scholarly journals Chromosome Imbalances in Neuroblastoma—Recent Molecular Insight into Chromosome 1p-deletion, 2p-gain, and 11q-deletion Identifies New Friends and Foes for the Future

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5897
Author(s):  
Jikui Guan ◽  
Bengt Hallberg ◽  
Ruth H. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Pediatric Tumor ◽  
Chromosome 1P ◽  
The Future ◽  
1P Deletion ◽  
Chromosome Imbalances ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Related Mortality

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid pediatric tumor, with around 15% childhood cancer-related mortality. High-risk neuroblastomas exhibit a range of genetic, morphological, and clinical heterogeneities, which add complexity to diagnosis and treatment with existing modalities. Identification of novel therapies is a high priority in high-risk neuroblastoma, and the combination of genetic analysis with increased mechanistic understanding—including identification of key signaling and developmental events—provides optimism for the future. This focused review highlights several recent findings concerning chromosomes 1p, 2p, and 11q, which link genetic aberrations with aberrant molecular signaling output. These novel molecular insights contribute important knowledge towards more effective treatment strategies for neuroblastoma.

scholarly journals Smoldering multiple myeloma: evolving diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies

Hematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 673-681
Author(s):  
Alissa Visram ◽  
Joselle Cook ◽  
Rahma Warsame
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Smoldering Myeloma ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

Abstract The adage for smoldering myeloma (SMM) has been to observe without treatment, until criteria for active multiple myeloma were satisfied. Definitions and risk stratification models have become more sophisticated, with prognostication tailored to include high-risk cytogenetics as per the most recent International Myeloma Working Group 2020 risk model. Moreover, progress in defining genomic evolution and changes in the bone marrow microenvironment through the monoclonal continuum have given insight into the complexities underlying the different patterns of progression observed in SMM. Given recent data showing improved progression-free survival with early intervention in high-risk SMM, the current dilemma is focused on how these patients should be treated. This case-based article maps the significant advancements made in the diagnosis and risk stratification of SMM. Data from landmark clinical trials will also be discussed, and ongoing trials are summarized. Ultimately, we outline our approach to SMM and hope to impart to the reader a sound concept of the current clinical management of SMM.

Two Years after the Crisis: Do Risks of the Second Wave Become Stronger?

2011 ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
World Economy ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Global Imbalances ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Second Wave

With signs of normalization seemingly in place in the world economy, a number of problems show the possibility of aggravation in the future. The volume of derivatives in American banks grows significantly, high risk instruments are back in place and their use becomes more active, global imbalances increase. All of the above requires thorough approaches when creating mechanisms which can neutralize external shocks for the Russian economy and make it possible to develop in the new post-crisis environment.

Basic Concepts and Definitions of Allergology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vrucinic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Basic Insight ◽  
Insight Into

The future of medicine belongs to immunology and alergology. I tried to not be too wide in description, but on the other hand to mention the most important concepts of alergology to make access to these diseases more understandable, logical and more useful for our patients, that without complex pathophysiology and mechanism of immune reaction,we gain some basic insight into immunological principles. The name allergy to medicine was introduced by Pirquet in 1906, and is of Greek origin (allos-other + ergon-act; different reaction), essentially representing the reaction of an organism to a substance that has already been in contact with it, and manifested as a specific response thatmanifests as either a heightened reaction, a hypersensitivity, or as a reduced reaction immunity. Synonyms for hypersensitivity are: altered reactivity, reaction, hypersensitivity. The word sensitization comes from the Latin (sensibilitas, atis, f.), which means sensibility,sensitivity, and has retained that meaning in medical vocabulary, while in immunology and allergology this term implies the creation of hypersensitivity to an antigen. Antigen comes from the Greek words, anti-anti + genos-genus, the opposite, anti-substance substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.

scholarly journals Transpedal Approach in Failed Antegrade Attempt of Lower Limb Peripheral Arterial Disease—A Review with Different Treatment Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Ranjit Kumar Nath ◽  
Siva Subramaniyan ◽  
Neeraj Pandit ◽  
Deepankar Vatsa
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Retrograde Approach ◽  
Femoral Access ◽  
Antegrade Approach ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

AbstractTranspedal access is an evolving technique primarily used in patients after failed femoral antegrade approach to revascularize complex tibiopedal lesions. In patients who are at high risk for surgery the transpedal access may be the only option in failed antegrade femoral access to avoid amputation of the limbs. In recent years transpedal access is used routinely to revascularize supra-popliteal lesions due to more success and less complications over femoral artery approach. Retrograde approach parse will not give success in all cases and importantly success depends on techniques used. There are different techniques that need to be used depending on lesion characteristics, comorbidities, and hardware available to improve success with less complications. This review provides different strategies for successful treatment of iliac and femoral artery lesions by transpedal approach after failed antegrade femoral attempt.

