scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Leaves of Butterbur (Petasites japonicus) and Their Anti-Inflammatory Effects

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Su Lee ◽  
Miran Jeong ◽  
Sangsu Park ◽  
Seung Mok Ryu ◽  
Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm ◽  
Petasites Japonicus

Two new aryltetralin lactone lignans, petasitesins A and B were isolated from the hot water extract of the leaves of butterbur (Petasites japonicus) along with six known compounds. The chemical structures of lignans 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra. Petasitesin A and cimicifugic acid D showed significant inhibitory effects on the production of both prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and NO in RAW264.7 macrophages. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were inhibited by compound 1 in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited strong affinities with both iNOS and COX-2 enzymes in molecular docking studies.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of Euonymus glabra

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001
Author(s):  
Jie Ren ◽  
Yang-Guo Xie ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Shi-Kai Yan ◽  
Hui-Zi Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
No Production ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Circular Dichroism Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm

One new phenolic compound (1) and one new flavan (2), together with eight known compounds (3–10) were isolated from the stems and twigs of Euonymus glabra Roxb. Their structures were elucidated mainly on the basis of 1D and 2D spectroscopic methods and circular dichroism analysis. In addition, compounds 1–10 were tested for their inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Compounds 1–5 and 7 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranged from 5.1 to 11.9 μM.

Chemical Constituents from Chloranthus elatior and Their Inhibitory Effect on Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Yang ◽  
An Jia ◽  
Xizi Liu ◽  
Shiyi Han ◽  
Siyang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Electronic Circular Dichroism ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm

AbstractA new sesquiterpene, chlorantholide G (1), a new sesquiterpene dimer, elatiolactone (2), and 2 new diterpenes, elatiorlabdane B (3) and elatiorlabdane C (4), together with 51 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Chloranthus elatior. The new structures including their absolute configurations were mainly established by mass spectrometric, NMR, and electronic circular dichroism experiments. All isolated compounds were tested for their anti-hDHODH activity. (4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-isopropyl-3-methylcyclohex-2-enone (5) and (4S,5R,9S,10R)-8(17),12,14-labdatrien-18-oic acid (29) were the most active compounds with IC50 values of 18.7 and 30.7 µM, respectively.

scholarly journals Administration of Chinpi, a Component of the Herbal Medicine Ninjin-Youei-To, Reverses Age-Induced Demyelination

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanako Sato ◽  
Chika Seiwa ◽  
Michihiro Uruse ◽  
Masahiro Yamamoto ◽  
Kayoko Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Precursor

The disruption of myelin causes severe neurological diseases. An understanding of the mechanism of myelination and remyelination is essential for the development of therapeutic strategies for demyelination diseases. Our previous findings indicated that the FcRγ/Fyn cascade is a potential therapeutic target for remyelination caused by the Chinese/Japanese traditional herbal (Kampo) medicine ninjin’youeito (Ninjin-youei-to, NYT), which is a hot-water extract made from 12 medicinal herbs. To identify which constituents of NYT are involved in the reversal of demyelination and to examine the potential therapeutic effect, we tested several of the chemical constituents of NYT. Here, we report that Chinpi, a constituent of NYT, upregulates the FcRγ/Fyn signaling cascade resulting in a potentially therapeutic effect against age-induced demyelination. In addition, we observed that phosphorylated (activated) FcRγ/Fyn upregulated the expression of the 21.5 kDa isoform of myelin basic protein, inducing rapid morphological differentiation, when oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) were cultured in the presence of hesperidin and/or narirutin (the major active constituents of Chinpi). These results suggest that hesperidin and narirutin participate in the FcRγ/Fyn signaling pathway in OPCs causing these cells to differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes.

Conformational Analysis of Diterpene Lactone Andrographolide towards Reestablishment of Its Absolute Configuration via Theoretical and Experimental ECD and VCD Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Muhamad Faid A Kadir ◽  
Agustono Wibowo ◽  
Fatimah Salim ◽  
El Hassane Anouar ◽  
Khalijah Awang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Conformational Analysis ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Dft Methods ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm

