scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy of Liquid-Based Cervical Smear Samples as a Triage to Stratify Women Who Are HPV-Positive on Screening

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2008
Author(s):  
Damien Traynor ◽  
Cara M. Martin ◽  
Christine White ◽  
Stephen Reynolds ◽  
Tom D’Arcy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Dna Testing ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Triage Test

The role of persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the development of cervical precancer and cancer is now well accepted, and HPV testing has recently been introduced for primary cervical screening. However, the low specificity of HPV DNA testing can result in large numbers of women with an HPV-positive result, and additional triage approaches are needed to avoid over-referral to colposcopy and overtreatment. The aim of this study was to assess Raman spectroscopy as a potential triage test to discriminate between transient and persistent HPV infection. HPV DNA status and mRNA status were confirmed in ThinPrep® cervical samples (n = 60) using the Cobas 4800 and APTIMA HPV test, respectively. Raman spectra were recorded from single-cell nuclei and subjected to partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA). In addition, the PLSDA classification model was validated using a blinded independent test set (n = 14). Sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 92% were achieved for the classification of transient and persistent HPV infection, and this increased to 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity when mean sample spectra were used instead of individual cellular spectra. This study showed that Raman spectroscopy has potential as a triage test for HPV-positive women to identify persistent HPV infection.

Human papillomavirus in cervical screening and vaccination

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma J. Crosbie ◽  
Henry C. Kitchener
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Recent decades have witnessed a reduction in the incidence of cervical cancer in countries where screening programmes have achieved broad coverage. The recognized importance of high-risk HPV (human papillomavirus) infection in the aetiology of cervical cancer may introduce a role for HPV DNA testing in cervical screening programmes. Positive HPV DNA tests indicate women at risk of cervical cancer with greater sensitivity, but reduced specificity, compared with exfoliative cytology. Combining HPV testing with cytology may be useful in the triage of minor cytological abnormalities into those requiring referral to colposcopy (HPV positive) compared with those who can be safely managed by cytological surveillance (HPV negative). With its high sensitivity and high-negative-predictive value, HPV testing may also be useful for predicting treatment failure, since residual disease is very unlikely in the event of a negative HPV test. Ultimately, prevention is better than cure, and the advent of HPV prophylactic vaccines may obviate the need for population-based cervical screening programmes in the future. A multivalent vaccine administered to adolescents prior to the onset of sexual activity and boosted at regular intervals throughout their sexually active life may provide protection against type-specific HPV infection, malignant precursors and invasive cervical disease. Several large randomized placebo-controlled trials have been conducted with promising results. For those generations of women already exposed to high-risk HPV infection, therapeutic vaccines may offer advantages over conventional treatment, although much work still needs to be done.

scholarly journals Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus in Czech non-vaccinated heterosexual couples

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Jaworek ◽  
Vladimira Koudelakova ◽  
Ivana Oborna ◽  
Blazena Zborilova ◽  
Jana Brezinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Penile Swabs

Abstract Background Data about the genotype-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in the Czech Republic is limited. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and concordance of genotype-specific HPV infection detected in semen samples, penile swabs and cervical swabs from non-vaccinated heterosexual couples without HPV-associated disease. Methods Semen samples and penile swabs were collected from male partners and cervical swabs were collected from female partners of heterosexual couples treated for infertility (n = 195). Presence of HPV DNA in semen samples and cervical swabs was analyzed using the cobas® HPV Test and PapilloCheck®. Only the PapilloCheck® test was used to detect HPV in penile swabs. The genotype-specific prevalence and concordance of HPV infection not targeted by vaccine were evaluated using Fisher exact test. Results Both partners were infected with any HPV type in 13.8% (27/195) of couples and, of these couples, 55.6% (15/27) harbored at least one mutual genotype. High-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes were detected in 12.3% (24/195) of semen samples, 31.3% (61/195) of penile swabs, and 19.5% (38/195) of cervical swabs (P < 0.001). The most prevalent hrHPV genotype were HPV53 (2.56%; 5/195) in semen samples, HPV16 (6.67%, 13/195) in penile swabs and HPV39 (3.59%, 7/195) in cervical swabs. Low-risk (lrHPV) genotypes were detected in 5.13% (10/195) of semen samples, 15.9% (31/195) of penile swabs, and 4.10% (8/195) of cervical swabs (P < 0.001). Male sexual partners of HPV-positive women were more likely to be infected with at least one of the same HPV types than female sexual partners of HPV-positive men (34.9% vs. 17.9%, P = 0.055). Conclusions This study showed that the detection of HPV infection differ by anatomic site and gender. Regardless the anatomic site, high prevalence of HPV genital infection was found in both Czech men and women.

