scholarly journals The Rac3 GTPase in Neuronal Development, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, and Cancer

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Ivan de Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rac Gtpases ◽  
Tumor Cell Biology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rho Family ◽  
Redundant Role

Rho family small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) are important regulators of the cytoskeleton, and are critical in many aspects of cellular and developmental biology, as well as in pathological processes such as intellectual disability and cancer. Of the three members of the family, Rac3 has a more restricted expression in normal tissues compared to the ubiquitous member of the family, Rac1. The Rac3 polypeptide is highly similar to Rac1, and orthologues of the gene for Rac3 have been found only in vertebrates, indicating the late appearance of this gene during evolution. Increasing evidence over the past few years indicates that Rac3 plays an important role in neuronal development and in tumor progression, with specificities that distinguish the functions of Rac3 from the established functions of Rac1 in these processes. Here, results highlighting the importance of Rac3 in distinct aspects of neuronal development and tumor cell biology are presented, in support of the non-redundant role of different members of the two Rac GTPases in physiological and pathological processes.

scholarly journals Coagulation Factors and Tumor Cell Biology: The Role of Tissue Factor

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Benedetta Donati ◽  
Roberto Lorenzet
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Tumor Cell Biology

scholarly journals THE GREAT AND THE GRAND: THE ROLES OF GREAT-GRANDPARENTS AND GRANDPARENTS IN MULTIGENERATIONAL FAMILIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S283-S284
Author(s):  
Emily Schuler ◽  
Cristina Maria de Souza Brito Dias
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Human Aging ◽  
Thematic Content Analysis ◽  
Multigenerational Families ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
The One

Abstract The increase of Human Aging has been observed rapidly in the whole world, as it has been in Brazil allowing the experience to live several roles within the family for a longer time. As a consequence, more multigenerational families emerge with a more vertical structure, formed by four or even five generations. While the oldest generation adds another generational role to their life, the one of great-grandparents, the youngest generation is born into an intergenerational network of relationships. There are various questions about the differences in the role of great-grandparents and grandparents, which motivated this present study. Thus, the objective of this study was to understand the roles of great-grandparents and grandparents in the family and their intergenerational repercussions. Four families with for generations, totaling 16 participants. One member of each generation was interviewed, using a specific script, which was afterwards analyzed by the Thematic Content Analysis. The results pointed out that both great-grandparents and grandparents have distinct roles that are constructed around the needs of the family; both figures provide emotional and material support to the family; both roles have transgenerational importance in the transmission of family legacies, which are related to faith, solidarity, education and order. It can also be said that the great-grandparents can be compared to the grandparents of the past, as the grandparents can be assimilated to the parents of older days. It is hoped that this research contributes to the visibility of these two generations and to sensitize professionals about this theme.

Domestic Homicide in early modern England

1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social History ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

One of the most striking features of recent writing on early modern social history has been the emergence of the family as a subject of central concern. As befits an historical area being subjected to new scrutiny, much of this concern has expressed itself in the form of specialized, and often narrowly-focused articles or essays.1 To these have been added a number of more general works intended to examine the broader developments in and implications of family life in the past.2 Several themes within family history have already received considerable attention: the structure of the family, for example, a topic already rendered familiar by earlier work on historical demography; the concomitant topic of sexual practices and attitudes; and the economic role of the family, especially in its capacity as a unit of production. These are, of course, important matters, and the research carried out on them has revealed much of interest and consequence to the social historian; this should not, however, obscure the existence of a number of other significant dimensions of family life in the past which await thorough investigation.

scholarly journals Quantitative cell biology: the essential role of theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 3438-3440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon Howard
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Quantitative Biology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Recent Establishment

Quantitative biology is a hot area, as evidenced by the recent establishment of institutes, graduate programs, and conferences with that name. But what is quantitative biology? What should it be? And how can it contribute to solving the big questions in biology? The past decade has seen very rapid development of quantitative experimental techniques, especially at the single-molecule and single-cell levels. In this essay, I argue that quantitative biology is much more than just the quantitation of these experimental results. Instead, it should be the application of the scientific method by which measurement is directed toward testing theories. In this view, quantitative biology is the recognition that theory and models play critical roles in biology, as they do in physics and engineering. By tying together experiment and theory, quantitative biology promises a deeper understanding of underlying mechanisms, when the theory works, or to new discoveries, when it does not.

