scholarly journals Exogenous Application of ABA and NAA Alleviates the Delayed Coloring Caused by Puffing Inhibitor in Citrus Fruit

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Gang Ma ◽  
Lancui Zhang ◽  
Rin Kudaka ◽  
Hayato Inaba ◽  
Takuma Furuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Color Development

Combined spraying of gibberellin (GA) and prohydrojasmon (PDJ) was an effective method to reduce peel puffing in Satsuma mandarins. However, in the GA-and-PDJ combined treatment, fruit color development was delayed during the ripening process. In the present study, to improve the coloration of the GA and PDJ-treated fruit, the effects of exogenous application of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) on chlorophyll and carotenoid accumulation were investigated. The results showed that both ABA and NAA treatments accelerated the color changes from green to orange in the GA and PDJ-treated fruit during the ripening process. With the NAA and ABA treatments, chlorophylls contents were decreased rapidly, and the contents of β,β-xanthophylls were significantly enhanced in the GA and PDJ-treated fruit. In addition, gene expression results showed that the changes of the chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolisms in the NAA and ABA treatments were highly regulated at the transcriptional level. The results presented in this study suggested that the application of NAA and ABA could potentially be used for improving the coloration of the GA and PDJ-treated fruit.

scholarly journals Effects of Salicylic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate Treatments on Flavonoid and Carotenoid Accumulation in the Juice Sacs of Satsuma Mandarin In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8916
Author(s):  
Risa Yamamoto ◽  
Gang Ma ◽  
Lancui Zhang ◽  
Miki Hirai ◽  
Masaki Yahata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Satsuma Mandarin ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Juice Sacs

Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid are two important plant hormones that trigger the plant defense responses and regulate the accumulation of bioactive compounds in plants. In the present study, the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on flavonoid and carotenoid accumulation were investigated in the juice sacs of Satsuma mandarin in vitro. The results showed that SA treatment was effective to enhance the contents of eriocitrin, narirutin, poncirin, and β-cryptoxanthin in the juice sacs (p < 0.05). In contrast, the MeJA treatment inhibited flavonoid and carotenoid accumulation in the juice sacs (p < 0.05). Gene expression results showed that the changes of flavonoid and carotenoid contents in the SA and MeJA treatments were highly regulated at the transcriptional level. In addition, a transcriptional factor CitWRKY70 was identified in the microarray analysis, which was induced by the SA treatment, while suppressed by the MeJA treatment. In the SA and MeJA treatments, the change in the expression of CitWRKY70 was consistent with that of flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthetic key genes. These results indicated that CitWRKY70 might be involved in the regulation of flavonoid and carotenoid accumulation in response to SA and MeJA treatments in the juice sacs of citrus fruit.

Different transcriptional levels of Corazonin, Elevenin and PDF according to the body-color of the two-spotted cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Seike ◽  
Shinji Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Gryllus Bimaculatus ◽  
Pigment Dispersing Factor ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Endocrine Factors

Abstract Body-color in insects changes according to the living environment and physiological stresses possibly involved in endocrine factors. To date, three predominant bioactive peptides, Corazonin, Elevenin, and pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) have been illuminated to be involved in the body-color in insects and crustaceans. Here, we examined the possibilities that these three factors would contribute to body-color changes via melanization in the two-spotted cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus, whose body color changes according to population density drastically. Quantitative analyses revealed that the higher transcriptional levels of Corazonin and Elevenin in the crowded-conditioned crickets, whereas the transcriptional level of PDF was higher in the isolated-conditioned crickets. However, the body color was not changed by knockdown of Corazonin, Elevenin, and PDF by RNA interference. The present data indicated that coloration mechanisms in G. bimaculatus is differently controlled from the previous observation in Locusta migratoria, a closely related orthopteran species.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM ON PAPAYA FRUIT RIPENING

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 679a-679
Author(s):  
Yunxia Qiu ◽  
Robert E. Paull
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Calcium Fertilization ◽  
K Fertilization

Over ripe and abnormally soft fruits occur often during papaya shipments to the mainland U.S.A. Calcium fertilization to the soil did not always increased Ca concentration in the mesocarp. Calcium plus K treatment was more effective at increasing the Ca concentration in the mesocarp than Ca treatment alone. Calcium and K fertilization did not affect the fruit color development. There was a positive correlation between mesocarp Ca concentration and ripe fruit firmness, with no relationship between K or Mg concentration and ripe fruit firmness. Vacuum infiltration with CaCl2, MgCl2, KCl to mesocarp plugs in vitro showed that Ca significantly delayed softening and reduced C2H4 production, and that MgCl2 and KCl also slowed the softening. Use of the chelating agent sodium citrate increased the rate of softening, probably, by removing Ca from the cell wall. We conclude that Ca is an important factor in fruit firmness and that the increase of Mg and K by infiltration has different effects on fruit firmness from that by soil fertilization.

