scholarly journals A Single Dose of Ginkgo biloba Extract Induces Gene Expression of Hypothalamic Anorexigenic Effectors in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1602
Author(s):  
Meira M. F. Machado ◽  
Janilda P. Pereira ◽  
Bruna K. S. Hirata ◽  
Viviane S. Júlio ◽  
Renata M. Banin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Rapid Stimulation

Previous studies have shown that Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) reduces food intake and body mass gain and regulates proteins related to lipid metabolism in obese rats. In ovariectomized rats, GbE restored the hippocampal and hypothalamic serotonergic system activity, favoring the spontaneous feeding decrement. Considering the promising hypophagic effect of GbE, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a single acute dose on hypothalamic pathways that regulate feeding behavior in male rats. Four-month-old Wistar male rats received either a single acute oral GbE dose (500 mg/kg) or vehicle. Food intake and body mass were measured after 1, 4, 12, and 24 h. Rats were euthanized, and hypothalami were removed for mRNA quantification of anorexigenic (POMC/CART) and orexigenic (AgRP/NPY) neuropeptides, leptin/serotonin receptors (5HT1A, 5HT1B, 5HT2C), and serotonin transporters. We also investigated POMC, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT2C protein levels. A single acute GbE dose induced the hypothalamic POMC, CART, and 5-HT2C gene expression but failed to modify orexigenic effectors. No alterations in food intake, body mass, and hypothalamic protein levels were observed. In summary, the present findings demonstrate the rapid stimulation of pivotal hypothalamic anorexigenic pathways in response to a single GbE administration, reinforcing the GbE hypophagic activity. However, more studies are necessary to evaluate its potential as an appetite modulator.

Effects of neurosecretory protein GL on food intake and fat accumulation under different dietary nutrient compositions in rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Fukumura ◽  
Kenshiro Shikano ◽  
Yuaki Narimatsu ◽  
Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena ◽  
Megumi Furumitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Infusion ◽  
Body Mass Gain ◽  
Sucrose Diet

Abstract We recently identified a novel hypothalamic small protein, named neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), which is involved in energy homeostasis in birds and mammals. However, whether the action of NPGL is influenced by nutritional composition remains unknown. Thus, we investigated the effect of chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of NPGL for 13 days on feeding behavior and body mass gain under a normal chow diet (NC), high-fat diet, high-sucrose diet (HSD), and medium-fat/medium-sucrose diet (MFSD) in rats. NPGL stimulated food intake of NC and MFSD, especially during the light period. By contrast, NPGL decreased body mass gain under NC and increased total white adipose tissue mass in HSD- and MFSD-fed rats. These data suggest that the effects of NPGL on feeding behavior, body mass gain, and fat accumulation depend on nutrient type. Among them, sucrose in diets seems to contribute to fat accumulation elicited by NPGL.

Effect of Resistance Training with Palm Pollen and Testosterone on Runx2 Protein and Gene Expression Levels in Bone Tissue of Adult Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazila Payandeh ◽  
Maghsoud Peeri ◽  
Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani ◽  
Seyed Ali Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
And Training ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Background: A healthy lifestyle, nutrition, and exercise can improve bone mass via several mechanisms. Objectives: This study assessed the effects of four weeks of palm pollen consumption along with resistance training on protein and gene expression levels of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in bone tissue of rats. Methods: Thirty-six rats were selected and assigned into six groups, including (1) training + testosterone, (2) training + palm pollen, (3) testosterone, (4) palm pollen, (5) training and (6) sham. Then, 100 mg/kg of palm pollen was prescribed five days per week. Resistance training was performed five sessions per week, and 2 mg/kg of testosterone propionate was prescribed peritoneally. Gene expression and protein levels of Runx2 were measured via the real-time PCR and Western blot methods. Results: Training had a significant effect on the increase in Runx2 protein levels (P ≤ 0.05). Training + testosterone, training + palm pollen, testosterone, and palm pollen had significant effects on gene expression and protein levels of Runx2 (P ≤ 0.05). Training + testosterone and training + palm pollen had more favorable effects on the increase of gene expression and protein levels of Runx2 than had testosterone, palm pollen, and training (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Although training, palm pollen, and testosterone alone could increase the Runx2 protein levels in the bone tissue of rats, training with palm pollen and training with testosterone appeared to have more favorable effects on the increase of gene expression and protein levels of Runx2 than either alone.