Οικονομική αξιολόγηση της δοκιμασίας HPV DNA ως πρωταρχικής μεθόδου προσυμπτωματικού ελέγχου για καρκίνο τραχήλου της μήτρας στην Ελλάδα

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αναστάσιος Σκρουμπέλος
Keyword(s):  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test

Ο καρκίνος του τραχήλου της μήτρας αποτελεί την 7η συχνότερη μορφή καρκίνου στις γυναίκες στην Ελλάδα. Η αποτελεσματική διαχείριση της νόσου βασίζεται στην πρόληψη και δει στον προσυμπτωματικό έλεγχο ο οποίος έως πρόσφατα βασιζόταν στην κυτταρολογική εξέταση. Η σύνδεση του καρκίνου του τραχήλου της μήτρας με τον ιό των ανθρωπίνων θηλωμάτων οδήγησε στην ανάπτυξη της δοκιμασίας HPV DNA, η κλινική αποτελεσματικότητα της οποίας αποδεικνύεται πως υπερέχει της καθιερωμένης πρακτικής της κυτταρολογικής εξέτασης. Παρά την κλινική του υπεροχή η εισαγωγή του σε εθνικά προγράμματα προσυμπτωματικού ελέγχου απαιτεί τον έλεγχο της οικονομικής του αποδοτικότητα καθώς υπό τον περιορισμό των σπανίων πόρων η χρηματοδότησή του οφείλει να μεγιστοποιεί την αξία της επένδυσης. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, σκοπό της παρούσας διατριβής αποτελεί η διερεύνηση της οικονομικής αποδοτικότητας εναλλακτικών στρατηγικών προσυμπτωματικού. Η προσέγγιση της υπόθεσης εργασίας επιτευχθεί με την ανάπτυξη μαρκοβιανών υποδειγμάτων τα οποία εξέτασαν την αποτελεσματικότητα και το κόστος εννέα εναλλακτικών στρατηγικών προσυμπτωματικού ελέγχου στην Ελλάδα. Οι στρατηγικές ελέγχθηκαν με ενναλακτικές προσεγγίσεις των βασικών παραμέτρων τους όπως η πρωταρχική μέθοδος, το διάστημα επανελέγχου, τα ηλικιακά όρια του πληθυσμού-στόχου και το επίπεδο συμμόρφωσης. Οι αναλύσεις διεξήχθησαν υπό την οπτική του συστήματος υγείας και βασίστηκαν ως επί το πλείστων στην κλινική μελέτη HERMES (HEllenic Real life Multicentric cErvical Screening), για τις κλινικές και επιδημιολογικές παραμέτρους των υποδειγμάτων και σε δεδομένα της κοινωνικής ασφάλισης για τις τιμές των παρεμβάσεων υγείας και των ιατρικών πράξεων. Δεδομένης της απουσίας δεδομένων σχετικά με το κόστος διαχείρισης της νόσου χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ευρωπαϊκά δεδομένα τα οποία μετατράπηκαν σε ελληνικές σχετικές τιμές με την χρήση των Δεικτών Τιμών Καταναλωτή (Consumer Price Index, CPI) ιατροτεχνολογικών υπηρεσιών και προϊόντων και των δεικτών Ισοτιμίας Αγοραστικής Δύναμης (Purchasing Power Parity, PPP). Τέλος, για τον έλεγχο της αξιοπιστίας των αποτελεσμάτων διεξήχθη μια σειρά από ντερμινιστικές (one way sensitivity analyses) και πιθανολογικές αναλύσεις ευαισθησίας (probabilistic sensitivity analyses). Η αποτελεσματικότητα των στρατηγικών προέκυψε ότι μεγιστοποιείται με τις 4 στρατηγικές (HPV test ταυτόχρονη γονοτύπηση, HPV test μετέπειτα γονοτύπηση, συνδυασμός κυτταρολογικής εξέτασης & HPV test μετέπειτα γονοτύπηση, συνδυασμός κυτταρολογικής εξέτασης & HPV test ταυτόχρονη γονοτύπηση,) οι οποίες προσφέρουν HPV test με γονοτύπηση ανά 3 έτη και απευθύνονται σε γυναίκες 25-69 με πλήρη συμμόρφωση στον έλεγχο (100%). Οι στρατηγικές αυτές δύνανται να μειώσουν την επίπτωση της νόσου σε γυναίκες 25-85 ετών κατά 24,5% σε σχέση με την τρέχουσα πρακτική (7,64 περιστατικά/100.000 γυναίκες, 95% CI 7,56 – 7,69 έναντι 10,12, 95% CI 9,99 – 10,26) και κατά 34,9% σε σχέση με της χαμηλότερης αποτελεσματικότητας στρατηγικής HPV test χωρίς γονοτύπηση ανά 5 έτη (11,47, 95% CI 11,30 – 11,61). Ο λόγος κόστους-χρησιμότητας της στρατηγικής με HPV test και ταυτόχρονη γονοτύπηση ανά 3 ή 5 έτη σε σχέση με την τρέχουσα πρακτική εκτιμήθηκε στα 3.918€/QALY και στα –162.843€/QALY, αντίστοιχα, αρκετά χαμηλότερα από το συμβατικό όριο των 52.437€/QALY. Η υιοθέτηση ενός προγράμματος προσυμπτωματικού ελέγχου με HPV test και ταυτόχρονη γονοτύπηση ανά 3 ή 5 έτη για γυναίκες 25-69 ετών αποτελεί μια οικονομικά αποδοτική επιλογή η οποία βελτιώνει τις εκβάσεις υγείας των γυναικών και βελτιστοποιεί την κατανομή των πόρων που επενδύονται στην πρόληψη του καρκίνου του τραχήλου της μήτρας στην Ελλάδα.