scholarly journals CHANGE IN MAMAK ROLE IN MULO CUCU AYAE CEREMONY IN MATRILINEAL COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT IN SUNGAI LIUK VILLAGE PERSISIR BUKIT COUNTY, SUNGAI PENUH KERINCI CITY.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman - Firman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Factor ◽  
Community Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Selection Of

In the past until the 1990s in Sungai Liuk mamak had the obligation to carry out a ceremony when the niece of the first daughter of her sister married, named mulo cucu ayae ceremony. But nowadays that role of mamak in the implementation of mulo cucu ayae ceremony has undergone a change. The approach used in this research is a qualitative. The selection of inforants were done by porposive sampling, and thedata were analyzed by the techniques of Milen and Hubermes. Theresults indicate that the role of mamak in the mulo cucu ayae ceremony has undergone a change of role. The role is replaced by father of orang sumando. The role of mamak in mulo cucu ayae ceremony in the past until the 90s (1) Responsible for carrying out mulo cucu ayae ceremony; (2) Coordinating fundraising for mulo cucu ayae ceremony; (3) Preparing equipment for the implementation mulo cucu ayae ceremony, now there is a change in the role of mamak in the implementation mulo cucu ayae ceremony in Dusun Sungai Liuk, such as (1) Educational factor; (2) Economic factor; (3) Factor of heirloom that have been sold; (4) Overseas factors; the occurrence of the change in the role of the mamak during the mulo cucu ayae ceremony in Sungai Liuk; (1) The figure of mamak is less respected by nephews; (2) The authority of mamak begins to fade in the midst of society and sumando (3) Changes in structure and responnsibilities in the family; (4) Conflicts faced; (5) Conflict of inheritance

scholarly journals Autophagy in Neurons

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 477-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea K.H. Stavoe ◽  
Erika L.F. Holzbaur
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Selective Autophagy ◽  
The Core ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Neuronal Homeostasis ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Cellular Organelles

Autophagy is the major cellular pathway to degrade dysfunctional organelles and protein aggregates. Autophagy is particularly important in neurons, which are terminally differentiated cells that must last the lifetime of the organism. There are both constitutive and stress-induced pathways for autophagy in neurons, which catalyze the turnover of aged or damaged mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, other cellular organelles, and aggregated proteins. These pathways are required in neurodevelopment as well as in the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis. Here we review the core components of the pathway for autophagosome biogenesis, as well as the cell biology of bulk and selective autophagy in neurons. Finally, we discuss the role of autophagy in neuronal development, homeostasis, and aging and the links between deficits in autophagy and neurodegeneration.

Per una storia dell'affidamento dei malati psichiatrici alle famiglie: Towards a history of the family care of psychiatric patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Guarnieri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Staff

SummaryInserting adults with psychic problems into families has recently been practiced in various European countries and also in Italy, where some mental health departments support such families. Beyond the well known story of Gheel, the etero and omofamily care of psychiatric patients has a forgotten history. Methods – On the basis of unexplored and exceptionally rich sources from the archives of the asylums in Florence, as well as of the Province di Florence, which funded assistance to the mentally ill – this research focuses on the subsidized “domestic custody” of hundreds of psychiatric patients, who had already been institutionalized. Beginning in 1866, outboarding was supported by the provincial administration in Florence with the collaboration of the asylum medical direction. Results – In the late 19th C. and in the early 20th C. prestigious psychiatrists sought alternatives to the institutionalisation. These alternatives involved varied participants in a community (the patients and their families, the administrators and the medical specialists, the neighborhood and the police). The families played a special role that historians of the psychiatry exclusively dedicated to the insane asylums have not really seen. Conclusions – The role of the families in the interaction with the psychiatric staff is not, even on a historiographical level, simply an additional and marginal chapter of the practices and of the culture of the mental health. These archival evidence contradicts some common places on the past of the Italian psychiatry before 1978, and provokes new reflections of possible relevance to the present.

