Effect of combination of peripheral oxytocin and naltrexone at subthreshold doses on food intake, body weight and feeding-related brain gene expression in male rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 113464
Author(s):  
Mitchell A. Head ◽  
Allen S. Levine ◽  
David G. Christian ◽  
Anica Klockars ◽  
Pawel K. Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Brain Gene Expression

Increasing vitamin A in post-weaning diets reduces food intake and body weight and modifies gene expression in brains of male rats born to dams fed a high multivitamin diet

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 991-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Sánchez-Hernández ◽  
Clara E. Cho ◽  
Ruslan Kubant ◽  
Sandra A. Reza-López ◽  
Abraham N. Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Changes in Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Neuropeptide Y, and Proopiomelanocortin Gene Expression during Chronic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation of Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Koban ◽  
Wei Wei Le ◽  
Gloria E. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Paradoxical Sleep ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement

Chronic rapid eye movement (paradoxical) sleep deprivation (REM-SD) of rats leads to two conspicuous pathologies: hyperphagia coincident with body weight loss, prompted by elevated metabolism. Our goals were to test the hypotheses that 1) as a stressor, REM-SD would increase CRH gene expression in the hypothalamus and that 2) to account for hyperphagia, hypothalamic gene expression of the orexigen neuropeptide Y (NPY) would increase, but expression of the anorexigen proopiomelanocortin (POMC) would decrease. Enforcement of REM-SD of adult male rats for 20 d with the platform (flowerpot) method led to progressive hyperphagia, increasing to approximately 300% of baseline; body weight steadily declined by approximately 25%. Consistent with changes in food intake patterns, NPY expression rapidly increased in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus by d 5 of REM-SD, peaking at d 20; by contrast, POMC expression decreased progressively during REM-SD. CRH expression was increased by d 5, both in mRNA and ability to detect neuronal perikaryal staining in paraventricular nucleus with immunocytochemistry, and it remained elevated thereafter with modest declines. Taken together, these data indicate that changes in hypothalamic neuropeptides regulating food intake are altered in a manner consistent with the hyperphagia seen with REM-SD. Changes in CRH, although indicative of REM-SD as a stressor, suggest that the anorexigenic actions of CRH are ineffective (or disabled). Furthermore, changes in NPY and POMC agree with current models of food intake behavior, but they are opposite to their acute effects on peripheral energy metabolism and thermogenesis.

scholarly journals Neonatal nutritional programming impairs adiponectin effects on energy homeostasis in adult life of male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. E29-E37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Peduti Halah ◽  
Paula Beatriz Marangon ◽  
Jose Antunes-Rodrigues ◽  
Lucila L. K. Elias
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nutritional Programming

Neonatal nutritional changes induce long-lasting effects on energy homeostasis. Adiponectin influences food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of neonatal nutritional programming on the central stimulation of adiponectin. Male Wistar rats were divided on postnatal (PN) day 3 in litters of 3 (small litter, SL), 10 (normal litter, NL), or 16 pups/dam (large litter, LL). We assessed body weight gain for 60 days, adiponectin concentration, and white adipose tissue weight. We examined the response of SL, NL, and LL rats on body weight gain, food intake, oxygen consumption (V̇o2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), calorimetry, locomotor activity, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression in the hypothalamus, and uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 in the brown adipose tissue after central stimulus with adiponectin. After weaning, SL rats maintained higher body weight gain despite similar food intake compared with NL rats. LL rats showed lower body weight at weaning, with a catch up afterward and higher food intake. Both LL and SL groups had decreased plasma concentrations of adiponectin at PN60. SL rats had increased white adipose tissue. Central injection of adiponectin decreased body weight and food intake and increased V̇o2, RER, calorimetry, p-AMPK and UCP- 1 expression in NL rats, but it had no effect on SL and LL rats, compared with the respective vehicle groups. In conclusion, neonatal under- and overfeeding induced an increase in body weight gain in juvenile and early adult life. Unresponsiveness to central effects of adiponectin contributes to the imbalance of the energy homeostasis in adult life induced by neonatal nutritional programming.

The effects of chronic nicotine on meal patterns, food intake, metabolism and body weight of male rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Bellinger ◽  
P.J. Wellman ◽  
R.B.S. Harris ◽  
E.W. Kelso ◽  
P.R. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Chronic Nicotine

Effects of meal frequency on energy utilization in rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (4) ◽  
pp. R616-R621 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Hill ◽  
J. C. Anderson ◽  
D. Lin ◽  
F. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Ad Libitum

The effects of differences in meal frequency on body weight, body composition, and energy expenditure were studied in mildly food-restricted male rats. Two groups were fed approximately 80% of usual food intake (as periodically determined in a group of ad libitum fed controls) for 131 days. One group received all of its food in 2 meals/day and the other received all of its food in 10-12 meals/day. The two groups did not differ in food intake, body weight, body composition, food efficiency (carcass energy gain per amount of food eaten), or energy expenditure at any time during the study. Both food-restricted groups had a lower food intake, body weight gain, and energy expenditure than a group of ad libitum-fed controls. In conclusion, these results suggest that amount of food eaten, but not the pattern with which it is ingested, has a major influence on energy balance during mild food restriction.

