scholarly journals Effect of Previous Alkylating Agent Exposure on Follicle Numbers in Cryopreserved Prepubertal and Young Adult Ovarian Tissue after Long-Term Xenografting

Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Mirja Nurmio ◽  
Babak Asadi-Azarbaijani ◽  
Mi Hou ◽  
Ronja Kiviö ◽  
Jorma Toppari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Tissue Therapy ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Median Cumulative Dose ◽  
Harmful Effects

Purpose and methods: To elucidate whether previous cancer treatment affects graft recovery and follicle numbers, morphology, and development in grafts, cryopreserved ovarian biopsies obtained from 18 cancer patients aged 1–24 years with and without exposure to chemotherapy were xenografted as 1 mm3 fragments to immunodeficient mice for 22 weeks with exogenous stimulation. Results: Graft recovery showed no association with chemotherapy exposure, pubertal stage, or leukemia contamination. Total follicle number per recovered graft varied between 0 and 1031 in the chemotherapy-exposed and between 0 and 502 in the non-chemotherapy-exposed group. Atretic follicles formed the largest proportion of the follicle pool in chemotherapy-exposed grafts. Increased atresia correlated with exposure to alkylating agents (mean ± SD 8866.2 ± 9316.3 mg/m2) but not with anthracyclines, pubertal stage, or leukemia contamination. Conclusion: The observation confirms the harmful effects of alkylating agents on ovarian tissue. Therapy at the median cumulative dose of 8866 mg/m2 leads to the decreased quality of cryopreserved ovarian follicles in children and young adults. 

scholarly journals Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Obesity: Navigating the Pathophysiologic Labyrinth

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joselyn Rojas ◽  
Mervin Chávez ◽  
Luis Olivar ◽  
Milagros Rojas ◽  
Jessenia Morillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Main Culprit ◽  
Exact Etiology

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine-metabolic disorder that implies various severe consequences to female health, including alarming rates of infertility. Although its exact etiology remains elusive, it is known to feature several hormonal disturbances, including hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin appears to disrupt all components of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovary axis, and ovarian tissue insulin resistance results in impaired metabolic signaling but intact mitogenic and steroidogenic activity, favoring hyperandrogenemia, which appears to be the main culprit of the clinical picture in PCOS. In turn, androgens may lead back to IR by increasing levels of free fatty acids and modifying muscle tissue composition and functionality, perpetuating this IR-hyperinsulinemia-hyperandrogenemia cycle. Nonobese women with PCOS showcase several differential features, with unique biochemical and hormonal profiles. Nevertheless, lean and obese patients have chronic inflammation mediating the long term cardiometabolic complications and comorbidities observed in women with PCOS, including dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Given these severe implications, it is important to thoroughly understand the pathophysiologic interconnections underlying PCOS, in order to provide superior therapeutic strategies and warrant improved quality of life to women with this syndrome.

Harmful Effects of Ecosystem Impairment on Human Health

2017 ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Suruchi Singh ◽  
Shashi Bhushan Agrawal ◽  
Madhoolika Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Will Force ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Environment Degradation

Growing global population has caused environment degradation through ecosystem impairment and over exploitation. Although, people have made great moves for improving life style, and enjoy a drastically improved quality of life but such improvements have been made at the cost of environment degradation. Climate change will force humans to adjust with changing environment and find ways to deal with short term protection and long term health consequences. The range of potential threats to human health caused by climate change is increasing and at the same time is not clear. So, owing to the potential magnitude and universality of such an issue, we have a moral obligation for developing proper tools and make informed choices that ultimately result in better lives for the humans.

Harmful Effects of Ecosystem Impairment on Human Health

2018 ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
Suruchi Singh ◽  
Shashi Bhushan Agrawal ◽  
Madhoolika Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Will Force ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Environment Degradation

Growing global population has caused environment degradation through ecosystem impairment and over exploitation. Although, people have made great moves for improving life style, and enjoy a drastically improved quality of life but such improvements have been made at the cost of environment degradation. Climate change will force humans to adjust with changing environment and find ways to deal with short term protection and long term health consequences. The range of potential threats to human health caused by climate change is increasing and at the same time is not clear. So, owing to the potential magnitude and universality of such an issue, we have a moral obligation for developing proper tools and make informed choices that ultimately result in better lives for the humans.

scholarly journals Kezdeti tapasztalataink a petefészekszövet-fagyasztás bevezetésével

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (49) ◽  
pp. 1947-1954
Author(s):  
Péter Fancsovits ◽  
János Urbancsek ◽  
László Fónyad ◽  
Anna Sebestyén ◽  
Gézáné †Csorba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Oncological Treatment ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

