scholarly journals Rat Models of Vocal Deficits in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 925
Author(s):  
Maryann N. Krasko ◽  
Jesse D. Hoffmeister ◽  
Nicole E. Schaen-Heacock ◽  
Jacob M. Welsch ◽  
Cynthia A. Kelm-Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Motor Speech Disorder ◽  
Degenerative Disorder ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive, degenerative disorder that affects 10 million people worldwide. More than 90% of individuals with PD develop hypokinetic dysarthria, a motor speech disorder that impairs vocal communication and quality of life. Despite the prevalence of vocal deficits in this population, very little is known about the pathological mechanisms underlying this aspect of disease. As such, effective treatment options are limited. Rat models have provided unique insights into the disease-specific mechanisms of vocal deficits in PD. This review summarizes recent studies investigating vocal deficits in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), alpha-synuclein overexpression, DJ1-/-, and Pink1-/- rat models of PD. Model-specific changes to rat ultrasonic vocalization (USV), and the effects of exercise and pharmacologic interventions on USV production in these models are discussed.

Gait analysis in three different 6-hydroxydopamine rat models of Parkinson's disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhou ◽  
Wangming Zhang ◽  
Jingyu Chang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Weixin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

10-Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on motor speech disorder in Parkinson’s disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. e9
Author(s):  
L. Brabenec ◽  
J. Mekyska ◽  
Z. Galáž ◽  
P. Klobušiakova ◽  
M. Koštálová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Speech Disorder ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Motor Speech Disorder

scholarly journals The Role of NOX4 in Parkinson’s Disease with Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hee Choi ◽  
In-Ae Choi ◽  
Cheol Lee ◽  
Ji Yun ◽  
Jongmin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease With Dementia ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Nigrostriatal Dopamine Neurons

The neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease with dementia (PDD) has been reported to involve heterogeneous and various disease mechanisms. Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology are associated with the cognitive status of PDD, and NADPH oxidase (NOX) is known to affect a variety of cognitive functions. We investigated the effects of NOX on cognitive impairment and on α-syn and Aβ expression and aggregation in PDD. In the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-injected mouse model, cognitive and motor function, and the levels of α-syn, Aβ, and oligomer A11 after inhibition of NOX4 expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) were measured by the Morris water maze, novel object recognition, rotation, and rotarod tests, as well as immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. After 6-OHDA administration, the death of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons and the expression of α-syn and NOX1 in the substantia nigra were increased, and phosphorylated α-syn, Aβ, oligomer A11, and NOX4 were upregulated in the hippocampus. 6-OHDA dose-dependent cognitive impairment was observed, and the increased cognitive impairment, Aβ expression, and oligomer A11 production in 6-OHDA-treated mice were suppressed by NOX4 knockdown in the hippocampal DG. Our results suggest that increased expression of NOX4 in the hippocampal DG in the 6-OHDA-treated mouse induces Aβ expression and oligomer A11 production, thereby reducing cognitive function.

Effects of (-)-sesamin on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and dopaminergic neuronal cells of Parkinson's disease rat models

2015 ◽  
Vol 83-84 ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Park ◽  
Ting Ting Zhao ◽  
Kyung Sook Lee ◽  
Seung Ho Lee ◽  
Keon Sung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

scholarly journals Attention/Memory Impairment is Correlated with Motor Speech Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yuchang Gui ◽  
Jincui Hu ◽  
Shanshan Liang ◽  
Sixia Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Speech Disorder ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Motor Speech Disorder ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Attention Memory

Abstract Background The mechanisms underlying the online modulation of motor speech in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have not been determined. Moreover, medical and rehabilitation interventions for PD-associated motor speech disorder (MSD) have a poor long-term prognosis. Methods To compare risk factors in PD patients with MSD to those without MSD (non-MSD) and determine predictive independent risk factors correlated with the MSD phenotype, we enrolled 314 PD patients, including 250 with and 64 without MSD. We compared demographic, characteristic data, as well as PD-associated evaluations between the MSD group and non-MSD group. Results Univariate analysis showed that demographic characteristics, including occupation, educational level, monthly income and speaking background; clinical characteristics, including lesions in the frontal and temporal lobes, and concurrent dysphagia; and PD-associated evaluations, including the activity of daily living (ADL) score, non-motor symptoms scale (NMSS) domain 4 score (perceptual problem), and NMSS domain 5 score (attention/memory) were all significantly different between the MSD and non-MSD group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that educational level, frontal lesions, and NMSS domain 5 score (attention/memory) were independent risk factors for PD-associated MSD (all P < 0.005). Conclusions We determined an association between MSD phenotype and cognitive impairment, reflected by low-level education and related clinical profiles. Moreover, attention and memory dysfunction may play key roles in the progression of MSD in PD patients. Further studies are required to detail the mechanism underlying abnormal speech motor modulation in PD patients. Early cognitive intervention may enhance rehabilitation management and motor speech function in patients with PD-associated MSD.