Family history and its influence in the beginning and progress of mental disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1304-1304
Author(s):  
G. Doulgeraki ◽  
A. Graikiotis ◽  
K. Theodosi ◽  
N. Kavvadias ◽  
A. Pittara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Negative Aspect ◽  
The Past ◽  
Residential Unit ◽  
The Family ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Performance Scale

IntroductionMental disease is faced during the past years as a result of various factors, such as the participation of the family which sometimes has a negative aspect in the course of the disease.ObjectiveThrough the study of 15 families of the patients who live in the Residential Unit of Aspropirgos, we present the role of the family environment in the appearance and process of the disease.MethodWe observed the background of 15 patients of the Residential Unit. When they completed a month living in Aspropirgos, we completed their Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). At the same time, we accepted the patients’ families in four weekly sessions whose goal was to explore and cope effectively with the problems that led those patients to mental disease. Patients completed the same questionnaire in their 4th and 12th month of their stay in Aspropirgos while we continued to have monthly sessions with their families.ConclusionsPatients presented a decrease of their functionality in their 4th month in the Residential Unit (around 30%), which was accompanied by the resistance of their families in the suggestions of the therapeutic group. When 4 months were completed we put more strict limits regarding the relationships of the patients with their families, we even forbidded their contact with members who provoked the most severe dysfunction in the patient. At the end of 12 months we concluded that there was an improvement of up to 50–60% compared to patients’ situation in the 4th month.

Handling Transitions from Mother to Son in the Family Business: The Knotty Issues

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence W. Kaslow
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Male Lineage

Most of the literature in the field of family business and the majority of cases discussed deals with succession as occurring within the male lineage. Although in the past decade more attention has been given to the role of women in family businesses and their contention for senior level positions, little has been written about women as originators and CEOs of family businesses. This article addresses such situations and the unique difficulties powerful women encounter when designating an only son as their successor. Two cases are discussed to illustrate the kinds of interactions and dynamics that may unfold between motherqsonqdaughter-in-law, and some of the consultative strategies utilized.

scholarly journals Specificity of Understanding the Problem of Gender Relations in Jhumpa Lahiri`s Writing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Olha Yalovenko
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Indian Woman ◽  
Academic Goals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Writing Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Jhumpa Lahiri ◽  
Assimilation Process

The article deals with the specificity of understanding the problem of gender relations in Jhumpa Lahiri`s writing (the American writer of Bengali origin). The article`s aim is to explore the peculiarities of gender relations in the context of the transculture paradigm in Jhumpa Lahiri`s writing. Research methods: historical and typological (determining the specifics of themes, motifs, images, story features of the writer`s works), hermeneutic (interpretation of various aspects of the literary text), narratological analysis (specifics` analysis of J. Lahiri`s narrative manner). It is indicated that the study of gender issues is important in the modern literature discourse. The differences between the adaptation of men and women to the new cultural environment are clearly seen in Jhumpa Lahiri`s writing. Yes, men`s purpose is to realize their “American dream”, as most of them emigrate in search of a better life, scientific and academic goals (an example is the man from the story “Mrs. Sen`s”). Like Bengali families, men have every right to make all the important decisions in the family. The features of Indian women's adaptation to the new culture, which are seen not only in overcoming the language barrier, but are traced in everyday life and in relations with men, are analyzed. Women have completely different adaptation experiences. The problem of gender relations is traced to the identity crisis of the Indian woman in America, who balances between cultures and lives in two worlds: wants to be American and at the same time not forget her “desh” (literally “homeland” in Bengali). A stereotyped image of an Indian woman who “sacrifices” herself and remains in despair within the American apartment`s walls is portrayed in Jhumpa Lahiri`s works. Gender specificity is seen in the role of “invisible existence”: heroines are associated with maids who can cook dinner and wash socks only. Women seek refuge in the past and avoid the present. Unlike men, the assimilation process is much more difficult for women. It is mentioned that J. Lahiri shows the material dependence of women on men. The problem of gender relations that is also associated with the decline of family values, where marriage becomes a temporary matter, is no less important.

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