scholarly journals Recent Advances in Flavin-Dependent Halogenase Biocatalysis: Sourcing, Engineering, and Application

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Büchler ◽  
Athena Papadopoulou ◽  
Rebecca Buller
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Halogen Atom ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Molecular Scaffolds ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Technological Value ◽  
Recent Developments

The introduction of a halogen atom into a small molecule can effectively modulate its properties, yielding bioactive substances of agrochemical and pharmaceutical interest. Consequently, the development of selective halogenation strategies is of high technological value. Besides chemical methodologies, enzymatic halogenations have received increased interest as they allow the selective installation of halogen atoms in molecular scaffolds of varying complexity under mild reaction conditions. Today, a comprehensive library of aromatic halogenases exists, and enzyme as well as reaction engineering approaches are being explored to broaden this enzyme family’s biocatalytic application range. In this review, we highlight recent developments in the sourcing, engineering, and application of flavin-dependent halogenases with a special focus on chemoenzymatic and coupled biosynthetic approaches.

π-Electron rich small molecule sensors for the recognition of nitroaromatics

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (89) ◽  
pp. 16014-16032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju ◽  
Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Fluorescent Sensors ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Nitroaromatic Explosives ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Made In

In this review article we provide an overview of the recent developments made in small molecule-based turn-off fluorescent sensors for nitroaromatic explosives with special focus on organic and H-bonded supramolecular sensors.

scholarly journals Visible Light Photochemical Reactions for Nucleic Acid-Based Technologies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Bonwoo Koo ◽  
Haneul Yoo ◽  
Ho Jeong Choi ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Cheoljae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Chemical Biology ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Visible Light Driven

The expanding scope of chemical reactions applied to nucleic acids has diversified the design of nucleic acid-based technologies that are essential to medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. Among chemical reactions, visible light photochemical reaction is considered a promising tool that can be used for the manipulations of nucleic acids owing to its advantages, such as mild reaction conditions and ease of the reaction process. Of late, inspired by the development of visible light-absorbing molecules and photocatalysts, visible light-driven photochemical reactions have been used to conduct various molecular manipulations, such as the cleavage or ligation of nucleic acids and other molecules as well as the synthesis of functional molecules. In this review, we describe the recent developments (from 2010) in visible light photochemical reactions involving nucleic acids and their applications in the design of nucleic acid-based technologies including DNA photocleaving, DNA photoligation, nucleic acid sensors, the release of functional molecules, and DNA-encoded libraries.

scholarly journals Advances in Single-Cell Printing

Micromachines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Xiaohu Zhou ◽  
Han Wu ◽  
Haotian Wen ◽  
Bo Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Isolation ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Cell Array ◽  
Cell Printing ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Single Cell Isolation

Single-cell analysis is becoming an indispensable tool in modern biological and medical research. Single-cell isolation is the key step for single-cell analysis. Single-cell printing shows several distinct advantages among the single-cell isolation techniques, such as precise deposition, high encapsulation efficiency, and easy recovery. Therefore, recent developments in single-cell printing have attracted extensive attention. We review herein the recently developed bioprinting strategies with single-cell resolution, with a special focus on inkjet-like single-cell printing. First, we discuss the common cell printing strategies and introduce several typical and advanced printing strategies. Then, we introduce several typical applications based on single-cell printing, from single-cell array screening and mass spectrometry-based single-cell analysis to three-dimensional tissue formation. In the last part, we discuss the pros and cons of the single-cell strategies and provide a brief outlook for single-cell printing.

scholarly journals Coordinating ERK signaling via the molecular scaffold Kinase Suppressor of Ras

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Frodyma ◽  
Beth Neilsen ◽  
Diane Costanzo-Garvey ◽  
Kurt Fisher ◽  
Robert Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Molecular Scaffolds ◽  
Potent Effect ◽  
Molecular Scaffold ◽  
Kinase Suppressor Of Ras ◽  
Kinase Cascade ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
Erk Kinase

Many cancers, including those of the colon, lung, and pancreas, depend upon the signaling pathways induced by mutated and constitutively active Ras. The molecular scaffolds Kinase Suppressor of Ras 1 and 2 (KSR1 and KSR2) play potent roles in promoting Ras-mediated signaling through the Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade. Here we summarize the canonical role of KSR in cells, including its central role as a scaffold protein for the Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade, its regulation of various cellular pathways mediated through different binding partners, and the phenotypic consequences of KSR1 or KSR2 genetic inactivation. Mammalian KSR proteins have a demonstrated role in cellular and organismal energy balance with implications for cancer and obesity. Targeting KSR1 in cancer using small molecule inhibitors has potential for therapy with reduced toxicity to the patient. RNAi and small molecule screens using KSR1 as a reference standard have the potential to expose and target vulnerabilities in cancer. Interestingly, although KSR1 and KSR2 are similar in structure, KSR2 has a distinct physiological role in regulating energy balance. Although KSR proteins have been studied for two decades, additional analysis is required to elucidate both the regulation of these molecular scaffolds and their potent effect on the spatial and temporal control of ERK activation in health and disease.

Structure Design and Analysis of Variable Gear Pump

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-605 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Hai Shun Deng ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Gear Pump ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Variable Type ◽  
Entire Structure ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
External Mesh

Major recent developments of gear pump with external mesh is introduced in this paper, In order to enlarge the application range of the gear pump, a kind of variable type gear pump is designed. The whole design process is described in detail, the entire structure use a triplet, The driven gear can move through variable stem, it result in the change of displacement, it can refer to design of variable gear pump.

Recent Developments of Micropattern Detectors

2014 ◽  
pp. 156-194
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Detector Technology

In this chapter, the exciting developments in micropattern detectors in recent years are described. This includes GEM and MICROMEGAS detectors combined with micropixel readout, some peculiar designs of GEM and GEM-like detectors sensitive to UV and visible light, large area (>1m2) GEM and MICROMEGAS prototypes developed for the upgrades of the experiments at the large hadron collider, etc. A special focus is put on a new generation of spark-proof micropattern detectors, using resistive electrodes instead of traditional metallic ones. These detectors operate as ordinary micropattern detectors. However, in the case of occasional sparks, their current is limited by the resistivity of the electrodes so that the energy of the discharge is reduced by several orders of magnitude. Various designs of such detectors have been developed and successfully tested, including resistive GEM, resistive MICROMEGAS, resistive MSGC, etc. Among this family of detectors, a special place belongs to resistive parallel-plate micropattern detectors allowing one to achieve at the same time excellent spatial (38 µm) and time (77 ps) resolutions. Finally, the potential of multilayer detector technology for further optimization of the detector operation is discussed.

Click and release: bioorthogonal approaches to “on-demand” activation of prodrugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1077-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyue Ji ◽  
Zhixiang Pan ◽  
Bingchen Yu ◽  
Ladie Kimberly De La Cruz ◽  
Yueqin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Bioorthogonal Chemistry ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Recent Developments

This review summarizes recent developments in using bioorthogonal chemistry in prodrug design for the delivery of traditional small molecule- and gasotransmitter-based therapeutics.

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