caustic sodium (Na) and other elements in a lesser extent such as Ca, Cl, S and P.AbstrakSejumlah pipa penukar panas lanjut pada sebuah ketel uap yang baru dibangun diketemukan bocor selama operasi komisioning yang pertama. Kebocoran terjadi ketika ketel uap baru saja mencapai tekanan 23,7 barg dan temperatur 405 °C dari tekanan dan temperatur operasi yang direncanakan yaitu 53 barg dan 485 °C. Dalam makalah ini dibahas jenis kerusakan dan faktor-faktor yang kemungkinan telah menyebabkan terjadinya kebocoran pada pipa penukar panas lanjut tersebut. Penelitian/pengujian metalurgi telah dilakukan dengan mempersiapkan sejumlah benda uji yang diperoleh dari salah satu potongan pipa yang bocor tersebut. Berbagai pengujian laboratorium telah dilakukan meliputi: uji makro, analisa komposisi kimia, uji metalografi, uji kekerasan dan uji SEM (scanning electron microscopy) yang dilengkapi dengan analisis EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy). Hasil penelitian/pengujian metalurgi yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pipa penukar panas lanjut yang bocor tersebut telah mengalami retak korosi tegangan yang disebabkan oleh efek kombinasi antara korosi dan tegangan tarik. Unsur korosif yang kemungkinan dapat menimbulkan terjadinya retak korosi tegangan pada pipa penukar panas lanjut adalah kaustik sodium (Na) dan elemen-elemen lainnya pada tingkatan yang relatif rendah seperti Ca, Cl, S dan P. 

scholarly journals Failure Analysis of Weld Cracking in External Cold Water Pipeline of Condenser in Converter Station

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 06031
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Yaxia Qiao ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Hongjian Lou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis ◽  
Water Pipeline ◽  
Scanning Electron

The cause of weld cracking in external cold water pipeline of condenser in a ±800kV converter station were analyzed by macro inspection, chemical composition analysis, hardness test, microstructure inspection, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum test methods.The results show that the main reason for the cracks is that the material and manufacturing process are not qualified, and the welding process is not good. Corresponding control measures are put forward to avoid similar failures from happening again.

THE MANUFACTURE AND BURIAL OF HOHOKAM DISK BEADS IN THE TUCSON BASIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny L. Adams ◽  
Mary F. Ownby
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Tucson Basin ◽  
Macroscopic Examination ◽  
Scanning Electron

Recent examinations of more than 13,000 disk beads from mortuary contexts determined that macroscopic examination was not always enough to distinguish shell, stone, and fired-clay beads. Using replication experiments and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), we update the 80-year-old conclusions of Emil Haury, who defined features distinctive to bead manufacture. With this renewed confidence in materials identification, we analyzed the distributions of disk beads made from shell, stone, and fired clay among Hohokam inhumations and cremations at the Yuma Wash, Honey Bee Village, and Wetlands sites in the Tucson Basin. Not everyone was buried with disk beads, but all age groups were represented among those who were buried with beads. Some people were buried with only stone, or only shell, or only fired-clay beads, although more were buried with beads of some combination of these three materials. In this article, we consider why fired-clay beads were added to the mix and conclude that they were made as acceptable substitutes for stone beads, not for deceptive reasons concerning wealth or status, but rather in imitation of stone to honor a tradition that could not otherwise be efficiently met.

Mandalacystis, a new rhipidocystid eocrinoid from the Whiterockian Stage (Ordovician) in Oklahoma and Nevada

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1222-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Lewis ◽  
James Sprinkle ◽  
J. Bowman Bailey ◽  
John Moffit ◽  
Ronald L. Parsley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
South Central ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Thecal Plate ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Mandalacystis dockeryi n. gen. and sp. is known from seven complete or nearly complete thecae, six partial thecae, and numerous separate plates from the Oil Creek Formation in south-central Oklahoma, and a single thecal plate from the Antelope Valley Limestone in Nevada. Details of skeletal microstructure (stereom) are well preserved, permitting scanning electron microscopy for the first time in the Eocrinoidea, and demonstrating that plate thickness on thecal faces is only 60–70 μm. Mandalacystis is characterized by labyrinthine ridges on both faces of the theca, relatively short brachioles, and a normal stem with holdfast (at least in juvenile stages). Based on the normal biserial arrangement of brachiolar plates in the brachioles and the possession of a normal stem, Mandalacystis appears to be one of the most primitive rhipidocystids, closely related to Petalocystites.Mandalacystis dockeryi lived in a storm-dominated, shallow-water offshore habitat on patches of skeletal debris surrounded by soft, terrigenous mud. This setting may have been conducive to the transition from an erect, attached mode of life to the prone, unattached lifestyle of later rhipidocystids.

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