Andrographolide, the major constituent from the terrestrial plant Andrographis paniculata is a much-studied bioactive ent-labdane diterpene lactone and has become an important medicinal intermediate. Its structure as determined by X-ray crystallography has been applied in molecular docking studies to explain biological activities. Nevertheless, recently there has been a number of conflicting reports concerning the stereochemistry at the C-14 and C-10 positions affecting the absolute configuration (AC) of the compound. Since a lack of information on the molecular flexibility of the molecule can lead to misleading conclusions on biological activity, a conformational analysis of the molecule in the solution state was necessary. The conformational analysis was performed by the Spartan14 package using the Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF). The exciton chirality method in electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy (ECM-ECD) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) techniques were then jointly employed to re-establish the AC of andrographolide. Theoretical calculations were performed using TD-DFT methods by using the hybrid functionals B3LYP and CAM-B3LYP combined with 6-31G(d,p) basis set. Long-range exciton coupling of 2-naphthoyl chromophores at C-14 and C-19 led to the establishment of the AC to be 3R, 4R, 5S, 9R, 10R and 14S. Comparison between the theoretical VCD data of 14-S and 14-R stereoisomer confirmed a configuration of S at C-14 position instead of R.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Toxicological Profile, and In Silico Studies of Dimeric Naphthoquinones from Diospyros lotus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Tareq Abu-Izneid ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Fahad A. Alhumaydhi ◽  
Saud Bawazeer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Diospyros Lotus ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Diospyros lotus, also known as date-plum, belongs to the Ebenaceae family and is mostly recognized as a rootstock for D. kaki. Similar classes of naphthoquinones in D. lotus are investigated against cancer and inflammation and have antimicrobial, sedative, and analgesic properties. Six chemical constituents (1-6) were isolated from Diospyros lotus and tested for anti-inflammatory effects at the dose of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg, i.p., using carrageenan (1%, 0.05 ml)-induced paw edema. The maximum protection against carrageenan-induced edema was observed for compounds 1 and 2. Both studied compounds demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effect after the 3rd hour of posttreatment. The maximum anti-inflammatory effect of compound 1 was 85.96%, while that of compound 2 was 81.44%, followed by compounds 5 and 6, which exhibited 80.11% and 82.45% effect, respectively. Similarly, histamine-induced inflammation was significantly antagonized by 1, 2, 5, and 6 with 87.99%, 82.18±1.8, 80.40±1.59, and 77.44% effects, respectively, at 5 mg/kg after the 2nd hour of posttreatment. The rest of the tested compounds did not show any significant effect as compared to the negative control. Interestingly, no toxicity was observed at higher doses. Moreover, the extracted compounds showed remarkable antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria and no effect against the Gram-negative bacteria. Docking studies on target cyclooxygenases showed that all the compounds established interactions with the key amino acid residues present in the additional pocket of COX-2. Hence, these compounds may act as selective COX-2 inhibitors. In conclusion, the findings of the current study suggest that the roots of Diospyros lotus may contain some anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agents with minimal toxicological effects and accordingly this plant product is recommended for further investigations.

scholarly journals Structural Characterization of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Sophora flavescensAit. and Their Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation Based on NO Release

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Xuan Li ◽  
Ke-Gang Linghu ◽  
Si-Liang Jiang ◽  
Yong-Sheng Cui ◽  
Cai-Xia Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Sophora Flavescens ◽  
No Release ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: The dried roots of Sophora flavescens Ait. are traditionally used as Sophora Flavescens (Kushen in Chinese) to treat inflammatory diseases. It is traditionally served as a decoction, and polysaccharides represent one the major chemical constituents of this decoction. How about the structure of S. flavescens polysaccharides and whether they have anti-inflammatory activity should be uncovered.Methods: The purified polysaccharides were isolated through a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE 650 M and gel filtration on Superdex G-200 from hot water extract of S. flavescens. Structure was characterized by chemical derivatization as well as HPLC, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR technologies. The preliminary in vitro antiinflammation activity was tested on RAW 264.7 cells upon NO release inhibition.Results: In this study, four polysaccharides, namely, SFNP-1, SFNP-2, SFAP-1, and SFAP-2, were isolated from S. flavescens. Results showed that both SFNP-1 and SFNP-2 contained (1→4)-linked glucans with small amounts of side chains at the O-4 position of the backbone chain residues. The two acidic polysaccharides (i.e.,SFAP-1 and SFAP-2) were identified to be pectin-type polysaccharides mainly containing a homo-galacturanan backbone consisting of α-(1→4)-linked GalAp and methyl-esterified α-(1→4)-linked GalAp residues at a ratio ofapproximately1:1. The bioactivity test revealed that the four purified polysaccharides have no cytotoxicity on RAW264.7andthat SFNP-1 and SFNP-2 show significant stimulating activity. Although the decoction of S. flavescens has been traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory agent, NO release inhibition results showed thatSFAP-1 and SFAP-2, as the major polysaccharides of SFCP, do not have significant anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusions: This result suggests that the anti-inflammatory effect of the decoction of S. flavescens may depend on the presence of alkaloids and not the polysaccharides it contains.

scholarly journals New 8-C-p-Hydroxylbenzylflavonol Glycosides from Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) Tendril and Their Osteoclast Differentiation Inhibitory Activities

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiok Kim ◽  
Joo-Hee Choi ◽  
Jisu Oh ◽  
Ji-Yeon Park ◽  
Young-Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Chemical Structures

Six new 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides were isolated from a hot water extract of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) tendril and elucidated as 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylquercetin 3-O-rutinoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzoylquercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylkaempferol 3-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzoylkaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylisorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, and 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylisorhamnetin 3-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside. Their chemical structures were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometer (ESIMS) analyses. The 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides were found to inhibit the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM), an osteoclast progenitor. Additionally, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides effectively reduced the expression of osteoclast-related genes, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, cathepsin K, nuclear factor activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1, and dendritic cell specific transmembrane protein in RANKL-treated BMDMs. These results indicate that the 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides may be the main components responsible for the osteoclast differentiation inhibitory effect of pumpkin tendril.

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