scholarly journals Energy Diagnosis of University Buildings: Renewable Energy Institute from UNAM

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Oscar González-Galvez ◽  
Miguel Morales ◽  
Carla Seefoó ◽  
David Morillón ◽  
Hugo Valdés
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
University Buildings ◽  
Average Consumption ◽  
Systemic Indicators

The purpose of this study has been to conduct an energy diagnosis research of the third level. An energy diagnosis is a tool aimed to seek improvements related to measures of energy efficiency and saving, and environmental conservation as well. These improvements would prove to be relevant for any kind of building. The diagnosis was carried out in 36 university buildings (Renewable Energy Institute—REI) through survey and census; that in order (to identify and) to characterize current patterns of energy consumption and demand, as well as for generating specific strategies towards energy efficiency and saving, for instance the identification of systemic indicators and corrective proposals, and non-financial investment. The results promote the achievement of grand energy efficiency. The task on energy conservation entails the supporting participation of each person who either studies or works in the entity, whereas some other activities require economic stimulus for being implemented. Annual per capita energy consumption in the REI is 40 kWh/person: that is greater than the country’s average consumption rate. The main energy consumption corresponds to Building 3.1 (49% of total energy consumption). This is due to its large concentration of laboratories specialized in renewable energy research and innovation.

scholarly journals Energy Diagnosis of University Buildings: Renewable Energy Institute from UNAM

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar González ◽  
Miguel Morales ◽  
Carla Seefoó ◽  
David Morillón ◽  
Hugo Valdés
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
University Buildings

An energy diagnosis is a tool used to seek the improvement of energy saving measures, environmental conservation and energy efficiency, making relevant its implementation in any kind of buildings. For this article, an energy diagnosis of third level was carried out in buildings of the Instituto de Energías Renovables (IER) from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) through survey and census of the 36 buildings in the IER, in order to characterize current patterns of energy consumption and demand, and generating specific strategies towards savings and energy efficiency, such as indicators and corrective proposals within and non-financial investment.

Energy Consumption Prediction of University Buildings in China and Strategies for Energy Efficiency Management

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-juan Qu ◽  
Li-nan Lei ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jin-yuan Qian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
University Buildings

In 2007, Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Housing & Urban-Rural Development (MOHURD) carried out the Campus Resource Conservation Actions, in order to take full use of resources and to improve the energy efficiency. However, due to the large amounts of universities, the total energy consumption and the energy efficiency situation have no objective statistics. Taking modeling the energy consumption of university buildings as the starting point, this paper analyzes the characteristics of university buildings in China. Then, we do the prediction, trend and potential analysis of the total energy consumption in 2020. In addition, four strategies for energy efficiency management are carried out, which might be helpful for all the university managers and related departments.

Riqualificazione energetica e bioedilizia in Italia: lo stato dell'arte

2012 ◽  
pp. 74-88
Author(s):  
Livio de Santoli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Water Heaters

Building sustainability, in term of energy efficiency, low-impact building materials, renewable energy, has experienced significant growth during the past years. In response to the growing dependence on fossil fuels and importations, due in part to the increase of energy consumption in the residential sector (in 2009 46,9 Mtep, 3% more than 2008) and the recent European directives (i.e. EU 2009/28/CE) requiring CO2 emissions cut of up to 13% in 2020, there is interest in promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, which are suitable for residential applications. In this paper we present an overview on actions related to minimization of buildings energy consumption in Italy. Prevalent line of action is to improve the energy performances of building envelope (Dlgs 192/05) using insulated frames, walls and roofs and replacing heat generators with condensing boilers. In addition to national directives, ONRE Report 2011 (National Observatory on building regulations) shows that 831 Municipalities (10% more than 2010) establish mandatory targets for insulation, photovoltaic solar panels, solar water heaters, heat pumps use, correct buildings orientation, saving of water resource and local materials use. In addiction an efficient energy rating of the buildings could promote the spread of energy efficiency measurement and consequently facilitate their implementation. The new energy rating system should meet international standards, regarding environment and energy aspects, and respect territorial needs.

scholarly journals GIS-Based Energy Consumption and Spatial Variation of Protected Grape Cultivation in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Tian ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Xuejian Wei ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Weisong Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Input Structure ◽  
The Difference

