scholarly journals Microfluidics: A Novel Approach for Dehydration Protein Droplets

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Van Nhat Pham ◽  
Dimitri Radajewski ◽  
Isaac Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Sebastien Teychene
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Novel Approach

The equation of state of colloids plays an important role in the modelling and comprehension of industrial processes, defining the working conditions of processes such as drying, filtration, and mixing. The determination of the equation is based on the solvent equilibration, by dialysis, between the colloidal suspension and a reservoir with a known osmotic pressure. In this paper, we propose a novel microfluidic approach to determine the equation of state of a lysozyme solution. Monodispersed droplets of lysozyme were generated in the bulk of a continuous 1-decanol phase using a flow-focusing microfluidic geometry. In this multiphasic system and in the working operation conditions, the droplets can be considered to act as a permeable membrane system. A water mass transfer flow occurs by molecule continuous diffusion in the surrounding 1-decanol phase until a thermodynamic equilibrium is reached in a few seconds to minutes, in contrast with the standard osmotic pressure measurements. By changing the water saturation of the continuous phase, the equation of state of lysozyme in solution was determined through the relation of the osmotic pressure between protein molecules and the volume fraction of protein inside the droplets. The obtained equation shows good agreement with other standard approaches reported in the literature.

Separation of Ni(II) from Nickel-Containing Wastewater in an Emulsion Liquid Membrane System with P507 as Carrier

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 837-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Quan Jiang ◽  
Jiang Nan Zeng ◽  
Yu De Liu ◽  
Wen Long Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Span 80

An effective emulsion liquid membrane system with P507 as carrier, Span-80 as surfactant and H2SO4 as internal aqueous phase was established to treat Ni(Ⅱ)-containing wastewater. The effects of volume fraction of Span-80 in the oil phase(φ(Span-80)), emulsifying stirring speed(ν1), separation stirring speed(ν2), volume fraction of P507(φ(P507)), volume ratio of oil phase to internal phase(Roi), milk phase to water phase(Rew) and concentration of H2SO4 in internal aqueous phase on Ni(Ⅱ) migrating rate have been investigated in the course of migrating of nickel ions in the system. The optimal operation conditions were determined to be: φ(Span-80)=8.5%,ν1 =3600 r·min-1,ν2 =320 r·min-1, φ(P507)=6.5%, Roi =1:1, Rew =2:5 and c（H2SO4）=1.6 mol·L-1 ,under which the migrating rate of nickel ions reached above 97%.

Capillary pressure, osmotic pressure and bubble contact areas in foams

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Höhler ◽  
Jordan Seknagi ◽  
Andrew Kraynik
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Average Pressure ◽  
Contact Areas ◽  
The Difference

The capillary pressure of foams and emulsions is the difference between the average pressure in the dispersed phase and the pressure in the continuous phase.

scholarly journals Universal Equation of State Describes Osmotic Pressure throughout Gelation Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yasuda ◽  
Naoyuki Sakumichi ◽  
Ung-il Chung ◽  
Takamasa Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Universal Equation ◽  
Gelation Process

Numerical simulation for Darcy-Forchheimer flow of carbon nanotubes due to convectively heated nonlinear curved stretching surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 3290-3304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ijaz Khan ◽  
Khursheed Muhammad ◽  
Tasawar Hayat ◽  
Shahid Farooq ◽  
Ahmed Alsaedi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Curved Surface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Porosity Parameter ◽  
Forchheimer Number ◽  
Forchheimer Flow ◽  
Walled Cnts ◽  
Behavior Index

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the salient aspects of the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of viscous liquid in carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs are considered as nanofluid, and water is taken as the continuous phase liquid. The flow features are discussed via curved surface. Water is taken as the base liquid. Flow is generated via nonlinear stretching. Energy expression is modeled subject to heat generation/absorption. Furthermore, convective conditions are considered at the boundary. The Xue model is used in the mathematical modeling which describes the features of nanomaterials. Both types of CNTs are considered, i.e. single-walled CNTs and multi-walled CNTs. Design/methodology/approach Appropriate transformations are used to convert the flow expressions into dimensionless differential equations. The bvp4c method is used for solution development. Findings Velocity enhances via higher estimations of nanoparticles volume fraction while decays for higher Forchheimer number, curvature parameter, behavior index and porosity parameter. Furthermore, thermal field is an increasing function of nanoparticle volume fraction, behavior index, Forchheimer number and porosity parameter. Originality/value Here, the authors have discussed two-dimensional CNTs-based nanomaterial Darcy–Forchheimer flow of viscous fluid over a curved surface. The authors believe that all the outcomes and numerical techniques are original and have not been published elsewhere.