scholarly journals Discourse Analysis in Tamil Speaking Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Maria J ◽  
Samyuktha N ◽  
Yuva Yoga Shree B
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Motor Speech Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Degenerative Disorder ◽  
Age Range

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Though PD is primarily a motor speech disorder during the initial stages, as the disease progresses, a gradual decline in linguistic aspects is observed as well. The effects of disease (PD) on cognition, word retrieval, syntax, and speech/voice processes may act together to manifest uniquely in spoken language tasks. There is a dearth of studies focusing on the discourse abilities in PD, especially in Indian context. Aim: The present study aims at investigating the micro and macrostructure discourse by using personal narrative task in Tamil speaking individuals with idiopathic PD and comparing it with the neuro-typical individuals Method: Two groups comprising 5 Tamil-speaking individuals with idiopathic PD in the age range of 60–85 years and 5 neuro-typical individuals were included in the study. To assess their discourse skills, participants were engaged in a personal narrative task. The analyses done were based on macro and micro structural aspects of discourse. The raw scores were subjected to suitable statistical analysis. Results: There was a statistical significance between the Parkinson & Normal group on Total number of words, No. of Different words, No. of content words, No. of Functional words, Free morphemes, Complex structure per utterances & Relevant piece per utterance in microstructural aspects. However there was no significant difference observed in the macrostructural aspects due to smaller sample size. Conclusion: It can be concluded that in addition to speech impairment, language structure is also affected in persons with PD. Intervening at the level of discourse is an important aspect as it enhances the quality of life. Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, Discourse, Tamil speaking, Micro analysis, Macro Analysis.

scholarly journals Chaperone Sigma1R mediates the neuroprotective action of afobazole in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Voronin ◽  
Ilya A. Kadnikov ◽  
Dmitry N. Voronkov ◽  
Sergey B. Seredenin
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Dopamine Content ◽  
Sigma 1 ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Therapeutic Perspective

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with limited treatment options. Therefore, the identification of therapeutic targets is urgently needed. Previous studies have shown that the ligand activation of the sigma-1 chaperone (Sigma1R) promotes neuroprotection. The multitarget drug afobazole (5-ethoxy-2-[2-(morpholino)-ethylthio]benzimidazole dihydrochloride) was shown to interact with Sigma1Rs and prevent decreases in striatal dopamine in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced parkinsonism model. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of Sigma1Rs in afobazole pharmacological activity. Using ICR mice we found that administration of afobazole (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or selective agonist of Sigma1R PRE-084 (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) over 14 days normalizes motor disfunction and prevents decreases in dopamine in the 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum. Afobazole administration also prevents the loss of TH + neurons in the substantia nigra. The pre-administration of selective Sigma1R antagonist BD-1047 (3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) abolishes the activity of either afobazole or PRE-084, as determined using the rotarod test and the analysis of striatal dopamine content. The current study demonstrates the contribution of Sigma1Rs in the neuroprotective effect of afobazole in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease and defines the therapeutic perspective of Sigma1R agonists in the clinic.

scholarly journals Classic and New Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Blesa ◽  
Sudarshan Phani ◽  
Vernice Jackson-Lewis ◽  
Serge Przedborski
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Almost All

Neurological disorders can be modeled in animals so as to recreate specific pathogenic events and behavioral outcomes. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease of an aging population, and although there have been several significant findings about the PD disease process, much of this process still remains a mystery. Breakthroughs in the last two decades using animal models have offered insights into the understanding of the PD disease process, its etiology, pathology, and molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, while cellular models have helped to identify specific events, animal models, both toxic and genetic, have replicated almost all of the hallmarks of PD and are useful for testing new neuroprotective or neurorestorative strategies. Moreover, significant advances in the modeling of additional PD features have come to light in both classic and newer models. In this review, we try to provide an updated summary of the main characteristics of these models as well as the strengths and weaknesses of what we believe to be the most popular PD animal models. These models include those produced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiridine (MPTP), rotenone, and paraquat, as well as several genetic models like those related to alpha-synuclein, PINK1, Parkin and LRRK2 alterations.

scholarly journals The Parkinson's Disease-Related Protein DJ-1 Protects Dopaminergic Neurons in vivo and Cultured Cells from Alpha-Synuclein and 6-Hydroxydopamine Toxicity

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Batelli ◽  
Roberto William Invernizzi ◽  
Alessandro Negro ◽  
Eleonora Calcagno ◽  
Serena Rodilossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine
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