This paper compares the difference in energy consumption in different sub-patterns and features of energy consumption structures used in protected grape production systems using statistical data. Then, spatial characteristics between different production modes based on geographic information systems are also analyzed. The results reveal that the types of energy consumption include steel, iron wire, water, chemical fertilizer, pesticides, electric power, organic fertilizer, plastic films, and labor. The total energy consumption for protected grape production was 210,534.3 MJ ha−1 in 2011, 211,504.6 MJ ha−1 in 2012, and 222,571.8 MJ ha−1 in 2013. From the perspective of cultivation modes, early ripening production and late ripening production consumed more energy than rain-shelter production; in terms of facility types, the total energy input of both vinyl tunnels and solar greenhouses were always higher than rain-shelter greenhouses. Indirect and non-renewable energy consumption were higher than that of direct and renewable energy, which accounted for 90% of energy consumption. Spatial analysis showed that the values of Moran’s I were all positive for the three years, which means protected grape input had a positive spatial autocorrelation. Therefore, we should adjust the energy input structure and choose more sustainable production modes to improve the sustainability of the production of protected grapes.

scholarly journals Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources in Road Transport in EU Countries—TOPSIS Results

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7457
Author(s):  
Joanna Kisielińska ◽  
Monika Roman ◽  
Piotr Pietrzak ◽  
Michał Roman ◽  
Katarzyna Łukasiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Relative Closeness ◽  
The Status

The primary aim of this study was to assess and compare EU countries in terms of the use of renewable energy sources in road transport. The following research tasks were undertaken to realize this aim: (1) a review of the literature concerning the negative externalities in road transport, the concept of sustainable development, and legal regulations referring to the utilization of renewable energy sources; (2) presentation of changes in energy consumption (both traditional and renewable) in road transport in EU countries in the years 2008–2019; and (3) identification of leaders among the EU countries in terms of consumption of renewable energy sources in road transport. The aim and tasks were realized using the literature review and TOPSIS method as well as descriptive, tabular, and graphic methods. The analysis was conducted for 28 EU countries according to the status for 2019. The period of 2008–2019 was investigated. Sources of materials included literature on the subject and Eurostat data. Although renewable energy sources accounted for as little as 6% of total energy consumption in road transport in EU countries in 2019, this is a significant topical issue. It results from the direction in which changes need to be implemented in terms of energy generation in this area of human activity. It turned out that blended biodiesel and blended biogasoline were the most commonly used fuels originating from renewable sources. The application of the TOPSIS method resulted in the identification of five groups of EU member countries, which differed in terms of the degree of utilization of renewable energy sources in road transport. Luxemburg, Sweden, and Austria were leaders in this respect. In turn, Malta, Estonia, and Croatia were characterized by very low consumption of renewable energy. The greatest progress in the utilization of renewable energy sources in road transport was recorded in Sweden, Finland, and Bulgaria (changes in the relative closeness to the ideal solution from 0.15 to 0.27), while the greatest reduction in relation to other countries was observed in Austria, Germany, and Lithuania (changes from −0.35 to −0.22).

scholarly journals Energy benchmarking in educational buildings in the city of Kragujevac - possibilities for energy efficiency improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-114
Author(s):  
Ana Radojevic ◽  
Danijela Nikolic ◽  
Jasna Radulovic ◽  
Jasmina Skerlic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Benchmarking

The implementation of energy efficiency measures and use of renewable energy sources in educational buildings can significantly contribute to reducing energy consumption, but also to CO2 emissions in the entire public sector. The paper shows the comparison of energy consumption indicators for 61 elementary school buildings which have previously been divided in 12 groups, according to the period of construction and size, based on the national typology called TABULA, as the first step of further study on how to use the renewable energy sources. The aim of this paper is to use the energy benchmarking process to select representative facilities which are suitable for applying renewable energy sources, for their further energy efficiency improvement. Indicators of annual specific electricity consumption and CO2 emissions per unit area [kWh/m2] and per user [kWh/user] were calculated. After that, from two groups (in which the highest electricity consumption and CO2 emissions are 68.37% and 74.53% of the total consumption/ emissions), one representative facility was selected.

Analysis of China’s Provincial Energy Efficiency Based on the Generalized DEA Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 890-895
Author(s):  
Hui Min Li ◽  
Cun Bin Li ◽  
Zhan Xin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, with the rapid economic growth, the demand on the amount of energy in China is increasing. So the problem of how to improve the energy utilization efficiency and save energy consumption has to be tackled. The traditional CCR model and BCC model used in the study of provincial energy efficiency do not take the impact of technological progress into consideration. Therefore, the paper uses the generalized DEA method to research the energy utilization efficiency of China’s 29 provinces, that is, to evaluate and analyze the energy utilization efficiency by selecting the capital stock, employment and total energy consumption of China’s provinces as input factors and GDP, per capital GDP as output factors, and then draw tables showing each province’s change of average annual overall efficiency and the pure technology changes, and finally analyze the regularities underlying these changes.

scholarly journals How Much Energy Efficient are Renewable Energy Sources Cooperatives’ Initiatives?