Specialist infantry and defence engagement

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Blair Thomas Herron ◽  
K M Heil ◽  
D Reid
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Future ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into

In 2015, the UK government published the National Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) 2015, which laid out their vision for the future roles and structure of the UK Armed Forces. SDSR 2015 envisaged making broader use of the Armed Forces to support missions other than warfighting. One element of this would be to increase the scale and scope of defence engagement (DE) activities that the UK conducts overseas. DE activities traditionally involve the use of personnel and assets to help prevent conflict, build stability and gain influence with partner nations as part of a short-term training teams. This paper aimed to give an overview of the Specialist Infantry Group and its role in UK DE. It will explore the reasons why the SDSR 2015 recommended their formation as well as an insight into future tasks.

scholarly journals Challenges for Change Agents. Best Practices at the University Library of Freie Universität Berlin

ABI-Technik ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
Martin Lee ◽  
Christina Riesenweber
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Large Change ◽  
University Library ◽  
The Future ◽  
The University ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe authors of this article have been managing a large change project at the university library of Freie Universität Berlin since January 2019. At the time of writing this in the summer of 2020, the project is about halfway completed. With this text, we would like to give some insight into our work and the challenges we faced, thereby starting conversations with similar undertakings in the future.

Feasibility of Prophylactic Pancreatojejunostomy in Possible High-Risk Patients for Prevention of Pancreatic Fistula during Enucleation or Limited Pancreatic Resection

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Ohtsuka ◽  
Yasuhisa Mori ◽  
Takaaki Fujimoto ◽  
Yoshihiro Miyasaka ◽  
Kohei Nakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pancreatic Fistula ◽  
Pancreatic Resection ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula ◽  
Postoperative Hospital Stay ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Related Mortality

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of prophylactic pancreatojejunostomy after enucleation or limited pancreatic resection regarding the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula (PF). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 32 patients who underwent enucleation or limited pancreatic resection and compared the clinical parameters between patients with ( n = 10) and without ( n = 22) prophylactic pancreatojejunostomy. Prophylactic pancreatojejunostomy was performed in patients with a possible high risk ofPF. No operation-related mortality occurred. Operation time was significantly longer ( P < 0.01) and blood loss significantly greater ( P < 0.01) in patients with pancreatojejunostomy. Overall complications were more frequent ( P = 0.02) and postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer ( P = 0.02) in patients with pancreatojejunostomy. However, other assessed factors including the prevalence of postoperative PF did not differ between groups. In conclusion, prophylactic pancreatojejunostomy is feasible, and its efficacy in preventing PF after enucleation or limited pancreatic resection in high-risk patients will require further study.

scholarly journals The future of financial markets and regulation: what strategy for Europe?

foresight ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Gossé ◽  
Dominique Plihon
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Realistic Option ◽  
The Future ◽  
Unstable Environment ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose – This article aims to provide insight into the future of financial markets and regulation in order to define what would be the best strategy for Europe. Design/methodology/approach – First the authors define the potential changes in financial markets and then the tools available for the regulator to tame them. Finally, they build five scenarios according to the main evolutions observed on the financial markets and on the tools used by the regulator to modify these trends. Findings – Among the five scenarios defined, two present highly unstable features since the regulator refuses to choose between financial opening and independently determining how to regulate finance in order to preserve financial stability. Three of them achieve financial stability. However, they are more or less efficient or feasible. In terms of market efficiency, the multi-polar scenario is the best and the fragmentation scenario is the worst, since gains of integration depend on the size of the new capital market. Regarding sovereignty of regulation, fragmentation is the best scenario and the multi-polar scenario is the worst, because it necessitates coordination at the global level which implies moving further away from respective national preferences. However, the more realistic option seems to be the regionalisation scenario: this level of coordination seems much more realistic than the global one; the market should be of sufficient size to enjoy substantial benefits of integration. Nevertheless, the “European government” might gradually increase the degree of financial integration outside Europe in line with the degree of cooperation with the rest of the world. Originality/value – Foresight studies on financial markets and regulation are quite rare. This may be explained by the difficulty to forecast what will be their evolution in the coming decades, not least because finance is fundamentally unstable. This paper provides a framework to consider what could be the best strategy of regulators in such an unstable environment.

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