scholarly journals Prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology and HPV DNA positivity among HIV positive women

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3649
Author(s):  
Sunita Malik ◽  
Supriti Kumari ◽  
Harsha S. Gaikwad ◽  
Archana Mishra ◽  
Mausumi Bharadwaj
Keyword(s):  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Abnormal Cytology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Dna Testing ◽  
Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: The relationship among HIV, HPV, and development of CIN is complex and incompletely understood. Present study is undertaken to find out the prevalence and relationship of abnormal cervical cytology and HPV infection in HIV positive women.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case control study conducted on 95 HIV seropositive and 95 seronegative women. Specimen was collected from the cervix for HPV DNA testing, subtyping and cytology.Results: HPV DNA positivity was higher in seropositive group (18.6% vs. 7.4%). Premalignant conditions were found only in seropositive group. At CD4 count <249 HPV DNA positivity was 53%, at 250-499 the percentage of HPV DNA positivity was 31% and at >500 HPV DNA positivity was 19%.Conclusions: Prevalence of abnormal cytology and HPV DNA positivity is higher amongst HIV positive women and there is an association between HPV DNA positivity with lower CD4 counts. 

scholarly journals Distribution and Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Cervical Specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Erkan Özmen ◽  
Ülkü Altoparlak ◽  
Muhammet Hamidullah Uyanık ◽  
Abdulkadir Gülen
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hpv Types

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is frequently a sexually transmitted virus and can cause cervical cancer in women. Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer among the developing countries. In this study, cervical HPV DNA positivity and genotype distributions were investigated in female patients living in our region and the results were compared with different studies. Materials and Methods: Between 1 July, 2017 and 1 March, 2019, 433 cervical swabs were sent to Ataturk University, Medical Faculty Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory due to suspicion of HPV. Swab samples were evaluated for HPV virus using molecular (Polymerase Chain Reaction-PCR) methods. For this purpose, Xpert HPV Test (Cepheid, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA) was used to identify HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68 t in a single sample. Results: Mean age of the patients ranged from 20 to 69 years, with a mean of 39.8 years (± 10.0). Positivity was detected in 62 of the 433 patients. Mean age of the positive patients was 40.2 years (± 11.3). When the positive patients were examined in terms of HPV types, the presence of HPV 16 was observed with a rate of 25.6%, while the HPV 18/45 types were found to be 9.0% in total. When patients were evaluated according to age groups, HPV DNA positivity was highest in the 25-34 age group with 38.7%. In our statistical study, there was no significant difference in HPV DNA positivity rate between the ages of 35 and under 35 years. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the prevalence and viral genotype distribution of HPV infection in women in Erzurum region. HPV type 16 is seen with a high rate in our region.

scholarly journals Validation of a Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA Cervical Screening Test That Provides Expanded HPV Typing

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Demarco ◽  
Olivia Carter-Pokras ◽  
Noorie Hyun ◽  
Philip E. Castle ◽  
Xin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Becton Dickinson ◽  
Major Question ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test