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Sifakis ◽  
Tryfon Daras ◽  
Theocharis Tsoutsos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Actual Energy Consumption

In this paper is provided a systematic, in-depth, behavioral analysis of renewable energy sources cooperatives’ members. The analysis proved that in, on hand, there was a noticeable difference in the portion of affection of each proposed intervention on the actual energy consumption, which may be to even ten times more in some cases, and on the other hand, the difference in energy consumption between the analyzed groups was noticeable as well. So, implementing energy efficiency interventions of various types, such as technical support, special tariffs, energy generation schemes, and smart meters, seems to lead to substantial energy reductions to even more than 10%, cumulatively, and reduces the environmental footprint. Additionally, the majority of energy efficiency interventions applied by the renewable energy sources cooperatives are proved to be effective in achieving their primary goal, sensitizing members, and leading them to a more efficient energy consumption behavior (“greener”). The results of the analysis showed that each proposed intervention had played a different but nonetheless significant role in the diminishing of the energy consumption of the members and that there was a noticeable difference in energy consumption between the analyzed groups. The results of the analysis demonstrated more than 22 GWh totally in green consumption, and almost 4500 tons of CO2 saved.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy and EU 2020 Target for Energy Efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Brożyna ◽  
Wadim Strielkowski ◽  
Alena Fomina ◽  
Natalya Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Eu

Our paper focuses on the renewable energy and EU 2020 target for energy efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. We study the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in these two EU Member States through the prism of the Europe 2020 strategy and the 3 × 20 climate and energy package and economic growth (represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) that allows to measure the national dynamics and provide cross-country comparisons) without attributing specific attention to issues such as the electrification of transport or heating, and thence leaving them outside the scope of this paper. Both Czech Republic and Slovakia are two post-Communist countries that still face the consequences of economic transformation and struggle with the optimal management of natural resources. Both countries encountered profound system transformation after 1989 that are apparent in all three measures of sustainable development used in our study. We show that it is unlikely that the planned increase in renewable energy in the Czech Republic and Slovakia will reach its targets, but they might succeed in reducing their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Our findings show that the energy intensity of Czech and Slovak economies increased in the early 2000s and then stabilized at a level about twice of the EU average. It appears that this value is likely to remain the same in the forthcoming years. However, implementation of GHG emissions in the Czech Republic and Slovakia may be at risk in case the proper energy policy is not maintained. Moreover, our results show how the increase in the share of renewable energy and improvement in energy efficiency go hand-in-hand with mining and exploiting the energy sources that is notorious for the transition economies. We also demonstrate that a proper energy policy is required for effectively reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. There is a need for commitments made by relevant stakeholders and policymakers targeted at achieving sustainable economic growth and energy efficiency. In addition, we demonstrate that there is a need for maintaining a proper balance between economic development and environmental protection, which is a must for the EU sustainable energy development agenda and all its accompanying targets for all its Member States.

scholarly journals Linking between Renewable Energy, CO2 Emissions, and Economic Growth: Challenges for Candidates and Potential Candidates for the EU Membership

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Bilan ◽  
Dalia Streimikiene ◽  
Tetyana Vasylieva ◽  
Oleksii Lyulyov ◽  
Tetyana Pimonenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
The Eu

This paper investigates the impact of renewable energy sources (RESs), CO2 emissions, macroeconomics, and the political stability in a country on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The authors analyse the dynamics of RESs use, CO2 emissions, and GDP development and also test the following hypotheses: (1) The country’s economic growth is related to the energy consumption, in terms of both human resources and capital; (2) the share of the renewable energy consumption of the total energy consumption has a positive impact on the economic growth; and (3) the share of the renewable energy consumption of the total energy consumption is unrelated to the economic growth. To test the above hypotheses, the authors use the modified Cobb-Douglas production function, which also considers RES production volumes, CO2 emissions, and economic growth. The study employs data between 1995 to 2015 from the candidate and potential candidate countries for the EU membership. The data are drawn from the World Bank and Eurostat. The analyses entail panel unit root tests, Pedroni panel cointegration tests, fully modified OLS (FMOLS), dynamic OLS (DOLS) panel cointegration techniques, and the Vector Error Correction model (VECM). The findings confirm the relationship between RESs, CO2 emissions, and the GDP. For the EU countries, RESs as human resources and capital have an impact on the GDP. Moreover, the results reveal a correction retraction when the economic growth leads to an increase in renewable energy consumption. The investigation also finds that candidate and potential candidate countries for the EU membership should foster renewable energy development. The authors conclude that developing affordable and effective instruments and mechanisms to boost the RES implementation is necessary to decrease the anthropogenic impact on the environment (in particular, decreasing CO2 emissions) without any attendant reduction in the economic growth.

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