scholarly journals 811 PB 196 FOLIAR VARIATIONS IN FALL COLOR DEVELOPMENT AMONG FIVE PLANT SPECIES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 549d-549
Author(s):  
Suman Singha ◽  
Bernard Bible ◽  
Edward Corbett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Euonymus Alatus ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Marked Location ◽  
Red Coloration

Variations in the pattern of fall color development in the leaves of Acer rubrum, Acer saccharum, Quercus coccinea, Oxydendrum arboreum and Euonymus alatus were determined. CIELAB coordinates were measured with a Minolta CR-2000b calorimeter at a marked location on 5 tagged leaves from 2 plants of each species. The changes in hue follow similar trends in these species, but the time of onset varies. Onset of red color development increased variability in hue between leaves of the same species. Based on color changes in E. alatus anthocyanin development occurs prior to significant loss of chlorophyll and red coloration remains masked, whereas in A. rubrum anthocyanin development occurs in association with or following the loss of chlorophyll. This results in differences in the pattern of hue and chroma development between these species.

scholarly journals 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) Application Influences Citrus Juice Color and Vitamin C Concentration in Postharvest Storage

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 816B-816
Author(s):  
Huating Dou* ◽  
Gary A. Coates
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Citrus Juice ◽  
The Third

Influence of 1-MCP application in citrus fruit juice color and vitamin C concentration was determined for `Fallglo' tangerines, `Valencia' oranges, and white `Marsh' grapefruit. MCP was applied at 500 μL·L-1 for `Fallglo', and 1000 μL·L-1 for `Valencia' oranges and `Marsh' grapefruit at 75 °F for 7 hours in a container of 3' × 3' × 3.5' dimension. After three months storage at 40 °F and 93% relative humidity, vitamin C concentration in juice (mg/100 mL) was higher in MCP treated than non-treated `Valencia' oranges (37.1 vs. 30.6) and `Fallglo' tangerines (26.9 vs. 24.0). No difference was found in vitamin C concentration from `Marsh' grapefruit juice either treated (27.9) or non-treated (28.7) with MCP. Forty percent of vitamin C concentration was lost from one month after packing to the third month in storage for white `Marsh' grapefruit. Vitamin C loss was much slower for tangerines in comparison to grapefruit in postharvest. Juice color was not influenced by the MCP application for `Valencia' oranges while Hue and Chroma were improved in treated fruits for `Fallglo' tangerines and `Marsh' grapefruit compared to non-treated fruits. Applying MCP before degreening reduced vitamin C degradation 6 weeks after packing but not at 12 weeks for `Fallglo' tangerines. However, fruit color was improved at 6 and 12 weeks of storage. These results are important for postharvest quality management of citrus fruit and juice.

scholarly journals Effect of the Combination of MCP and Sanitizer on Storage Life of Fresh-cut Cilantro

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 863B-863
Author(s):  
Ji Gang Kim* ◽  
Yaguang Luo ◽  
Yang Tao ◽  
Kenneth C. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Oxygen Transmission Rate ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Ethylene Action ◽  
Fresh Cut ◽  
And Storage

The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (MCP), sanitizer and their combination on ethylene action, microbial growth and storage life of fresh-cut cilantro were studied. Fresh cilantro was treated with 1.5 μL·L-1 MCP for 18 hours at 10 °C. The treated and nontreated cilantro leaves were cut and washed in water, chlorine, and mixed solution of sodium chlorite and citric acid (SANOVA). Samples were dried, packaged with 29.2μmol·kg-1 Pa s oxygen transmission rate films, and stored for 14 days at 5 °C. Results indicated that MCP affected respiration rate of fresh-cut cilantro and the headspace gas composition (O2 and CO2) of sample packages. The combined treatment had lower tissue electrolyte leakage and ethanol concentration, and delayed color changes during storage. SANOVA and the combination of MCP and SANOVA were effective in reducing aerobic microbial population and coliform population. Samples treated with MCP and SANOVA had good quality with high overall quality score at the end of storage.

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