Mass transfer and metabolic reactions in hepatocyte spheroids cultured in rotating wall gas-permeable membrane system

Biomaterials ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (36) ◽  
pp. 5487-5497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrem Curcio ◽  
Simona Salerno ◽  
Giuseppe Barbieri ◽  
Loredana De Bartolo ◽  
Enrico Drioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Rotating Wall ◽  
Metabolic Reactions ◽  
Hepatocyte Spheroids

A PHASE-PLANE DESCRIPTION OF NONLINEAR TRAVELING WAVES IN BUBBLY LIQUIDS

1999 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
A. NADIM ◽  
D. GOLDMAN ◽  
J. J. CARTMELL ◽  
P. E. BARBONE
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Fixed Points ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Phase Plane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Traveling Wave Solutions ◽  
Bubbly Liquid ◽  
Phase Plane Analysis ◽  
Bubbly Liquids

One-dimensional traveling wave solutions to the fully nonlinear continuity and Euler equations in a bubbly liquid are considered. The elimination of velocity from the two equations leaves a single nonlinear algebraic relation between the pressure and density profiles in the mixture. On assuming the bubbles to have identical size and taking the volume fraction of bubbles in the medium to be small, an equation of state which relates the mixture pressure to the density and its first two material time-derivatives is derived. When this equation of state is linearized and combined with the laws of conservation of mass and momentum, a nonlinear, second-order, ordinary differential equation is obtained for the density as a function of the single traveling wave coordinate. A phase-plane analysis of this equation reveals the existence of two fixed points, one of which is a saddle and the other a node. A single trajectory connects the two fixed points and corresponds to a traveling shock wave solution when the Mach number of the wave, defined as the ratio of traveling wave speed to the low-frequency speed of sound in the bubbly liquid, exceeds unity. The analysis provides a qualitative explanation of the oscillations behind shocks seen in experiments on bubbly liquids.

Comparative Assessment of Turbulence Models for Prediction of Flow-Induced Corrosion Damages

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Das ◽  
Debashis Basu ◽  
Todd Mintz
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Reynolds Stress Model ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Protective Film

The present study makes a comparative assessment of different turbulence models in simulating the flow-assisted corrosion (FAC) process for pipes with noncircular cross sections and bends, features regularly encountered in heat exchangers and other pipeline networks. The case study investigates material damage due to corrosion caused by dissolved oxygen (O2) in a stainless steel pipe carrying an aqueous solution. A discrete solid phase is also present in the solution, but the transport of the solid particles is not explicitly modeled. It is assumed that the volume fraction of the solid phase is low, so it does not affect the continuous phase. Traditional two-equation models are compared, such as isotropic eddy viscosity, standard k-ε and k-ω models, shear stress transport (SST) k-ω models, and the anisotropic Reynolds Stress Model (RSM). Computed axial and radial velocities, and turbulent kinetic energy profiles predicted by the turbulence models are compared with available experimental data. Results show that all the turbulence models provide comparable results, though the RSM model provided better predictions in certain locations. The convective and diffusive motion of dissolved O2 is calculated by solving the species transport equations. The study assumes that solid particle impingement on the pipe wall will completely remove the protective film formed by corrosion products. It is also assumed that the rate of corrosion is controlled by diffusion of O2 through the mass transfer boundary layer. Based on these assumptions, corrosion rate is calculated at the internal pipe walls. Results indicate that the predicted O2 corrosion rate along the walls varies for different turbulence models but show the same general trend and pattern.

Equation of State and Structure of Electrostatic Colloidal Crystals: Osmotic Pressure and Scattering Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Reus ◽  
L. Belloni ◽  
T. Zemb ◽  
N. Lutterbach ◽  
H. Versmold
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Colloidal Crystals ◽  
Scattering Study

scholarly journals On the osmotic pressures of some concentrated aqueous solutions

1906 ◽  
Vol 78 (521) ◽  
pp. 68-68
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Concentrated Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Point Pressure ◽  
Exact Point ◽  
Rate Of Movement

This communication gives an account of measurements of osmotic pressures of aqueous solutions of cane sugar, dextrose, galactose, and mannite. The method adopted is that briefly outlined by us in Vol. 73, ‘Roy. Soc. Proc.’ A gradually increasing pressure is placed upon the solution (which is separated from the solvent by a semi-permeable membrane) until the solvent, which at first flows into the solution, reverses its direction and is squeezed out. The pressure, when there is no movement of the solvent, is considered to be the osmotic pressure. Owing to the difficulty of determining the exact point at which no movement takes place and for other reasons, the experi­ments are carried out so as to enable an observation to be made of the rate of movement of the solvent, both when the pressure on the solution is just below and when just above the turning point pressure. The osmotic pressure is deduced from these rates. The range of pressures covered by the experiments is from 12 to 135 atmospheres.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document