Ginkgo biloba extract facilitates recovery from penetrating brain injury in adult male rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Attella ◽  
Stuart W. Hoffman ◽  
Michael J. Stasio ◽  
Donald G. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Penetrating Brain Injury

scholarly journals Ginkgo biloba Extract (GbE) Stimulates the Hypothalamic Serotonergic System and Attenuates Obesity in Ovariectomized Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata M. Banin ◽  
Iracema S. de Andrade ◽  
Suzete M. Cerutti ◽  
Lila M. Oyama ◽  
Mônica M. Telles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats

Protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on liver damage by a single dose of CCl 4 in male rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Chávez-Morales ◽  
F. Jaramillo-Juárez ◽  
FA Posadas del Río ◽  
MA Reyes-Romero ◽  
ML Rodríguez-Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
State Level ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Steady State Level ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Central Lobe ◽  
Nuclear Alterations

Functional and morphological alterations were generated by p.o. (per os) administration of a single oral dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4; 0.125 mL/kg b.w., equivalent to 293 mg/kg) to adult male Wistar rats. CCl4 significantly increased (p < 0.05) the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 7478 ± 1044%) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 6964 ± 833%), compared to control rats; CCl4 also significantly decreased serum concentration of albumin (23 ± 5.5%) and increased the concentration of malondialhdeyde (MDA) in liver (300 ± 33%). Furthermore, CCl 4 down-regulated the mRNA steady-state level of tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a). CCl4 produced necrosis in the central lobe area, extended to the periphery, nuclear alterations (pycnosis, karyolysis and karyorrhexis), and cytoplasmic acidophilia. The pretreatment with 4 mg/kg (p.o.) of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE), for 5 days, prevented most of the damage caused by CCl4: significantly decreased the serum activities of ALT and AST (54 and 65%, respectively), compared to CCl4-treated rats; GbE partially prevented the increase of liver MDA (55 ± 14%) and the decrease of albumin concentration to 12 ± 0.2%. This pretreatment prevented the down-regulation of TNF-a and up-regulated the interleukine 6 (IL-6) mRNA steady-state level. Moreover, the GbE reduced the amount of necrotic areas in the central lobe area, compared to CCl4-treated rats.

scholarly journals Foraging dive frequency predicts body mass gain in the Adélie penguin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Lescroël ◽  
Annie Schmidt ◽  
Megan Elrod ◽  
David G. Ainley ◽  
Grant Ballard
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Foraging Success ◽  
Body Mass Gain ◽  
Adélie Penguins

AbstractQuantifying food intake in wild animals is crucial to many ecological and evolutionary questions, yet it can be very challenging, especially in the marine environment. Because foraging behavior can be inferred from dive recordings in many marine creatures, we hypothesized that specific behavioral dive variables can indicate food intake. To test this hypothesis, we attached time-depth recorders to breeding Adélie penguins also implanted with RFID tags that crossed a weighbridge as they traveled to and from the ocean to feed their chicks. The weighbridge reported how much mass the penguin had gained during a foraging trip. The variables that explained a significant amount of the change in body mass while at sea were the number of foraging dives per hour (46%) and the number of undulations per hour (12%). Most importantly, every increment of 1 in the rate of foraging dives per hour equated to a penguin gaining an average 170 g of mass, over the course of a 6–60 h foraging trip. These results add to a growing understanding that different metrics of foraging success are likely appropriate for different species, and that assessing the types and frequencies of dives using time-depth recorders can yield valuable insights.

scholarly journals Natural phenolic acids may increase serum estradiol level in ovariectomized rats.

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Zych ◽  
Joanna Folwarczna ◽  
Henryk I Trzeciak
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Estradiol Level ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Serum Estradiol Level ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Natural phenolic acids are commonly present in plants consumed in the diet. Recently we have observed that different natural phenolic acids exert differential effects on the body mass gain in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized female rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ferulic, caffeic, p-coumaric and chlorogenic acids on serum estradiol and total cholesterol levels in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats. The experiments were carried out on 3-month old female Wistar Cmd:(WI)WU rats, divided into following groups (n=8 in each group): non-ovariectomized control rats and non-ovariectomized rats receiving ferulic, caffeic, p-coumaric or chlorogenic acids, sham-operated control rats, ovariectomized control rats and ovariectomized rats receiving the same phenolic acids. The phenolic acids were administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg p.o. daily for 4 weeks. Serum estradiol and total cholesterol levels on the next day after the last administration of the phenolic acids were examined. The phenolic acids did not affect serum estradiol or total cholesterol levels in non-ovariectomized rats. In ovariectomized rats, caffeic acid and to a lesser extent p-coumaric acid increased serum estradiol level, which effect correlated with a decreased body mass gain. All the phenolic acids decreased serum cholesterol level in ovariectomized rats. Concluding, the anti-obesity activity of some phenolic acids may be, at least partially, connected with estrogenic pathways.

Feeding of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) enhances gene expression of hepatic cytochrome P-450 and attenuates the hypotensive effect of nicardipine in rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (23) ◽  
pp. 2783-2792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Shinozuka ◽  
Keizo Umegaki ◽  
Yoko Kubota ◽  
Naoko Tanaka ◽  
Hideya Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Hepatic Cytochrome
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