ABSTRACT As cervical cancer screening shifts from cytology to human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, a major question is the clinical value of identifying individual HPV types. We aimed to validate Onclarity (Becton Dickinson Diagnostics, Sparks, MD), a nine-channel HPV test recently approved by the FDA, by assessing (i) the association of Onclarity types/channels with precancer/cancer; (ii) HPV type/channel agreement between the results of Onclarity and cobas (Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA), another FDA-approved test; and (iii) Onclarity typing for all types/channels compared to typing results from a research assay (linear array [LA]; Roche). We compared Onclarity to histopathology, cobas, and LA. We tested a stratified random sample ( n = 9,701) of discarded routine clinical specimens that had tested positive by Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2; Qiagen, Germantown, MD). A subset had already been tested by cobas and LA ( n = 1,965). Cervical histopathology was ascertained from electronic health records. Hierarchical Onclarity channels showed a significant linear association with histological severity. Onclarity and cobas had excellent agreement on partial typing of HPV16, HPV18, and the other 12 types as a pool (sample-weighted kappa value of 0.83); cobas was slightly more sensitive for HPV18 and slightly less sensitive for the pooled high-risk types. Typing by Onclarity showed excellent agreement with types and groups of types identified by LA (kappa values from 0.80 for HPV39/68/35 to 0.97 for HPV16). Onclarity typing results corresponded well to histopathology and to an already validated HPV DNA test and could provide additional clinical typing if such discrimination is determined to be clinically desirable.

scholarly journals HPV DNA testing in population-based cervical screening (VUSA-Screen study): results and implications

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 975-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Rijkaart ◽  
J Berkhof ◽  
F J van Kemenade ◽  
V M H Coupe ◽  
L Rozendaal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Dna Testing ◽  
Study Results

scholarly journals Comparison of Human Papillomavirus Detection in Urine and Cervical Samples Using High-Risk HPV DNA Testing in Northern Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surapan Khunamornpong ◽  
Jongkolnee Settakorn ◽  
Kornkanok Sukpan ◽  
Suree Lekawanvijit ◽  
Narisara Katruang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Cervical Sample ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Dna Testing ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Objective. To evaluate the performance of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing in urine samples compared to that of cervical sample testing in Northern Thailand. Methods. Paired urine and cervical samples were collected during the follow-up of women with a previous positive HPV test. HPV testing was performed using the Cobas 4800 HPV Test. Linear Array assay was used for genotyping in selected cases. Results. Paired urine and cervical samples were obtained from 168 women. Of 123 paired samples with valid results, agreement in the detection of high-risk HPV DNA was present in 106 cases (86.2%), with a kappa statistic of 0.65 (substantial agreement). Using the cervical HPV results as a reference, the sensitivity of urine HPV testing was 68.6% (24/35) and the specificity 93.2% (82/88). For the detection of histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse (HSIL+), the sensitivity of urine HPV testing was 80.0% (4/5) and the specificity 78.0% (92/118). Conclusion. Although urine HPV testing had a rather low sensitivity for HPV detection, its sensitivity for histologic HSIL+ detection was high. For clinical use of urine HPV testing, standardization of specimen collection and processing techniques or application of a more sensitive test, especially in the detection of HPV52 and HPV58, is necessary.

scholarly journals Risk of cervical cancer associated with HPV infection among the gynae outdoor patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Tanjila Rahman ◽  
Shahina Tabassum ◽  
Munira Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test

Human papilloma virus is an oncogenic DNA virus, which is identified in 99.7% case of invasive cancer. It is the most prevalent virus involved in sexually transmitted diseases worldwide and an important public health challenge for the prevention of cervical carcinoma. Cervical cancer is the second cause of malignant neoplasia and death in women. The present study was thus designed to detect the risk factors for HPV infection in normal and unhealthy cervix of women attending tertiary care hospital (BSMMU). HPV DNA was detected among the study population using the Hybrid Capture 2 assay, which determined HPV high risk types. A total of 68 women between 25-70 years of age were included in this cross sectional study. Among them 13 (19.1%) cases were tested positive for HPV DNA. The risk factors for HPV infection identified from this result are early sexual activity, lower level of education, early marriage, multi-parity, total duration of sexual activity in years and long term use of oral contraceptive pill and poor socioeconomic condition. Increased awareness and understanding regarding HPV infection would improve the risk of infection and control in sexually active women. HPV diagnosis at early stages of infection is of fundamental importance. The use of HPV test in routine cervical mass screening may not be possible in developing countries like Bangladesh due to its high cost. Nevertheless, it has been shown to be a useful tool when combined with cytology to diagnose high-risk infection in apparently normal tissues, and may help to reduce the risk of cervical cancers. The results obtained from this study ultimately contribute to cervical cancer prevention among Bangladeshi women. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmjk.v46i1-2.18231 Bang Med J (Khulna) 2013; 46 : 3-6

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