Introduction: The oncological treatment may damage ovarian function. To prevent this, it is possible to cryopreserve the ovarian tissue, and to keep the samples for long-term storage. The frozen-thawed tissue could be retransplanted after chemo- or radiotherapy. Aim: The aim of our study was to examine the effect of cryopreservation on the viability of ovarian tissue. Method: We analyzed the survival of frozen-thawed donated ovarian tissues. The quality of the follicles and hormone production in fresh and frozen-thawed samples were compared. Results: Histological analysis showed that the number of viable follicles was reduced by 23% in the frozen-thawed samples. However, viable follicles still presented in post thawing ovarian tissues. Maximal estradiol production in frozen-thawed tissues was 908 pg/ml and hormone production was similar to the control tissues. The maximal progesterone production was 1.95 ng/ml post thawing, but these values were lower than the progesterone production of fresh tissues. Conclusions: The method of ovarian cryopreservation used in our laboratory was able preserve the viability of follicles in frozen-thawed ovarian tissues. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(49), 1947–1954.

scholarly journals BIOMONITORING OF ATHMOSPHERE AIR POLLUTION IN THE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS AND ECO-TONE ZONE

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam BEGU
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Harmful Effects

Within our research, the air quality of 62 forest ecosystems from Republic ofMoldova was assessed, taking into consideration the lichens indicator speciesspecific diversity, abundance and toxitolerance. It was established that theMoldavian forest ecosystems do not contain reserves concerning critical loads forSO2 pollution, the annual average for the vegetation season for dendrologicalspecies being 0,02 mg/m3 air, and for communities of lichens and cyanobacteria,organisms sensitive to pollution, represented only 0,01 mg/m3. Lichen indicationdemonstrated that the current level of pollution is between 0,05 and 0,5 mg/m3 SO2air, thus long-term harmful effects are manifested in all 62 studied forestecosystems and the ecosystems from the eco-tone zone. We believe that for theRepublic of Moldova lichen, indicator species can provide a scale of 6 levels: 5levels characterized by species with different toxitolerance degree and the last stepbeing an area in which lichens are completely missing, thus the most polluted area.Within the Republic of Moldova territory, there were reported 3 forest ecosystemsin which the air is evaluated as clean air, 11- low polluted air, 31- moderatepolluted air, 12- polluted air, 3- high polluted air and those with critical polluted airwas missing.

Evaluation of long-term quality of life in children and young adults after neonatal surgery for esophageal atresia

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Athanasopoulou ◽  
Xenophon Sinopidis ◽  
Efstratios Koletsis ◽  
Dimitrios Dougenis ◽  
Ageliki Karatza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Esophageal Atresia ◽  
Neonatal Surgery ◽  
Children And Young Adults

scholarly journals Effects of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy on Spermatogenesis: The Role of Testicular Immunology

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Qu ◽  
Masahiro Itoh ◽  
Kou Sakabe
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Gonadal Dysfunction ◽  
After Cancer

Substantial improvements in cancer treatment have resulted in longer survival and increased quality of life in cancer survivors with minimized long-term toxicity. However, infertility and gonadal dysfunction continue to be recognized as adverse effects of anticancer therapy. In particular, alkylating agents and irradiation induce testicular damage that results in prolonged azoospermia. Although damage to and recovery of spermatogenesis after cancer treatment have been extensively studied, there is little information regarding the role of differences in testicular immunology in cancer treatment-induced male infertility. In this review, we briefly summarize available rodent and human data on immunological differences in chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Women’s health in times of COVID-19 pandemic. Do sex and gender matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Joanna Zembala-John
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harmful Effects

Abstract The COVID-19 epidemic has negatively affected all spheres of life, leading to the deterioration of health and quality of life. Although it has affected both men and women, it has had an extraordinary impact on the latter, exposing and exacerbating the existing health inequalities among those groups. There is increasing evidence that both sex and gender-related factors make women more prone to the harmful effects of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it is expected that the crisis caused by coronavirus will have long-term severe medical, social, and economic consequences in this population. This paper aimed to investigate the key factors contributing to the different outcomes of COVID-19 in men and women and present multi-dimensional effects of coronavirus pandemic from the perspective of women. Sex and gender differences must not be ignored in analyzing the impact of COVID-19. Sex/gender-oriented approach should be implemented in all public health actions: from collecting sex-disaggregated data to designing tailored repair post-COVID policies.

scholarly journals How Long Does It Last to Systematically Make Bad Decisions? An Agent-Based Application for Dividend Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Dragotă ◽  
Camelia Delcea
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Great Level ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Harmful Effects

Bad decisions have harmful effects on the quality of human life and an increase of their duration expands these undesirable effects. Systematic bad decisions related to dividend policy can affect the investors’ quality of life in the long-term. We propose an agent-based model for the estimation of the duration of systematically making bad decisions, with an application on dividend policy. We propose an algorithm that can be used in modelling the interaction between different classes of shareholders and for predicting this duration. We perform numerical simulations based on this model using NetLogo 6.0.4. We prove that, as a result of agents’ interaction, in some conditions, the duration of systematically making bad decisions can be very long: some numerical simulations suggest that, in some circumstances, this duration can significantly exceed the human lifetime. Additionally, in some conditions, the company can fail before the power is switched. This duration can increase dramatically if the shareholders have a great level of trust in the management’s decisions. As an implication, a greater concern for the quality of financial education, and more performant instruments for controlling the power’s decisions are required.

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