scholarly journals A Lipophilic Fucoxanthin-Rich Phaeodactylum tricornutum Extract Ameliorates Effects of Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6J Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gille ◽  
Bojan Stojnic ◽  
Felix Derwenskus ◽  
Andreas Trautmann ◽  
Ulrike Schmid-Staiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Lipid Uptake ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum) comprise several lipophilic constituents with proposed anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. We investigated the effect of an ethanolic P. tricornutum extract (PTE) on energy metabolism in obesity-prone mice fed a high fat diet (HFD). Six- to eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were switched to HFD and, at the same time, received orally placebo or PTE (100 mg or 300 mg/kg body weight/day). Body weight, body composition, and food intake were monitored. After 26 days, blood and tissue samples were collected for biochemical, morphological, and gene expression analyses. PTE-supplemented mice accumulated fucoxanthin metabolites in adipose tissues and attained lower body weight gain, body fat content, weight of white adipose tissue (WAT) depots, and inguinal WAT adipocyte size than controls, independent of decreased food intake. PTE supplementation was associated with lower expression of Mest (a marker of fat tissue expandability) in WAT depots, lower gene expression related to lipid uptake and turnover in visceral WAT, increased expression of genes key to fatty acid oxidation and thermogenesis (Cpt1, Ucp1) in subcutaneous WAT, and signs of thermogenic activation including enhanced UCP1 protein in interscapular brown adipose tissue. In conclusion, these data show the potential of PTE to ameliorate HFD-induced obesity in vivo.

scholarly journals Characterization of the inflammatory and metabolic profile of adipose tissue in a mouse model of chronic hypoxia

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1619-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bram van den Borst ◽  
Annemie M. W. J. Schols ◽  
Chiel de Theije ◽  
Agnes W. Boots ◽  
S. Eleonore Köhler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Chronic Hypoxia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Adipocyte Size ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Macrophage Density

In both obesity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), altered oxygen tension in adipose tissue (AT) has been suggested to evoke AT dysfunction, subsequently contributing to metabolic complications. Studying the effects of chronic hypoxia on AT function will add to our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of alterations in AT inflammation, metabolism, and mass observed in both obesity and COPD. This study investigated the inflammatory and metabolic profile of AT after chronic hypoxia. Fifty-two-week-old C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to chronic hypoxia (8% O2) or normoxia for 21 days, after which AT and plasma were collected. Adipocyte size, AT gene expression of inflammatory and metabolic genes, AT macrophage density, and circulating adipokine concentrations were measured. Food intake and body weight decreased upon initiation of hypoxia. However, whereas food intake normalized after 10 days, lower body weight persisted. Chronic hypoxia markedly reduced AT mass and adipocyte size. AT macrophage density and expression of Emr1, Ccl2, Lep, and Tnf were decreased, whereas Serpine1 and Adipoq expression levels were increased after chronic hypoxia. Concomitantly, chronic hypoxia increased AT expression of regulators of oxidative metabolism and markers of mitochondrial function and lipolysis. Circulating IL-6 and PAI-1 concentrations were increased, and leptin concentration was decreased after chronic hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia is associated with decreased rather than increased AT inflammation, and markedly decreased fat mass and adipocyte size. Furthermore, our data indicate that chronic hypoxia is accompanied by significant alterations in AT metabolic gene expression, pointing toward an enhanced AT metabolic rate.

Dorsomedial hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor mediation of exercise-induced anorexia

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. R1800-R1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiko Kawaguchi ◽  
Karen A. Scott ◽  
Timothy H. Moran ◽  
Sheng Bi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Running Wheel ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Running Wheels ◽  
Induced Changes

Running wheel access and resulting voluntary exercise alter food intake and reduce body weight. The neural mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear. In this study, we first assessed the effects of 7 days of running wheel access on food intake, body weight, and hypothalamic gene expression. We demonstrate that running wheel access significantly decreases food intake and body weight and results in a significant elevation of CRF mRNA expression in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) but not the paraventricular nucleus. Seven-day running wheel access also results in elevated arcuate nucleus and DMH neuropeptide Y gene expression. To assess a potential role for elevated DMH CRF activity in the activity-induced changes in food intake and body weight, we compared changes in food intake, body weight, and hypothalamic gene expression in rats receiving intracerebroventricular (ICV) CRF antagonist α-helical CRF or vehicle with or without access to running wheels. During a 4-day period of running wheel access, we found that exercise-induced reductions of food intake and body weight were significantly attenuated by ICV injection of the CRF antagonist. The effect on food intake was specific to a blockade of activity-induced changes in meal size. Central CRF antagonist injection further increased DMH CRF mRNA expression in exercised rats. Together, these data suggest that DMH CRF play a critical role in the anorexia resulting from increased voluntary exercise.

Testosterone affects food intake and body weight of weanling male rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio A. Nunez ◽  
Marjorie Grundman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Male Rats
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